山东高考英语真题附答案.docx
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山东高考英语真题附答案.docx
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山东高考英语真题附答案
Lastrevisiondate:
13December2020.
山东高考英语真题附答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题:
每小题分,满分分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:
Howmuchistheshirt
A.£.B.£.C.£.
答案是C。
atalk.areport.
2.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman
'sgenerous.'scurious'shelpful
:
30.8:
30.10:
30.
..bike.
.
第二节(共15小题:
每小题分,满分分)
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
.
.
.
...
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
hotelmanager.tourguide..
.
.
.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
.home..
.
...
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
.
.
.
...
'''sadequatelyequipped.
.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
...
''ssympathetic.'sgrateful.
.
.
.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Washington,D.CBicycleTours
CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,.
Duration:
3hours
ThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworldfamouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability-andthecherryblossoms-disappear!
WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour
Duration:
3hours(4miles)
JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.
CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C
Duration:
3hours
MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.
WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour
Duration:
3hours(7miles)
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.
21.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance
ACherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,.
B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.
C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C
D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.
22.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour
A.Meetfamouspeople.
B.Gotoanationalpark.
C.Visitwell-knownmuseums.
D.Enjoyinterestingstories.
23.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide
A.Citymaps.B.Cameras.C.Meals.D.Safetylights.
B
GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget。
InSaveMoney:
GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe'sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe'slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.
“WeloveMexicanchurrossoIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay£5foraportion(份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe'renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”
Theeight-partseries(系列节目),Savemoney:
GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:
GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.
Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.
don'tknowaboutSusannaReid
A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.
B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.
C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.
D.Shehashadatightbudgetforherfamily.
25.HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna
A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.
B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.
C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.
D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.
doestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4
A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.
B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.
C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.
D:
Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.
27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext
A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDiet
C.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess
C
Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.
Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.
Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehotwetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellovermediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersismere6,000,whichthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.
Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):
noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.
28.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter-gatherertimes
A.TheydevelopedveryfastB.Theywerelargeinnumber
C.TheyhadsimilarpatternsD.Theywerecloselyconnected
29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2
A.ComplexB.Advanced
C.Powerful.D.Modern
30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent
A.About6,800B.About3,400
C.About2,400D.About1,200
31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext
A.Newlanguageswillbecreated.
B.People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.
C.Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.
DGeographydetermineslanguageevolution.
D
Wemaythinkwe’reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellaftertheygooutofstyle.That’sbadnewsfortheenvironment-andourwallets-astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.
Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthesedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife-fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestopusingthedevice.Thismethodprovidedareadoutforhowhomeenergyusehasevolvedsincetheearlyweregroupedbygeneration.Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-setTVsdefined1992.DigitalcamerasarrivedonthesceneinWP3players,smartphones,andLCDTVsenteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.
Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-roomtelevisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids’room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomofthehouse,”saidoneresearcher.Theaveragenumberofelectronicdevicesrosefromfourperhouseholdin1992to13in2007.We’renotjustkeepingtheseolddevices-Wecontinuetousethem.AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontributiontogreenhousegasemissions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.
Sowhat'sthesolution(解决方案)Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttheresearchersalsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatservemorethanonefunction,suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputersc
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