英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究论文.docx
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英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究论文.docx
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英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究论文
AStudyofE-CColorTermCorrespondingTranslationStrategies
英汉互译中颜色词的非对应翻译策略研究
AbstractandKeyWords
Abstract:
Languageisthereflectionofculture.EnglishandChineseexistintwodifferentcultures,andhasitsownhistoryandsociety,livingenvironmentandexperiences,customsandreligions,andsoon.However,allofthesefactorsresultinthedifferentassociativemeaningsinsamevocabularyordifferentwords,inotherwords,theculture-loadedwords.InwesternandChinesesocieties,therearemanywordsorphraseswithsamewordmeaningbutdifferentassociativemeaningswhichcausedbyculturaldifferences.Infact,thedifferencesinassociativemeaningisactuallythegapbetweenculturalinformation.Aspeopleliveindifferentenvironmentswithdifferentculturalbackgroundandcustoms,forthesameobjectorthing,theyusuallyhavedifferentassociations.Thispaperanalyzestheinfluenceofculturaldifferenceoncolorassociativemeaningsanditstranslationfromperspectiveofvocabulary,throughcomparativeanalysisonassociativemeaningdifferencesinChineseandwesternculturesandtheinfluencesintranslation,thispaperpointsouttheimportanceofculturaldifferencesinassociativemeaningsandtranslationandthusputforwardsometranslationmethodsforsolvingtheseproblemsinculture-loadedwordtranslation.
Keywords:
comparativeanalysis;basiccolorterms;culturalconnotations;differences;reasons
摘要:
语言是文化的反映。
英汉两种语言存在于两种文化之中,因此它们有着各自的历史、社会、生活环境、生活经历、习俗和宗教等。
而这一切就导致了英汉两种语言中相同的词汇具有不同的联想意义,即文化负载词。
在西方社会和中国,有许多词汇或短语有着相同的字面意思,但却因为不同的文化而具有不同的联想意义.其实,联想意义的不同就是文化信息的鸿沟。
人们由于生活在不同的环境,有着不同的文化背景和习俗,对同一个事物通常都会有不同的联想。
本文通过对比分析不同文化间颜色词汇联想意义的差异,及这些差异对词汇翻译造成的影响,指出了注重这种差异的重要性,提出了解决由这些差异给翻译带来的问题的一些解决办法。
关键词:
比较研究;基本颜色词;文化内涵;差异;成因
CONTENTS
1.Introduction1
2.DefinitionofColorandBasicColorTerms1
2.1DefinitionofColor1
2.2DefinitionofBasicColorTerms1
3.ComparativeAnalysisofBasicColorTermsbetweenEnglishandChinese2
3.1Blackandwhite2
3.2RedandGreen3
3.3Blueandyellow3
4.ReasonsforDifferencesinAssociationsofBasicColorTermsinEnglishandChinese5
4.1GeographyLivingEnvironment......................................................................5
4.2DifferentReligion6
4.3NaturalandSocialBackground7
5.StrategiesforColorTranslationbetweenEnglishandChinese
5.1LiteralTranslation7
5.2LIberalTranslation7
5.3Amplification8
5.4Adaptation8
6.Conclusion9
Bibliography10
AStudyofE-CColorTermCorrespondingTranslationStrategies
1.Introduction
Theworldisfullofcolors.Therearebluesky,whitecloud,greentrees,redsunandsoon.Ourworldissoconnectedwithcolorsthatcolorsplayanimportantroleinourlife.Makeanexampleofthefollowingsentences:
"Mr.Whiteisaverywhiteman.Hewaslookingrathergreentheotherday.Hehasbeenfeelingbluelater.WhenIsawhim,hewasinabrownstudy.Ihopehewillbethepinkagain."ThisisaclassicdescriptioninEnglishusedtoexpresssensationsbyusingcolorterms.
Asapartoflanguage,colortermscarryalargeamountofculturalinformation,suchashistory,religion,andcustoms.Theyarerelatedtoalmostallaspectsofsociallivesandplayanimportantroleinculturalcommunications.Inthisthesis,theauthorintendstomakeacomparativeanalysisofcolortermsbetweenEnglishandChinese,findingtheirsimilaritiesanddifferencesinculture.Inthisway,culturalunderstandingandcommunicationwillberealized.
2.DefinitionofColorandBasicColorTerms
2.1DefinitionofColor
Indictionary,Coloristheelementofartthatisproducedwhenlight,strikinganobject,isreflectedbacktotheeye.Therearethreepropertiestocolor.Firstishue,whichsimplymeansthenamewegivetoacolor(red,yellow,blue,etc.).Thesecondpropertyisintensity,whichreferstothestrengthandvividnessofthecolor.Forexample,wemaydescribethecolorblueas"royal"(bright,rich,vibrant)or"dull"(grayed).Thethirdpropertyofcolorisitsvalue,meaningitslightnessordarkness.Thetermsshadeandtintareinreferencetovaluechangesincolors.
2.2DefinitionofBasicColorTerms
Accordingtothesurvey,oureyesareabletodistinguishsevenmilliondifferentcolors,andformostofthecolorswedonothaveanylinguisticexpressionsavailableatall.However,itisestimatedthatthereareoverthreethousandcolortermsinEnglishandmoreinChinese.Tocategorizeallthecolortermsisimpossible.Butgenerallyspeaking,colortermscanbedividedintotwocategories:
basiccolortermsandobjectcolorterms.Itisimpossibletodiscussthemonebyone,thusinthisthesis,thediscussionwilltakesomeofthebasiccolortermsas"black,white,red,yellow,greenandblue".
3.ComparativeAnalysisofBasicColorTermsbetweenEnglishandChinese
3.1BlackandWhite
Becauseofthespecialmaterialnature,blackmakespeoplethinkofdepressionandfreight.“Black”黑色hastheassociativemeaningof“EvilandBad”inbothEnglishandChinesecultures;InChina,sinceancienttimes,itmetaphorstheferocioussituationandcrueldominanceas乌云、黑暗、黑夜andsoon,forpeoplewhocannottelltherightandwrongorgoodpeoplesufferdamageis颠倒黑白;blackalsomakepeoplethinkofevil.Forinstance,inChineseculture,peoplecallsthecriminalgroupinto黑社会.Atthesametime,inEnglish,blackalsosymbolize痛苦、灾难bitteranddisasteranditisconnectedwithbadnessandevil.Forexample,ablackdayreferstoanunluckyday倒霉的一天.Black-heartedshows黑心的,blackmarketmeanstheexchangeofgoodsorsothatisforbiddenbygovernment.Blackgroundmeanspeoplewhosaysdirtywordsormeanandbullshit.黑钱referstomoneywhichcomesfromunclearwayswithoutpayingtaxtothegovernment.
InbothChineseandEnglish,blackisnotagoodword,becauseitisoftenassociatedwithdarkness.InChinese,wehavesuchexpressionsas"黑暗,黑压压,黑灯瞎火,黑漆漆",whileinEnglishsuchexpressionsas"blackfutureandblackout"."Blackfuture"referstotheslimhopeinthefuture.And"Blackout"referstoaperiodofdarknesscausedbyafailureoftheelectricitysupply.Allofthemareconnectedwith"darkness".
Inbothlanguages,"black"isacolorfullofsorrow,peoplehavethecustomofwearingblackclothesforperson'sdeath.Inthe14thcentury,therewasadeadlybubonicplagueinEurope,peoplenamedittheBlackDeath.Asaresult,theEnglishpeopleusingblackasthesymbolofdeathanddisaster.Inaddition,blackisalsoassociatedwithsadnessandmisfortune."Ablackdog"meansasadpersonand"inablackmood"meanslowspirited."Blackhumor"and"blackcomedy"alsocomefromthisconnotation,andtheyrefertoastoryoraplaythatisfunny,butshowtheunhappinessoflife.What'smore,"BlackFriday"referstoanunluckyday,becausetotheChristian,thisistheCrucifixion.InChinese,wearealsousingblackinthissense,suchas"黑色七月","黑色的心情".
InChinese,thecolorterm"黑"hassomespecialmeaning."黑"isusedtosymbolize"loyalty,impartiality".Forinstance,"黑脸包公"refersto"beingloyalandimpartial".InBeijingopera,blackfacialmakeupisthesymbolofcharacterswhoareuprightandimpartial,suchas"BaoZheng(包拯),LiKui(李逵)".
InEnglish,thereisanexpressionwith"black"expressingacommendatorysense.InbusinessEnglish,"intheblack"hasagoodmeaningofrunningabusinessprofitably.Theoppositeofitis"inthered",meaningrunningabusinessataloss.Thesetermscomefromthecoloroftheinkusedinkeepingaccounts;deficitisrecordedinredinkwhilesurpluswritteninblackink.
WhitehassomesimilarconnotationsinbothChineseandEnglish:
purity,brightnessandinnocence.WhiteisthesacredcolorinChristianism,becauseJesusandhisangelswearwhitedressinthebelief.InChinese,therearemanyphrasesof"white"connectedwithpurity,suchas"洁白,白璧无瑕".Nursesarealsocalled"白衣战士"becausetheirwhiteuniformslookslikeangels."white"and"白"alsohavethemeaningofinnocence.Ifsomeoneissaidtobe"white-handed",heorsheishonestorinnocent."Markone'snamewhiteagain"meansmakingsomebodyinnocent.Meanwhile,"清白,不白之冤"containsthesamemeaning."White"and"白"alsomeans"failure".Inawar,thelosingpartywillhanga"whiteflag"or"白旗"asasignofacceptingtheirfailure.
InChinese,"白"refersto"reaction".Forexample,"白色政权"meansthereactionarygovernment;"白军"referstothereactionaryarmy."白"isalsoreflectedinthetheatricalmakeupofBeijingopera,andsymbolizesthepersonwhoaresinister,craftyandevil,suchasZhaoGao(赵高)andCaocao(曹操).Inaddition,therearesomeexpressionssuchas"百搭,白费,白干",whichhasthemeaningofbearingnoresults.
InEnglish,"white"isconnectedwithpoliticsandgovernment,suchas"TheWhiteHouse"isthesymboloftheUSand"theWhiteHall"isastreetfullofgovernmentorganizationsand"whitepaper"referstothepaperissuedbywesterngovernments.What’smore,someexpressionswith"white"inEnglishhavetheirspecificmeanings.Forexample,"white"means"uselessness"in"whiteelephant".
3.2RedandGreen
Redisthecolorofblood,aswellasthesunandfire.Itisthesunandfirethatmadelifeeasierintheearlyperiodofhumanhistory.Thus,inbothEnglishandChinese,"red"and"红"areassociatedwith"dignity,love,beauty,happiness",andsoon.
"红"isthefavoritecolorinChina.IthasbecometherepresentativecolorofChinainthephrase"中国红".InChinese,"红喜事"referstowedding,birthandbirthdayandintheinternationalsportsgames,theChineseteamisusuallydressedinred.Thefollowingphrasesarerelatedtotheaboveconnotations:
"满堂红"referstothesituationofaperson
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