英语名校进华中学九年级第一学期一模备考冲刺讲义首字母S.docx
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英语名校进华中学九年级第一学期一模备考冲刺讲义首字母S.docx
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英语名校进华中学九年级第一学期一模备考冲刺讲义首字母S
进华中学2019年九年级第一学期一模备考冲刺讲义-首字母
课程主题
进华中学2019年九年级第一学期一模备考冲刺讲义-首字母
学习目标
1、把握该校过往考试动向及重点;
2、明确本次备考方向及注意点;
教学内容
Artificiallighting(人造光源)isspreadingfast.Theareaoftheplanetthatislitup(81)g________by9percentinfouryears.Ifthattrend(趋势)continues,thetotalilluminated(被点亮的)areawilldoublefromits2012levelwellbefore2050.
Thelightdisrupts(影响了)naturalday-nightcycles,harmingour(82)h________andnocturnalanimals(夜行动物,andfurtherobscures(模糊了)ourviewofthenightsky.
“Darkareasarebeinglostinplaceswherenocturnal(夜间的)animals,insectsand(83)p________haveadaptedto(适应)darknessoverbillionsofyears,”saysFranzHolkerattheLeibniz-InstituteofFreshwaterEcologyandInlandFisheriesinBerlin.
Holker,ChristopherKybaoftheGFZGermanResearchCentreforGeosciencesandtheircolleaguesusedsatellitedatatosee(84)c________inartificiallighting.From2012to2016,theareailluminatedandglobalbrightnessbothroseby2.2percentayear.Atthatrate.“Earth’slitareacoulddoublein32yearsfrom2012”,saysKyba.
Thebrighteningwasfastestinrapidlyindustrializing(迅速进入工业化的)countriesinAsia,AfricaandSouthAmerica.Light(85)p________wasmoreseriousinsomeheavilylitrichcountries,suchastheUS.“Thenumbersaretrulyshocking,”saysThomasDaviesattheUniversityofExeter,UK.
Amongtheculprits(罪魁祸首)areenergy-efficientLEDlights,broughtinto(86)c________greenhousegasemissions(排放).Becausetheyareso(87)c________,installation(安装)ofthislightingismoreaffordableanditisusedevenwherenotstrictlyneeded.
(试卷来源:
2016-2017学年上海市普陀区进华中学八年级上学期英语11月月考试卷)
一.首字母填空整体的解题思路:
1.通读全文(了解大意)是前提:
(1).审视主干(把控推断方向)
A.如果是记叙文,文章的主旨大意是什么?
每段的主旨句是什么?
(一般是首句或者尾句)每段的内容是围绕主旨句展开的。
要填空的句子内容由前后句内容决定。
B.如果是说明文或者议论文,先找出文章的论点是什么?
每段落分论点又是什么,同样每一段的首句或者尾句很可是分论点。
每段的内容是由分论点展开的。
(2).如何判断空格需要填什么词性呢?
【知识梳理1】
如何判断空格里的单词是名词呢?
1.空格在定冠词、不定冠词之后时,
2.空格在所有格前后,
3.空格在形容词或者形容词物主代词后,在介词后、动词后时,空格词都有可能是名词,
4.空格是句子的主语时,可能是名词或者动名词。
【例题精讲】
Howtouseyourrail-card?
Youcanuseitanytime:
weekends,holidaysorduringtheweek.Pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcontactarailwaytravelagentformorei_____85______.
(试题来源:
进华中学2018学年初三上学期10月月考试卷)
【知识梳理2】
如何判断空格里的单词是动词呢?
1、空格前有助动词出现,这也往往是某种时态或者是被动语态的信号,
2、空格前有情态动词时,
3、空格前有动词连接的不定式结构时,
4、复合句的主句和从句的(初中主要是宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)主语后面,
5、and或or等并列连词连接的两个句子时,某一个句子缺乏谓语时。
【例题精讲】
Whocanapply?
Anyonebetween16and25yearsofage.Youwillneedtoprovidesomethingtop_____82______thatyouareunder26.Forthis,onlyyourIDcard,drivinglicense,passportormedicalcardwillbeacceptable.
(试题来源:
2018学年进华中学初三上学期期中试卷)
【知识梳理2】
如何判断空格里的单词是形容词呢?
1.空格在名词的前面,修饰名词作定语时,
2.空格在be动词,感官动词等系动词后面作表语时,
3.空格在make等动词后做宾语补足语。
【例题精讲】
Ifarail-carddoesnothavetheuser’snamesigned,itwillbeconsideredinvalid(无效的).Nooneelsemayuseeitheryourrail-cardoranyticketsboughtwithit.Youwillberequiredtopaythef86priceoftheticketifyouareunabletoshowyourownrail-cardwiththeticketforacheckduringajourney.
(试题来源:
进华中学2018学年初三上学期月考卷)
【知识梳理3】
如何判断空格里的单词是副词呢?
1、在动词后面,用来修饰动词,
2、在整个句子之首,用来修饰整个句子,
3、在形容词之前,用来修饰形容词。
【例题精讲】
It’sacommonschooldayatSouthernCrossSchoolnearthefamousKrugerNationalParkinSouthAfrica.Teachersandpupilsdon’tsitinaclassroom.I81,theygothroughtheforestorsitunderthetrees.
(试题来源:
进华中学2019学年初三上学期期中考卷)
二.首字母填空具体解题方法:
【知识梳理1】前后句内容和逻辑关系推测中间句子的内容。
【例题精讲】
Owningadogisnotaseasyassomepeoplethink.Itneedsalotof.Youhavetotakeyourdogforwalksregularly,feeditandbatheit.
(试题来源:
进华中学2018学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理2】通过分析句式寻找逻辑关系
【例题精讲】
Ifthegrassiswetwithdew(露珠),thenyoucanexpectdryweather.Butifthegrassisdry,thenitwillbeofyoutotakeyourumbrella.
(试题来源:
进华中学2018学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理3】通过连词寻找逻辑关系
【例题精讲】
However,Edwardwasnotborntobeacarpenter.hehadafitbody,hedidn'thavestrongarmslikehisfather.
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理4】转换意思相近的词
【例题精讲】
Tropical(热带的)fishneedalotmorelookingafterandwilldietheyareinawarmtankwithanairpump(泵)
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理5】可有可无的词,多为副词,要考虑更细微的语意或逻辑关系
【例题精讲】
Fromtimetotimepeoplearetakenontotheplanebecausetheyareblind.
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理6】动词,名词,形词的变化。
【例题精讲】
Readingprovidedmewithescape,butitalsometounderstandtheworldaroundme.Itwasaneducationinaclassroomthathadnowalls.
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理7】分析文章结构----首尾段/上下段呼应
【例题精讲】
Thisisatruestoryofateenagecaughtinadeadlystorm.Hetostayalivebyusingtipsthesurvival(求生)TVshowstaught.
NocholashadoftenwatchedBearGrills'survivalshowManvs.Wild.That'swherehelearnedthetipsthathelpedhimsurvive.WhenGrillsheardaboutNicholasexperience,hesaiditwasreallyamazingthattheteenagerhadmadeit.Hetoldthereportersthatpeoplewouldlikelytomakebigmistakesiftheywerelostinadealystorm.
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
【知识梳理8】习惯用法
【例题精讲】
IntheUKinthelast30years,thepolicehavebeenquitesuccessfulinthenumberofpeoplewhodrinkanddrive.
(试题来源:
进华中学2017学年初三下学期首字母专题卷)
一.首字母单句练习
1.Heprovidedherwitho82toperform.JiaLingseized(抓住)thechancesshewasofferedandworkedhardtoimproveherskills.
2.Now,JiaLinghasbecomeoneofthetopcrosstalkperformersinChina.Sheistryingsohardthatcrosstalkcans86tomorepeople.
3.Indoorclimbingisagreatworkout(锻炼).Climbingusesmuscles(肌肉)thatarehardtoexercise,e85thoseintheshoulders,arms,chestandback.
(试题来源:
2017学年进华中学初三上学期期中试卷)
(出处:
2017学年浦东外国语学校初三上学期期中试卷)
二、首字母训练
Youliveinahousemadeofchocolate;youdon'thavetogotoschoolanymore.Howcouldalloftheseimpossiblethingshappen?
---inmydreams.
Adreamisa(81)sofpictures,ideasandemotionsplayinginthemindduringsleep.Humansspendonethirdoflifesleepingandsixyearsdreaming.Apersonusuallyhasthreetofivedreamsanight,althoughonemaynotrememberhisorherdreams
Manydreams,atleasttheonesweremember,are(82)sandinteresting.That'swhymostpeoplebelievethatdreamsmusthavesomedeepmeaningorimportantmessage.However,peopleindifferent(83)chavedifferentunderstandingsofthesamedream.Forexample,whendreamingoffire,Chinesepeoplethinkofmoney.TheJapanesewouldsayit's"trouble".ForpeopleintheWest,adreamoffiremeanssomethingnewiscoming.
Scientistshaveverydifferentopinionsaboutthedeepmeaningofdreams.Somebelievethatadreamisonlyanormalprocessofsleepanddoesn'ttellusanything.Otherscientiststhinkthatadreamisa(84)dmessagefromone'smind.Dreamsarelikeawindowintoone'sdesiresandfears.Forexample,ifyou'reverynervousaboutanexam,youmayhavenightmaresofmonsters(85)rafteryou.
Technologyalsohelpsustoknowmoreaboutdreams.InthefilmInception,peoplecanenterothers’mindswhiletheyaredreaming.Wellnow,outofthedreams,wecan(86)rdoit,too.Scientistscannow(87)rpeople'sdreamsbyscanningtheirbrainactivityduringsleep.Wouldyouletscientistslookintoyourdreams?
(选自2018-2019学年上海市普陀区进华中学九年级上学期英语期中试卷)
(出处:
2017学年上宝初中初三上学期12月月考试卷)
Onthebasisofthesituationofthevaricella(水痘)infectionofourcampus,andlastnight
oneofourstudentsalsohasdiagnosedwithvaricella.Thismorning,theschoolleadersheldameetingandidentifiedsometreatmentmeasuresasfollows:
1.Theonewhogotchickenpoxshouldhaveagood(81)r_athome.
2.Theotherstudentsintheclassareindividuallyseparatedinroom210,DonotgotoLocker
orother(82)pclassrooms.
3.UsethetoiletsonthesamesideofRoom210.Otherstudentsusetheonesonthe(83)
Oside.
4.TheclassteacherwillhaveclassinRoom210.
5.ThecanteenstaffwillbringlunchtoRoom210around11:
20.Studentsmustensurethat
thecleannessoftheclassroom.
6.Tomaintaineachclassroomventilation.
7.Eachofthestudentsandteacherstryto(84)wforself-protection.
8.Fillinaformabout"Haveyouhadchickenpoxbefore,orhaveyoubeenInjectedtheVaccine?
"...The(85)iwillhelpschoolshelpusmore.
9.Allthestudentsmustgohomeafterschoolintheafternoon.Somestudentswholivefarawaycanstayinthedormitory,Butinorderto(86)pcrossinfection,pleasedon'twalkaroundfrequently.
10.Large-scalecollectiveactivitiesshouldbecancelled.
Chickenpoxiscurable,sothereisnoneedforustopanic.Whatweneedispreventionand
self-protection.
Sorryfor(87)bsomuchinconvenienceandinterference.Weappreciateeverybody'sunderstandingandcooperation.Thankyou.
(选自2017-2018学年上海市普陀区进华中学九年级上学期英语期中考试卷)
(出处:
2017学年延安初中初三下学期期中试卷)
Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?
Peoplewhoarethinkingabout
adoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andifthey,are(81)i_______whenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itis(82)h_______probablethatthetwopetswillgetalongsmoothly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.
However,itwasn'tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereseenin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejust(83)o________,Forexample,
whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,(84)w_________adogdoingthesamesignalssubmission(服从).
Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivepeacefully,researchers(85)o______asurprisingbehavior.
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