高考英语全国统一考试模拟仿真冲刺卷新高考五 试题+全解全析.docx
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高考英语全国统一考试模拟仿真冲刺卷新高考五 试题+全解全析.docx
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高考英语全国统一考试模拟仿真冲刺卷新高考五试题+全解全析
全国统一考试模拟测试(五)
英语
本卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Provincetown,CapeCodRestaurants
Afteradayonthesandsorexploringourcharmingtown,enjoylocaleats,fromfreshseafoodandlobstertoauthenticItalian.You’llfindmanywonderfulProvincetown,CapeCodrestaurantsandcafesjuststepsaway.
Fanizzi’sRestaurant
Rightnextdoortoourhotel,thisaward-winninglocaleateryisoneofthefinestCapeCodrestaurants.Themenuhighlightsseafood,Italian,steaks,burgers,andfreshsalads.EnjoytheFridayFishFry,EarlyBirdSpecials,andSundayBrunch,availablefrom10:
00a.m.to2:
00p.m.allyearlong.
539CommercialStreet|508-487-1964
Napi’sRestaurant
Napi’sservesdinnerallyearroundandlunchfromApriltoOctober.AcozyplacelocatedjustoffCommercialStreetandoverflowingwithlocalart,thisCapeCod,MassachusettsclassicspecializesineverythingfromfreshlycaughtseafoodtoPortugueseandBraziliandishestovegetarianitems.
7FreemanStreet|800-571-6274
MewsRestaurant
EnjoyviewsofProvincetownHarboratthiswaterfrontrestaurantjuststepsfromSurfsideHotel&Suites.Intercontinentaldishesareservedinthebeach-leveldiningroom,whileupstairsyou’llfindacasualAmericanbistro.Summermonthsbringonabrunchmenu,anddinnerisservedyear-round.
429CommercialStreet508-487-1500
TheRedInn
Afavoriteamongourguests,TheRedInnislocatedonProvincetown’spicturesquewaterfrontwhichprovidesdinerswiththemostgorgeousharborviewsandspectacularsunsets.TheRedInnprovideshistoricoldworldcharmwithnewworldpleasure.Theirmenufeaturesthefinestlocalseafood.
15CommercialStreet508-487-7334
1.Whichrestaurantoffersaspecialbreakfastforearlyrisers?
A.Fanizzi’sRestaurant.B.Napi’sRestaurant.
C.MewsRestaurant.D.TheRedInn.
2.WhatisspecialaboutTheRedInn?
A.Itexhibitsthegoodlocalart.B.Itisthefinestlocalrestaurant.
C.Itoffersthebestlocalseafood.D.Itservesbrunchallyearround.
3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A.Accommodation.B.Lifestyles.C.Sightseeing.D.Dining.
B
JulesVernewasbornon8February1828intheFrenchcityofNantes.Fromanearlyage,hehadafascinationwithexplorationanddiscovery.Whenhewassix,histeacher,MadameSambin,toldhimstoriesaboutherhusband,whodisappearedwhiletravellingtheworldonaship30yearsbefore.ShetoldherclassthathewaslikeRobinsonCrusoe,afictionalcastawaywholivedonadesertisland.Vernewouldlaterwritestoriesaboutsimilarcharacters.
In1847,VernewassentbyhisfamilytostudylawatauniversityinParis,buthepreferredtowritenovels,poemsandplays.Aftergraduating,herealisedhewantedtowriteadventurestoriesbasedonscienceandtechnology.Thishadneverbeendonebefore,butVernewassurethatitwouldbeasuccess.Hisfirststory,FiveWeeksinaBalloon,waspublishedinSeptember1862.Hiscareerlastedformorethan40years,duringwhichtimehewrotemorethan60grippingstories.
Tobeginwith,Vernewrotepositiveandoptimisticbooks.Manyoftheseweretobehismostpopularcreations.Althoughsomeincludedfantasticalelements,theywereusuallybasedinscientificfact,makingthembelievable.Thesehappystoriesweren’ttolast.Ashegotolder,Vernebecamelessconfidentintheideathatscienceandtechnologywerealwaysgoodfortheplanet.Hisbooksstartedtoincludemorescientistswhousedtechnologyfortheirown–sometimesevil–purposes.Vernediedon24March1905,butnewbookscontinuedtobepublisheduntil1919.ThesestorieswerebasedonideasVernehadwrittenaboutwhilehewasstillalive,butfeaturednewcharactersandplotscreatedbyhisson,Michel.
Inthe20thcentury,hisbooksweretranslatedintomorethan140languagesandseveralsuccessfulfilmversionswerereleased.Hiscreationshavebeenrecognisedasaninspirationformanyscientistsandinventors.Manyofthefuturisticideasfromhismostpopularbookshavesincecometrue.
4.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1?
A.ToshowVerne’sdiscovery.
B.ToofferthebackgroundinformationofVerne.
C.TotelloftheadventureofSambin’shusband.
D.ToexplainhowVernebeganhiswritingcareer.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”refertoinParagraph2?
A.Writingnovels,poemsandplays.B.Studyinglaw.
C.Graduatingfromuniversity.D.Writingadventurestories.
6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutVerne’slateworks?
A.Theycoveredhappyelements.B.Theywereunbelievablestories.
C.TheyrevealedVerne’sdoubtonscience.D.TheywerepartlywrittenbyBerne’sson.
7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesVerne?
A.Talentedandproductive.B.Popularandcaring.
C.Optimisticandgenerous.D.Friendlyandhonest.
C
Parentsandmathteachersregularlyaskedbytheirschool-agedchargeswhethermathmattersinreallifenowhaveananswer.
InastudypublishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchthisweek,HarvardKennedySchoolPolicyProfessorJoshuaGoodmantookalookatwhathappenedtostudentswhosehighschoolswererequiredinthe1980stoincreasetheminimumlevelofcourseworkrequiredtograduate.Whathefoundisthatthestudentsweremorelikelytoincreasethenumberofmathcoursestheytookasaresultofthechangeinstandardsandthattranslatedintohigherearningsdowntheline.
Putsimply:
About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschoolgraduateswhowenttoschoolwhenthesechangestookeffectsawtheiraverageearningsincreaseabout10%foreveryextrayearofmathcoursework.Thefindingsmayaddfueltothesteadydrumofeducationexperts,policymakersandotherscallingforanincreasedfocusonscienceandmatheducation.
Theincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesdidn’tnecessarilyproducerocketscientists,Goodmannotes,becausetheextracourseworkwasn’tataparticularlyhighlevel.Butbecomingfamiliarwithandpracticingrelativelybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueandexcelatjobsthatrequiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge,hesaid.
Goodmanacknowledgedthattheearningsboostforthestudentsconnectedwiththeuptick(上升)inmatheducationmaybedependentonthestateoftheeconomy.WhenGoodmancheckedininthelate1990sandearly2000sontheearningsofthestudentswhograduatedinthelate1980s,hefoundthattheirearningsincreasedsignificantlyiftheytookmoremath.
8.WhatdoesJoshuaGoodman’sstudyfind?
A.Highschoolgraduatesearnmore.B.Highschoolstudentsprefermath.
C.Mathmattersalotinone’sincome.D.Mathisacompulsorycourseinschool.
9.Whyisincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesuseful?
A.Itproducedrocketscientists.
B.Itmakeshighschoolstudentssmarter.
C.Itmeetstherequirementsofthegovernment.
D.Itenableshighschoolgraduatestogetbetterjobs.
10.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Togiveawarningtopolicymakers.
B.Toseekhelpforhighschoolstudents’problems.
C.Toshowthegreatimportanceoflearningmath.
D.Totellastrugglinghistoryofhighschoolstudents.
11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.EffortsmattermostB.Mathmakesmoney
C.EarningsofdifferentgraduatesD.Changesofhighschoolcourses
D
Braincellsworktoactivelyforgetmemoriesduringaspecificperiodofsleep.Whenwesleep,ourbrainsclearoutthememorieswe’vemadewhilewe’reawake,decidingwhattokeepandwhattogetridof.Forgettingisanactiveprocess,explainedtheauthorsofthestudypublishedinthejournalScience.Butlessisknownaboutthisprocessduringthedifferentperiodsofsleep.
Theyfoundthatduringtherapideyemovement(REM)sleepperiod---oractivesleepwhenwearethoughttodream---specialnervecellsappeartoactivelycontributetoforgetting.Whatareknownasmelanin-concentratinghormone-producing(MCH)neurons(神经元)sitinthehypothalamus(下丘脑):
apartofthebrainwhichhelpswitharangeoffunctionssuchassleep,appetiteandemotions.PastresearchhassuggestedthesecellshelptocontrolREMsleeppatterns:
activatingtheMCHneuronsincreasingtimespentinthisperiod,whilepreventingthemreducingchangesintothisperiod.
ThescientistslookedatMCHcellsinmice,andfound52.8percentwereactiveduringREMsleep,comparedwith35percentwhenthemicewereawake.Studyco-authorThomasKilduff,directoroftheCenterforNeuroscienceatSRIInternational,toldNewsweektheteamwassurprisedtofindthatmiceperformedbetteronlearningandmemorytaskswhentheMCHcellswereprevented.“ThisresultsuggeststhatactivationoftheMCHneuronsmayaffectmemory---thatis,MCHneuronsmayfacilitateforgetting,”Kilduffexplained.
Whenaskedwhatmotivatedthestudy,Kilduffsaid,“WehopetheworkcoulddeepenourunderstandingofAlzheimer’sdisease.Understandingtheneuralbasisoflearningandmemoryisahugeareaofneuroscienceresearchbecauseofitseffectsonoureverydaylives,aswellasdiseasessuchasAlzheimer’sdisease.Priortothiswork,noonesuspectedthatMCHneuronshadanythingtodowithforgetting,”saidKilduff.
12.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?
A.Forgettingisapassiveprocess.
B.Theforgettingprocessisknowntous.
C.Somememoriesareforgottenwhileweareawake.
D.Certainmemoriesareremovedwhileweareasleep.
13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?
A.REMsleeppatterns.B.Pastresearche
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