高中英语单元训练Unit 1 People of achievement能力提升附解析.docx
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高中英语单元训练Unit 1 People of achievement能力提升附解析.docx
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高中英语单元训练Unit1Peopleofachievement能力提升附解析
人教版2019选择性必修第一册
2020-2021学年高二英语单元测试定心卷
能力提升
I.阅读理解
A
Sharon,Age22
Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhengoingintohighschoolistobeyourself.Besides,Idon'tknowwhatyourmiddleschoolwaslike,buthighschoolteacherwillnotcareaboutthingssuchashowmuchhomeworkyoualreadyhaveinonenight.It'sbesttojustlearntodealwiththingsandmanageyourtimewiselysoyoucanachieveeverythingyouneedto.
Frank,Aged21
Ithinkalmosteverykidfeelsbothnervousandexcitedbeforetheirfirstday.Youwillprobablyloveit.Idid.Youshouldjoininsomesportsoractivitiesthatwillmakeyourhighschoolexperiencemoreenjoyable.Goodluck!
Eddie,Aged20
WhenIstartedhighschool,Iwasreallynervoustoo,especiallysinceIhadbeenhomeschooledallthroughmiddleschoolanddidn'treallyknowanyone.Isupposethebestadvicewouldbetojustrelax.Thefirstcoupleofdayscanbealittlebithard,butthingswillbecomeeasierbeforeyouknowit.
David,Aged19
I'mnotgoingtolie.Thefirstdayiskindfrightening.Butyou'llgetusedtoit.Don'tbeafraidofanyone;upperclassmenwillpickonyoumoreifyouletthemknowyou’reafraid.Justtakeiteasy.Makingsomefriendsandstayingwiththemwillgreatlyhelpyougetusedtohighschoolquickly.Afterthefirstweekit'sreallynotbadatall.Don'tworry.
1.WhatcanweinferfromSharonabouthighschool?
A.Teachersarequitestrict.
B.Studentsoftenstayupatnight.
C.Teachersprovidelittlecareforstudents.
D.Studentsshouldmakegooduseoftheirtime.
2.HowdidEddiefeelonhisfirstdayofhighschool?
A.Excited.B.Bored.
C.Relaxed.D.Worried.
3.Whomentionstheimportanceoffriends?
A.Frank.B.David.
C.Sharon.D.Eddie.
B
Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).
Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.
Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMcIntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).
ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,McIntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.
Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪).
Sincethe1930s,McIntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.
4.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.
B.TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.
C.ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.
D.TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.
5.Whichofthefollowingiswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?
A.Ecologicalstudiesofforests.
B.Banningwoodcutting.
C.Limitinghousingdevelopment.
D.Firecontrolmeasures.
6.WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMcIntyre?
A.Inadequatesnowmelt.B.Alongerdryseason.
C.Awarmerclimate.D.Dampnessoftheair.
7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.California’sForests:
WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?
B.CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoon
C.WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?
D.PatrickMcIntyre:
GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia
C
IfyouevervisitanEnglishvillage,makesuretolookoutformorrisdancing.UndoubtedlyoneofthestrangesttraditionsofEnglishculture,morrisdancingisaformoffolkdancingthatdatesbacktothe15thcentury.Ifyouevergettheopportunity,youreallyhavetoseeit.
Menandwomenwearingold-fashioned,shabby(破烂的)clothingdanceinthestreetsoftownsandvillagesacrossthecountryduringtheholidayperiods.Womenwearlongskirtsandmenwearshorttrouserswithbellsattachedtothem.Theydancetotraditionalfolkmusicwhichisoftenplayedontraditionalmusicalinstruments.
Somegroupscarryheavyblackstickswithwhichtheybeatagainsteachotherwhiletheydance.Othergroupswavehandkerchiefsintheairwhiletheyperform.Thedancesareusuallyperformednearapubsothatwhenthey’reover,thedancersandaudiencecansingsometraditionalfolksongsoverbeer.Thecelebrationswilloftencontinuelongintothenight.
MorrisdancingisagreatEnglishtraditionbutit’sfacingabigcrisis.Astheyearsgoby,fewerandfeweryoungpeoplearejoiningmorrisdancinggroups.Thedancersaregettingolderandolderandeventually,ifnotprotected,thetraditionwilldieoutwithinthenextfewdecades.
Ifyou’veeverhadthefortunetoseemorrisdancing,youmayunderstandwhyteenagersaren’trushingtosignup.Frankly,it’snotexactlythecoolestthingforan18-year-oldtodo.Whydressupinbellsandfunnycostumeswhenyoucouldbegoingcamping,playingsportsordoinganythingelse?
However,itwouldbeagreatshametolosesuchafunandlivelypartofEngland’shistoryandculture.Sohere’satoasttothenextgenerationofwould-bemorrisdancers!
Let’shopetheydon’tleaveittoolate.
8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Theoriginsofmorisdancing.
B.Thepopularityofmorrisdancing.
C.Theprotectionofmorrisdancing.
D.Theintroductionofmorrisdancing.
9.Whatdoweknowaboutmorrisdancers?
A.Theydanceinpubslateintothenight.
B.Theyperformwithsticksorhandkerchiefs.
C.Theywearlongdresseswithbellsattached.
D.Theysingfolkmusicwhiletheydance.
10.Whatisthepresentsituationofmorrisdancing?
A.Itislosingappealamongyoungpeople.
B.Itiskeepingpacewithpeople'sdemand.
C.Itiswitnessinggreatchangesinhistory.
D.Itisbeingcriticizedbymodernpeople.
11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutmorrisdancing?
A.Ithelpsstayhealthy.
B.Itisfunforteenagers.
C.Itdeservesmoreattention.
D.Itistooold-fashioned.
D
Plastic-EatingWorms
Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.
ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms’chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms’stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.
FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms’abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic."Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,"sheexplains,"Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond."
JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?
Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam’sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply"millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic."
12.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?
A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.
B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.
C.Theycanconsumeplastics.
D.Theywindupinlandfills.
13.AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.
A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdown
B.findoutthesourceoftheenzyme
C.confirmtheresearchfindings
D.increasethebreakdownspeed
14.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.
A.helptoraiseworms
B.helpmakeplasticbags
C.beusedtocleantheoceans
D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture
15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?
A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.
B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.
C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.
D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.
II.阅读理解七选五
Somepeoplemakeyoufeelcomfortablewhentheyarearoun
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