中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语真题.docx
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中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语真题.docx
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中国科学院博士研究生入学考试英语真题
中国科学院2013年博士研究生入学考试英语真题
PAPErONE
PartI:
Vocabulary(15min.,10%)
Directions:
Choosethewordorexpressionbeloweachsentencethatchbestcompletesthestate-
ment,andmarkthecorrespondingletterofyearchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketson
yourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.
1.Abruptlythegroundfellawayfromourfeet,an,voidopenedbeforeus.
A.anxious巳.audibleC.awesomeD.amiable
2.Autobiographicaladvertingcanconsumers’pastmemoriesaboutthe
productorbrand.
A.exaggerateB.excavateC.exactD.evoke
3.ManyanimalsareontheofdisappearingfromthefaceoftheEtaAnne
withasafeplacetoliveandbreed.
A.rangeB.vergeC.partD.link
4.Ifcostscontinuetothestatewillnotbeabletoaffordthisschemefor
long,anditwillbecomeunpopular.
A.soar巳.shootC.swagD.settle
5.There’sainthefactthatalthoughwe’relivinglongerthaneverbefore
peoplearemoreobsessedwithhealthissuesthantheyeverwere.
A.paradox巳.dilemmaC.polarityD.misconception
6.Halladmitsthathepushedtooharshandultimatelyhiseffortfailed.
A.InessenceB.InduecourseC.OnaverageD.Inretrospect
7.ataxicabandalaundrytruckmissedeachotherbyinchesonSixthAvenuestop-
pinginsuchapositionthateachtheothersprogress.
A.implored巳.implementedC.impededD.imparted
8.InhernewnovelsAnnabelrenewedthisweekinthemagazine,KathleenWinter
thenaturenurturedivide.
A.outgrowsB.exploresC.perceivesD.contends
9.Theydriftedonthelake,fishingandcatchingshrimpto.
A.getby巳.getoverC.getalongD.getacross
10.InsomeCaliforniahousingestates,akeyaloneisinsufficienttogetsoleinthe
door,hisorhervoiceprintmustalsobe.
A.duplicatedB.perceived0.acquiredD.verified
11.Francewillloweritstaxrateonfoodanddrinksatrestaurantsinhopesof
touristsandlocalstostrugglingcafes,whichmeansasavingof7.05ona50
meal.
A.usheringB.initiatingC.luringD.trapping
12.Inaglobaleconomythathasproducedmoredramaticupsanddownsthananyone
thoughtpossible,Asiamaybeanotherdishearteningplunge.
A.takingin巳.headingfor0.longing?
forD.spreadingout
13.Inthe1970s,hebecameatirelesspromoterforthedrugasacurefordepression
—whichheoncesufferedfrom—andother.
A.ailments巳.therapiesC.tollsD.addictions
14.Hearingthenews,shecouldfeelangerinsideher.
A.stumblingB.staggeringC.twistingVD.surging
15.ManyadvertisersremainoftheInternetandquestionhowheavilytorely
onit.
A.inconsistent巳.supportiveC.skepticalD.prospective
16.Iftheexpertadviceismorepositive,willtheparentsbeabletoatti-
tudeswhichhavebuiltupoverdecadesinafewdays?
A.approveofB.shrugoff0.showoffD.pickup
17.Itwillbeveryhelpfulifparentshaveseentheschoolenvironmentandknowwhat
kindoftaskstheschoolwillonthedailylifeoftheirchild.
A.composeB.imposeC.disposeD.expose
18.Theauthorskillfullyfusesthesefragmentsintoawhole.
A.congestive巳.corporateC.collaborativeD.cohesive
19.hisseemingrebellionagainstmiddleclassvalues,heremainsessen-
tiallymiddle-class.
A.
Insteadof
B.
Asof
C.Forall
D.Butfor
20.
It’sverydifficultto
theexactmeaning
ofanidiominaforeignlan-
guage.
A.
exchange
B.
transfer
C.convert
D.convey.
PartII:
ClozeTest(15min.,15%)
Directions:
Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,choosethebestanswerfromthefour
choicesgivenbelow.Markthecorrespondingletterofyourchoicewithasinglebaracrossthesquare
bracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.
“Pain,”asAlbertSchweitzeroncesaid,“isamoreterriblelordofmankindthaneven
deathitself.’’Prolongedpaindestroysthequalityoflife.Itcan[21]thewillto
live,attimes[22]peopletosuicide.Thephysicaleffectsareequally[23]
.Severe,Persistentpaincanspoilsleepandappetite,[24]pro-
ducingfatigueandreducingtheavailabilityofnutrientstoorgans.Itmay[25]
delayrecoveryfromillnessorinjuryand,inweakenedorelderlypatientsmaymakethe
differencebetweenlifeanddeath.
[26],therearesomekindsofpainthatexistingtreatmentscannotease.
[27]doctorscandolittleinthesecasesisterriblydistressingforeveryonein-
volvedbutiscertainly[28].Whatseemslessunderstandableisthatmany
peoplesuffernotbecausetheirdiscomfortisuntreatablebutbecausephysiciansareoften
reluctantto[29]morphine.Morphineisthesafest,mosteffectivepainkiller
knownforconstantseverepain,butitisalso[30]forsomepeople.[31]
,itisrarelyprescribed.
Indeed,concernoveraddictionhas[32]manynationsinEuropeand
elsewheretoban[33]anyusesofmorphineandrelatedsubstances,inclu-
dingtheirmedicalapplications.Even[34]morphineisalegalmedicalthera-
py,asitisinGreatBritainandtheU.S.,manydoctors,afraidofturningpatientsintoad-
dicts,[35]amountthataretoosmalltocontrolpain.
21.A.boost
巳.erode
C.wear
D.distract
22.A.driving
巳.drive
C.drives
D.driven
23.A.compound
巳.comprehensibleC.exhaustive
D.profound
24.A.with
巳.whereby
0.thereby
D.as
25.A.thus
B.though
C.along
D.instead
26.A.fortunately
巳.sadly
C.notably
D.promptly
27.A.though
巳.which
C.that
D.while
28.A.understandable
巳.shameful
C.worrying
D.puzzling
29.A.promote
B.produce
0.prescribe
D.present
30.A.strong
巳.costly
O.ineffective
D.addictive
31.A.consequently
B.conclusively
C.however
D.meanwhile
32.A.urged
B.enhanced
C.led
D.stimulated
33.A.presently
B.virtually
C.decisively
D.promptly
34.A.when
巳.though
C.which
D.where
35.A.administrating
巳.administer
C.administered
D.toadminister
PartIII:
ReadingComprehension(60%)
SectionA(60min.,30%)
Directions:
Beloweachofthefollowingpassagesyouwillfindsomequestionsorincomplete
statements.EachquestionorstatementisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B.C,andD.Readeach
passagecarefully,andthenselectthechoicethatbestanswersthequestionorcompletesthestatement,
MarktheletterofyourchoicewithsinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAN-
SWERSHEET.
Passage1
Germany,Europe’seconomicpowerhousedoesnotlackcourage:
itreboundedfrom
twoworldwars,digestedreunificationandhasnowpoweredaheadofneighborsstillree-
lingfromthefinancialcrisis.Itoverhauledarigidlabormarketandraisedtheretirement
ageto67withlittlefuss.Mostrecentlyitsimplydecidedtoabandonnuclearpower.
Withthisboldnessatthetopcomesobedienceatthebottom—82millionGermanswill
waitatapedestrianredlight,evenwithnocarinsight.
Butwhenitcomestoempoweringwomen,noTeutonicdriveorrespectseemstowork
evenunderoneoftheworld’smostpowerfulwomen,ChancellorAngelaMerkel.
Despiteabatchofgovernmentmeasuresandevermorepassionatedebateabout
genderroles,onlyabout14percentofGermanmotherswithonechildresumefull-time
work,andonly6percentofthosewithtwo.All30Germanstockindexcompaniesarerun
bymen.Nationwide,asinglewomanpresidesonasupervisoryboard:
Dr.SimoneBagel-
TrahatHenkel.
EighteenmonthsafterInternationalHeraldTribunelaunchedaseriesonthestateof
womeninthe21stcenturywithalookatGermany,thecountyhasemergedasatestcase
forthepush-and-pullofeconomicsandtradition.
Forthedevelopedworld,Germany’ssituationsuggeststhatpoolingouthowtoremove
enduringbarrierstowomen’sFisherprogressisoneofthehardestquestionstosolve.
InallEuropecountries,fromthetraditionallymachosouthernrimtomoreegalitarian
Nordicnations,theavailabilityandaffordabilityofchildcare,intertwinedwithtraditionali-
deasaboutgenderroleshaveprovedkeyfactorsindetermininggenderequality.Thena-
tureofmalenetworksisanothertellingfactor.
Womenremainastrikingminorityintopcorporatecircles,eveninfiercelyegalitarian
countrieslikeSwedenortheUSwhereopportunitiesoftengowithone’sabilities.Veryfew
countriesapproach20percentfemalerepresentationoncorporateexecutiveboards.
YetifSwedishexecutivesuitesboast17percentwomenandtheUnitedStateandBrit-
ain14percent,inGermanyitis2percent—asinIndia,accordingtoMcKinsey*s2010
WomenMatterReport.
Oneofthecountiesinmostneedoffemaletalent—theGermanbirthrateisamongthe
lowestinEuropeandlaborshortagesinskilledtechnicalprofessionsalalready150,000—
Germanyisaplacewheregenderstereotypesremainengrainedinthemindandinkeyin-
stitutionsacrosssociety.
36.Thefirsttwoparagraphsdescribe.
A.practicalGermanleadershipinvariousfields
B.retiredGermanworkers’lives
C.asuccessfulGermanysinceWorldWarI
D.Germanstyleofdealingwithcrises
37.Accordingtotheauthor,undertheleadershipofChancellorAngela
Merkel.
A.femalesmusthavebeenallowedtotakesomefull-timejobs
巳.womenmighthavebeensupportedtobecomestronger
A.discussionsshouldhavebeenheldaboutwoman’simportance
B.womenshouldhavebecomemorepowerfulthantheyarenow
38.TheauthormentionsDr.SimoneBagel-Trahinordertoshow.
A.thepotentialforfemalestobecometopexecutives.
巳.thescarcityoffemaleCEOsinthecountry.
C.theinferiorityoffemaleCEOstomaleones.
D.thestrengthofacompanyledbyafemale.
39.Thephrase“thepush-and-pullofeconomicsandtradition”(Para.5)referstothe
factthat.
A.economicprogressneedseffortsbybothgenders.
B.traditionalgenderrolesr
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