精品高考英语一轮复习专题01Festivalsaroundtheworld押题专练新人教版必修3.docx
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精品高考英语一轮复习专题01Festivalsaroundtheworld押题专练新人教版必修3.docx
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精品高考英语一轮复习专题01Festivalsaroundtheworld押题专练新人教版必修3
专题01Festivalsaroundtheworld
第一节 阅读理解
阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
A
Persuasionistheartofconvincingsomeonetoagreewithyou.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:
ethos,pathos,andlogos.
Ethosisaspeaker'swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatsheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationshehasinthefield.Afterall,you'remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.Aspeakercanalsocreateethosbyconvincingtheaudiencethatsheisagoodperson.Ifanaudiencecannottrustyou,youwillnotbeabletopersuadethem.
Pathosisaspeaker'swayofconnectingwithanaudience'semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemsupporthim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepictureofinjureddogsandcats,tomaketheviewersfeelpity.Iftheaudiencefeelsbadfortheanimals,theywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.
Logosistheuseoffacts,statistics,orotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbemorelikelytobelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme”.
Althoughethos,pathos,andlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudiences.So,thenexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercial,orlistentoafriendtrytoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.
1.Whydoestheauthorsaypersuasionisanart?
A.Theybothentertaintheaudience.
B.Theybothrequiregreatskilltoachieve.
C.Theybothdemandfullattentionfromtheaudience.
D.TheywerebothcommontopicsofancientGreekwriters.
解析:
主旨大意题。
文章首先说劝服是一种让别人相信认同你的艺术,然后具体介绍了古希腊提出的三种基本工具的用法和对观众产生的影响,强调的是劝服的技巧性,所以说劝服是一门艺术。
B项意为“它们都要求很高的技巧性”,符合题意。
故正确答案为B。
答案:
B
2.Howisaspeakerabletoshowherethostotheaudience?
A.Byexpressinghersympathywiththeaudience.
B.Bytellingtheaudienceaboutherpersonalpreference.
C.Byusingbeautifullanguagetomakeherstatementsattractive.
D.Byshowingherknowledgeandexperiencerelatingtothetopic.
答案:
D
3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthethreeaspectsofpersuasion?
A.Ethosisthemostimportantaspectofpersuasion.
B.Eachaspecthasadifferenteffectontheaudience.
C.Honestyisthekeytomakingyourargumentsbelievable.
D.Politicalleadersmostlyusepathostopersuadetheiraudience.
解析:
细节理解题。
文章介绍了persuasion的三个基本工具也就是ethos,pathos和logos,并分别说明了每个工具的作用以及具体的使用方法。
B项意为“每个方面都能对观众产生不同的影响”,符合题意。
A项,“Ethos是说服最重要的一个方面”。
文中仅仅介绍了三个方面的不同作用,并没提及哪个更为重要,A项错误。
C项,“坦诚是使你的观点增强可信度的关键”。
文中提到persuasion的三个工具均能提高观点的可信度,并没有提及坦诚,C项错误。
D项,“政治领导最常使用pathos来劝服他们的观众”。
根据最后一段第二句“Indeed,mostspeakersuseacombinationofethos,pathos,andlogostopersuadetheiraudiences”可知,虽然每种工具的作用不同,但是演讲者通常混合使用这三种,而非仅仅使用pathos,D项错误。
故正确答案为B。
答案:
B
4.AnadvertisementforwashingpowderwhichclaimsthatMscientifictestsshowthatourpowderkills95%ofallbacteriaismainlyusing________.
A.ethos B.pathos
C.logosD.acombinationofallthree
答案:
C
B
Fromtheageofseven,Cameronwaseducatedattwoindependentschools.Duetogoodacademicgrades,Cameronenteredthetopacademicclassalmosttwoyearsearly.Attheageofthirteen,hewenttoEtonCollegeinBerkshire,followinghisfatherandelderbrother.Hisearlyinterestwasinart.SixweeksbeforetakinghisOLevelhewascaughtsmokingcannabis(大麻).Headmittedtheoffencebuthadnotbeeninvolvedinsellingdrugs,sohewasnotexpelled.However,hewasfinedandpreventedfromleavingschoolgrounds.
AfterleavingEtonin1984,Cameronstartedaninemonthgapyear.HeworkedasaresearcherforTimRathbone.Inhisthreemonthsthere,heattendeddebatesintheHouseofCommons.Throughhisfather,hewasthenemployedforafurtherthreemonthsinHongKongbyJardineMathesonasa“shipjumper”,whichwasanadministrativepost.
CameronthenbeganhisBachelorofArtsstudiesinPhilosophy,Politics,andEconomicsatBrasenoseCollege,Oxford.Histutordescribedhimasoneoftheableststudentshehadtaught,withmoderateandsensibleConservativepoliticalviews.
GuySpier,whosharedatutorwithhim,remembershimasanoutstandingstudent,“Weweredoingourbesttograspbasiceconomicconcepts.However,nobodyevencameclosetoCameron.HewouldbeintegratingthemwiththewaytheBritishpoliticalsystemisputtogether.Hecouldhavelecturedmeforit,andIwouldhavesatthereandtakennotes.”
WhileatOxford,Cameronwasamemberoftheexcellentstudentdiningsociety,theBullingdonClub,whichhasareputationforastrangedrinkingcultureassociatedwithboisterous(狂放不羁的)behavioranddamagingproperty.Camerongraduatedin1988withafirstclasshonoursdegree.
5.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Cameron'searlyeducation.
B.Cameron'shobbiesatschool.
C.Cameron'sfamilymembers.
D.Cameron'sbadexperiences.
6.WhathappenedtoCameroninhisgapyear?
A.Heexperienceddifferentjobs.
B.Hedebatedwithmanypeople.
C.Hetravelledalotwithhisfather.
D.Hespenttheyearrestingathome.
7.WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeCameroninOxford?
A.Ableandexcellent.
B.Lazyandtalkative.
C.Noisybutsensible.
D.Kindbutaggressive.
8.TheBullingdonClubmentionedinthelastparagraph____.
A.isverystrictinadmittingmembers
B.isthemedwithdiningfortopstudents
C.iscloselyrelatedtopoliticsanddining
D.isaninternationalclubforcollegestudents
语篇解读:
本文介绍了英国首相卡梅伦的小学、中学和大学生活。
7.解析:
细节理解题。
从文章的第三段的“describedhimasoneoftheableststudentshehadtaught”和第四段的“remembershimasanoutstandingstudent”等可知。
答案:
A
C
March,AprilandMayaremonthsfulloffestivalsandeventsallovertheworld.Herearefourwonderfulfestivalsaroundtheworldthathappeninspring.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutthem,pleaseclickhereorvisithttp:
//htm/.
Songkran—Thailand
Dates:
13th~15th,April
InThailand,peoplecelebrateafestivalcalledSongkran,whenpeopleheadouttothestreetswithwatergunstosprayeveryonewhowalkspast.
Naghol—Vanuatu
Dates:
EverySaturdayfromApriltoMay
Everyyear,villagerscometogethertocelebratetheharvestofyams,animportantpartinthepeople'sdietinVanuatu.Thefestivalismostfamousforits“landdivingceremony”.Duringtheceremonymenandboysdivetothegroundfromhighwoodentowerswithonlytwothinvines(藤)attachedtotheirankles.
CherryBlossomViewing—Japan
Dates:
Thecherryblossomseasonisdifferentfromyeartoyeardependingontheweatherforecast.
Thefestivaliswellknown.Japanesecelebratethedayswhentheflowersfinallyblossom.Onlyafewdayslater,thepetals(花瓣)falltotheground,likepinksnowflakes.Thatmeansthetraditionalfestivalonlylastsforseveraldays.InJapan,almosteveryonehaspicnicsintheparkstoviewtheflowers.
SinhaleseNewYear—SriLanka
Dates:
13thor14th,April
JustlikeinmanyothercountriesinSouthorSouthEastAsia,thisisthetimewhentheSinhalesecelebratethetraditionalNewYear,anancientcelebrationwhichmarkstheendoftheharvestseasonandisoneoftwotimesoftheyearwhenthesunisstraightaboveSriLanka.Therearealotofdeliciousfoodsduringthecelebration.
语篇导读
本文为说明文。
每年3~5月是世界各地节日最多的月份,本文主要介绍了四个地方的特色节日。
9.WhatmayhappentoatouristwalkinginthestreetduringSongkraninThailand?
A.Hemaygetwet.B.Hemaybeshotbythelocals.
C.Hemayenjoydeliciousfoods.D.Hemayseesomepetalsfalling.
解析A 推理判断题。
根据Songkran—Thailand部分中的…peopleheadouttothestreetswithwatergunstosprayeveryonewhowalkspast可推知,游客在泼水节期间游走在泰国街头,极有可能会被水枪喷湿,故选A项。
10.Wherecanyougotoenjoyamazingperformancesduringthefestival?
A.Thailand.B.Vanuatu.
C.Japan.D.SriLanka.
解析B 推理判断题。
根据Naghol—Vanuatu部分中的第三句可推知,此节日的仪式具有一定的危险性,即节日期间可以去瓦努阿图欣赏令人惊诧的表演,故选B项。
11.HowisCherryBlossomViewingdifferentfromtheotherthreefestivals?
A.Itisatraditionalfestival.
B.Itisaveryfamousfestival.
C.Itvarieswithweatherconditionseveryyear.
D.Itallowsvisitorstoeatfoodduringthefestival.
12.Whereareyoumostlikelytofindthetext?
A.OnTV.B.Inareport.
C.OntheInternet.D.Inanewspaper.
解析C 推理判断题。
根据第一段中的…pleaseclickhereorvisit…可推知,此篇文章最有可能来自网上,故选C项。
D
Ahandshakeisoneofthemostcommonwaystogreetothers,butUSPresidentDonaldTrump'sunusualmethodhasbeenputunderthemicroscopelately.
Muchlikeanarmwrestlerinamatch,therecentlyelectedleaderhasahabitofyanking(猛拉)people'shandstowardhimselfduringhandshakes.Andwhileatypicalhandshakeisonlybrief,theonebetweenhimandJapanesePrimeMinisterShinzoAbeonFeb10lastedafull19seconds.
Simplyhavingastronghandisnottheexplanationhere.AccordingtoDarrenStanton,abodylanguageexpertfromtheUK,whilehandshakesareusuallyanexchangeofkindness,Trumpuseshisasawaytoshowpowerandcontrol,regardlessofhowuncomfortableitmakespeople.“Itisasiftosay,‘Hey,I'mincharge,don'tmesswithme,’”StantontoldTheIndependent.
ApartfromTrump's“yankshake”,thereareotherwayspeopledisplaypowerwiththeirhands.Atbusinesstalksorpoliticalmeetings,forexample,somepeoplemayrotate(旋转)theirwristsduringhandshakessothattheirhandendsupontopinsteadofunderneath.Somemaysqueezesohardthatitleavestheotherp
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