口述.docx
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口述.docx
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口述
第一章口述
1Theengineroom
(1)positionoftheengineroomonboard
(2)typeofmarinemachineryintheengineroom
(3)featureofmarinemachineryintheengineroom
(1)Formostcargoship,engineroomliesintheaftpartofship,itisbelowdeck.
(2)Therearemanykindsofmachineryintheengine,suchasmainengine,alternator,boiler,purifier,clarifier,oilwaterseparator,differentkindsofpumps,freshwatergeneratorandaircompressor.
(3)Themainengineisthemostimportantofalltheequipment.Itisusuallyatwostrokelowspeeddieselengine.Theprimemoversofalternatorsareusuallyfour-stroketrunkpistonengines.Thesteamonboardisproducedbytheboiler.Therearetwodistincttypesofmarineboilers,thefiretubeboilerandthewater-tubeboiler.
Exceptthedeckmachinery,mostofthemachineryisintheengineroom,sotheengineroomisalwaysregardedastheheartoftheship.
Intheengineroom,thelargestandmostimportantequipmentisthemainpropulsionequipment,inwhichthemainenginedrivesthepropellerthroughtheshaftsystemandthepropellerdrivestheship.
Therearetwoorthreegeneratorsetswhichsupplytheelectricpowerforotherequipment.Otherequipmentiscalledauxiliarymachinerywhichincludespumps,oilpurifier,oil-waterseparator,ventilationsystem,refrigerationsystem,airconditioningequipment,domesticwatersystem,donkeyboilerandpollutionpreventionsystemsetc.
2Ourenginedepartment
(1)introductionoftheimportanceoftheenginedepartmentonboard
(2)introductionofpersonneloftheenginedepartment
(3)descriptionofworkintheenginedepartment
Theengineroomisalwaysregardedastheheartoftheship.Itsuppliesthepropulsionpowerfordrivingtheship.
Therearefiveengineersandfourmotormenintheenginedepartmentonboardourship.
Wekeepwatchanddosomemaintenanceandrepairworktokeepthemachinaryingoodorder.Wekeepengineroomlogbook.Weareworkinghardtokeeptheengineroomtidyandclean,suchassweepingthefloor,removetheoilspilled,paintingpipesandvalveswithspecialcolorandsoon.
3Self-introduction
(1)Youreducationbackground
(2)Yourworkingexperience
(3)Yourfamily
MynameisLiming,Iwasbornin1990.IgraduatedfromGuangDongOceanUniversityin2008(withabachelor’sdegree)inmarineengineering.
Ihavebeenworkingonboardasafourthengineerforabout1year.
Iamnotmarriednow.Thereare3membersinmyfamily,myparentsandme,Ilovethemverymuch.Ihavegreatinterestinyourcompany.Hopeyoucangivemeachance.Thankyouverymuch.
4Yourdailyworkonboard
(1)Yourpositiononboard
(2)Yourdutiesduringwatchkeeping
(3)Yourexperience
Iamaforthengineeronboard.
Duringwatchkeeping,Ishallensurethatthemainpropulsionplant,auxiliarymachineryandsteeringgearareingoodorder.Ishouldmakesometourinspectionoftheengineroomandputdownallthefiguresintotheengineroomlogbook.Ihavetokeepeverythinginorder.Duringwatchkeeping,thebridgeordersmustbepromptlycarriedout.Anyabnormalparametersinrelationtotheequipmentshouldbepaidattention.
Ihavebeenworkonboardshipfor2years.Ilovemyjob.Ihavealotoffreetimeforreading.
5Watch-keepingintheengineroom
(1)Theengineerondutyworksfor4hourseachwatch
(2)Hehastokeepeverythingingoodorder
(3)Heisgoingtohandovertheshift
Whenashipisatsea,eachengineershouldkeepduty-watchfor4hourstwiceperday.Duringhisdutywatch,theengineermakessometourinspectionoftheengineroomandputdownallthe'figuresintotheengineroomlogbook.Hehastokeepeverythinginorder.Thebridgeordersmustbepromptlycarriedout.
Atthecompletionofthewatcheachmembershouldhandovertohisrelief,ensuringthatheiscompetenttotakeoverandcarryouthisdutyeffectively
6couldyouintriducyourself.
(1)what’syourname?
(2)wheredidyougraduate?
(3)whateducationdegreedoyouhavenow?
Mynameis**,Iwasbornin1990.
IgraduatedfromYantaiUniversityin2010(withabachelor’sdegree)inmarineengineering.
Ihaveabachelor’sdegreeinmarineengineering.Ihavegreatinterestinyourcompany.Hopeyoucangivemeachance.Thankyouverymuch.
第二章
1.Pleasedescribethedifferencebetweenthedieselengineandthegasolineengine
Themaindifferencebetweenthedieselengineandthegasolineengineinclude:
1)thecombustionmediumofadieselengineisdieseloilorfueloil,whilethatforagasolineengineisgasoil.2)thedieselengineisignitedthroughcompressionofhot,highpressureoil/airmixture,butthegasolineengineisignitedbyelectricalsparkplug.3)fordieselengine,theairandoilismixedinsidethecylinder,whileforgasolineengine,theyaremixedoutsidethecylinder.
2.XiaoWangisacadetofenginedepartment,whoisgraduatedfromShanghaiMaritimeUniversity.Howdoyouintroducealltheengineroomtohim.
First,Iwilltellthecadettheimportancetheengineroom.Second,Ishouldintroducethevariousmachineryandsystemsintheengineroom,suchasthemainengine,thealternators,boilers,pumps,oilwaterseparatorandsoon.Third,Iwillshowhimhowtooperatethevariousequipmentanddevicessafely,andintroduceasmuchsafetyknowledgeasIcan.
3.sameasquestionNo2.
4.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingaboutthedisposal(布置)oftheshaftinganddiesel.
Thepowerofthedieselengineistransmittedtothepropellerthroughthetransmissionsystem.Theitemsoftransmissionsystemincludevariousshafts,suchasthethrustshaft,oneormoreintermediateshaftsandtailshaft.Theseshaftsaresupportedbythethrustblock,intermediatebearingsandthesterntubebearing.Thepropellerconsistofabosswithseveralblades,.Thethrustistransmittedalongtheshaftingtothethrustblockandfinallytoshipstructure.
5.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingabouttheprobabilityofdisposalofmediumspeedandhighspeeddieselengine.
Thereisagearboxbetweentheenginesandtheshafting,sothedisposalofdieselengineisflexible.Whentheshipissailingatfullspeed,itneedsfourenginesrunning.Whentheshipissailingathalfspeed,itrequiretwoenginesrunning.Whiletheshipisoperatingatabout30%offullspeed,oneengineisenoughtomeetitspowerrequirement.Thatis,theshipcanbeoperatedwithsingleengine,doubleengines,orfourenginesaccordingtheloadcondition.Generally,whentheshipissailingatseaspeed,ithasfourenginesrunning,whileitapproachesthewharf,ithastwo.
6.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingaboutthestructureofthemainengine.
Thestructureofthemainengineisasfollows:
theconstructionmainlyincludebedplate,frame,cylinders,pistons,connectingrod,mainbearingandcrankshaft.Thecrankshaftrestsinmainbearingsbuiltintocrossgirdersofthebedplate.OnthetopofAframesthereisascavengingairbox.Thebedplate,framesandcylinderblocksaresecuredtogetherbylongtie-rods.Apistonconsistsofalowerpartcalledpistonskirtandanupperpartcalledpistoncrown.
7.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingaboutthestressstatusofthemovingparts.
Themovingpartsshownintheillustrationmainlyincludethepiston,theconnectingrod,andthecrankshaft.Theseareallcriticalpartsoftheengine.Accordingtothespecificconditionshowninthepicture,thepistonisundercompressionforce,theconnectingrodisundertensionstressandcompressionforce,whilethecrankshaftisunderthetorsionforces.
8.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingaboutthetypeofthepistonshapeinthedieselengine
Pistonscanbedividedintotwomainclasses:
thecrossheadtypepistonsandthetrunktypepistons.Thetopsurfaceofthecrossheadpistoncanbeflat,sunkenorconvex.Thepistonshownintheillustrationisthecrossheadtypepistonwithasunkensurface.Ithastheadvantageofincreasing theairturbulenceandimprovingtheoil/airmixingquality.Itsdisadvantageisthatthecylindervolumetricclearancewillbelarger.
9.Lookattheillustrationandsaysomethingaboutthetypesofpistonring.
Thepistonringsshownintheillustrationhastheshapeofrectangleortrapezoid.Someofthemareroundedontheexternaltoporbottomedges.Amongthesepistonrings, No.1andNo.2aresealingrings,No.3andNo.4arescraperrings,whiletheNo.5isadistributorring.Generally,eachpistonisprovidedwithfiveorsixpistonrings.
10.Pleasedescribethelubricatingmodeofmainengine
Largemarinedieselenginesofcrossheadconstructiongenerallyhavetwosystemsoflubrication:
atotallylosssystemfeedingthecylindersandacirculatingsystemlubricatingtherunninggearandcoolingthepistons.Oilissuppliedtothecylinderlinerwallandpistonringsbymeansofmechanicallubricators.Thelubeoiltothevariousmovingpartsenablestheformationofanoilfilmwhichreducesfrictionandwear.
11.Talkingabouttheworkingprincipleofpurifieraccordingtothepicturegiven
Theremovalofimpuritiesandwaterfromfueloilandluboilisveryimportantforthegoodworkingconditionsoftheengine.Thisisachievedbythecentrifugalpurifier.Whenthefuelispumpedintoanoperatingcentrifugethecentrifugalforcegeneratedcausestheheavierfractions(部分)suchassludgeandwatertobeforcedalongtheundersideofthediscstotheouterperiphery.Acylindricalinterfaceisformedbetweentheheavierfractions(water)andthelighterfractions(oil).Thelighterfractionisforcedinwardanduptothecleanoiloutlet.Theimpuritiescanbecollectedinthebowel,sludgespace,orinsomedesi
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