考研英语终极命题人思路讲解讲义三.docx
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考研英语终极命题人思路讲解讲义三.docx
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考研英语终极命题人思路讲解讲义三
[A]Theyaregettingimpatient.
[B]Theyarenoisilydozingoff.
[C]Theyarefeelinghumiliated.
[D]Theyarebusywithwordpuzzles.
例5.Ifyouarepartofthegroup,whichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit’llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman’snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn’tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenortheirchairman.Whenlookingforhumorontheseoccasions,youwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.
5.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices.
[A]havebenefitedmanypeople
[B]arethefocusofpublicattention
[C]areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor
[D]haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock
错误的答案啊,你们能再邪恶一点吗?
1.原文:
Visualizehowyouwouldlikethedreamtoendinstead;选项:
Visualizingbaddreamshelpsbringthemundercontrol.
2.原文:
JohnMcWhorter,alinguistandcontroversialistofmixedliberalandconservativeviews,seesthetriumphof1960scounter-cultureasresponsibleforthedeclineofformalEnglish.
选项:
AccordingtoMcWhorter,thedeclineofformalEnglishhascausedthecontroversyoverthecounter-culture
3.原文:
Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind’semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis“off-line.”
选项:
Researchershavecometobelievethatdreamsaresusceptibletoemotionalchanges.
4.原文:
NewEngland'sleadersestablishedthebasicthemesandpreoccupationsofanunfolding,dominantPuritantraditioninAmericanintellectuallife.
选项:
NewEnglandPuritantraditiondominatedpoliticallife.
5.原文:
Sexhormonescausefemalesunderstresstoproducemoreofthetriggerchemicalsthandomalesunderthesameconditions.
选项:
(1)Womenaremoreexperiencedthanmenincopingwithstress.
(2)Menandwomenshowdifferentinclinationswhenfacedwithstress.
6.原文:
Women’capacityfortoleratingstressmayevenbegreaterthanmen’s.
选项:
Dr.Yehuda’sresearchsuggeststhatwomenaremorecapableofavoidingstress.7.原文:
Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch
选项:
Prudentplanninghindersprogress.
changedforsometime.
选项:
Thedesignofmilitaryuniformswillremainunchanged.
9.原文:
Luckily,ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcomingdisaster,asuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles.
选项:
Customersmightberelievedoftheirdisastersthroughlawsuits.
10.原文:
ButitishardlyinevitablethatcompaniesontheWebwillneedtoresorttopushstrategiestomakemoney.
选项:
PushinginformationontheWebisessentialtoInternetcommerce.
11.原文:
Peopleareabsorbedinto“acultureofconsumption”launchedbythe19th-centurydepartmentstoresthatoffered“vastarraysofgoodsinanelegantatmosphere.
选项:
Thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcenturyoweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumption.12.原文:
Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytrackstheemergenceofmassmedia,such
asadvertising.
选项:
Advertisingemergesinthewakeoftheanti-happyart
阅读真题再现
2014年阅读真题
Text1
Inorderto“changelivesforthebetter”andreduce“dependency”,GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe“upfrontworksearch”scheme.OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcenterwithaCV,registerfortheonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit-andthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.Whatcouldbemorereasonable?
Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker’sallowance.“Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.”heclaimed,“We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster.”Help?
Really?
Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith”reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidizeslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamentalfairness”-protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.
Losingajobishurting:
youdon’tskipdowntothejobcenterwithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinancially
hardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:
ajob.
ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency-permanentdependencyifyoucangetit–supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough20yearsofever–tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefitadministrationsystemneverhappened.TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase“jobseeker’sallowance”isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa“jobseeker”whohadnofundamentalrighttobenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance”,conditionalonactivelyseekingajob:
noentitlementandnoinsurance,at£71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.
21.GeorgeOsborne’sschemewasintendedto
[A]providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits.
[B]encouragejobseeker’sactiveengagementinjobseeking.
[C]motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily.
[D]guaranteejobseekers’legitimaterighttobenefit.
22.Thephase“tosighon”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans
[A]tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcenter.
[B]toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionsontheallowance.
[C]toregisterforanallowancefromthegovernment.
[D]toattendagovernmentaljob-trainingprogram.23.Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?
[A]Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall.
[B]Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.
[C]Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.
[D]Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.
24.AccordingtoParagraph3,beingunemployedmakesonefeel
[A]uneasy.[B]enraged.[C]insulted.[D]guilty.25.Towhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree?
[A]TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers’laziness.
[B]Osborne’sreformwillreducetheriskofunemployment.
[C]Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.
[D]Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.
Text2
moregroundsforcomplaintthanAmerica.
Duringthedecadebeforetheeconomiccrisis,spendingonlegalservicesinAmericagrewtwiceasfastasinflation.Thebestlawyersmadeskyscrapers-fullofmoney,temptingevermorestudentstopileintolawschools.Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.Manyoftheminsteadbecomethekindofnuisance-lawsuitfilerthatmakesthetortsystemacostlynightmare.
Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Oneistheexcessivecostsofalegaleducation.ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates;afour-yearundergraduatedegreeinsomeunrelatedsubject,thenathree-yearlawdegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandanexpensivepreparationforthebarexam.Thisleavestoday’saveragelaw-schoolgraduatewith$100,000ofdebtontopofundergraduatedebts.Law-schooldebtmeansthattheyhavetoworkfearsomelyhard.
Reformingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativetoimplementthem.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifthebarexamistrulyasternenoughtestforawould-belawyer,thosewhocansititearliershouldbeallowedtodoso.Studentswhodoneedtheextratrainingcouldcuttheirdebtmountainbyathird.
Theotherreasonwhycostsaresohighistherestrictiveguild-likeownershipstructureofthebusiness.ExceptintheDistrictofColumbia,non-lawyersmaynotownanyshareofalawfirm.Thiskeepsfeeshighandinnovationslow.Thereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofchangeamongtheregulatorsinsistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically.
Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagerstofocusonimprovingfirms’efficiency.Afterall,othercountries,suchasAustraliaandBritain,havestartedliberalizingtheirlegalprofessions.Americashouldfollow.
26.Alotofstudentstakeuplawastheirprofessiondueto
[A]thegrowingdemandfromclients
[B]theincreasingpressureofinflation
[C]theprospectofworkinginbigfirms
[D]theattractionoffinancialrewards
27.WhichofthefollowingaddstothecostsoflegaleducationinmostAmericanstates?
[A]Highertuitionfeesforundergraduatestudies
[B]Receivingtrainingbyprofessionalassociations
[C]Admissionsapprovalfromthebarassociation
[D]Pursuingabachelor’sdegreeinanothermajor
[B]lawyers’andclients’strongresistance
[C]thesternexamforwould-belawyers.
[D]non-professionals’sharpcriticism.
29.Theguild-likeownershipstructurei
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