高一英语阅读理解社会文化技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx
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高一英语阅读理解社会文化技巧和方法完整版及练习题.docx
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高一英语阅读理解社会文化技巧和方法完整版及练习题
高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)技巧和方法完整版及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1.阅读理解
TherearelotsofwaystoeducateyourselfontheInternet.Youcanfindphotos,documents,andfilmsonalmostanytopicyoucanimagine.Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers.
TEDbeganin1984asaconferencethatbroughttogetherindividualsfromthefieldsoftechnology,entertainmentanddesign.Itwasintendedtobeaone-timeeventfocusingontechnologyanddesign.Theeventendeduplosingmoney,anditwassixyearsbeforethefounderstrieditagain.Thistimeitworked,andsince1990,theTEDconferencehasbeenanannualevent.Therearenowtwoheldeveryyear,withtopicsasdiverseasmusic,medicine,andmoney.Otherspecializedspin-offconferencesaddressnarrowerissues.
TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to"offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,"asthewebsiteputsit.ThecurrentversionofthesitewaslaunchedinApril2007,andcontainsvideosoftalksgivenattheTEDconferencesaroundtheworld.Thetalksaretranscribedintohundredsoflanguages.
TheTEDwebsiteisownedbytheSaplingFoundation,anonprofitdevotedtofosteringthespreadofgreatideas.TheSaplingfoundationacquiredTEDin2001.Sincethen,ithasbeenfocusingonusingTEDtobroadcastideasthatmightchangetheworld.
TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)foritshighticketprices(morethan6,000dollarstotal).It'sbeenaccusedbyafewpeopleofcensorshipfornotpublishingtheirtalks.Onecontroversialspeakerwasupsetaboutbeingcriticizedbytheconference'shostafterward.
Thecomplaints,however,seemtoberelativelyfewforsuchalarge,long-runningorganization.AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.
(1)Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?
A.ThecaseagainstTED
B.What'sonTEDtoday.
C.Prosandconsof.
D.WhatisTED
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
A.TheTEDconferencecameafterthesuccessof.
B.TwoTEDconferencesarenowheldeveryyear.
C.TEDtalksareavailableinmanylanguages.
D.TheSaplingFoundationowns.
(3)Fromthelasttwoparagraphs,wecaninferthat________.
A.itisacceptedtoallinvolvedthatsomeTEDtalksmightnotbepublished
B.thehostoftheconferenceisonewhoplaysasupportiveroletothespeakers
C.TEDiscriticizedforgivingspecialtreatmenttothewealthyorpowerful
D.thenegativecommentsonTEDgreatlyaffectsitsreputation
(4)Thisauthorprobablybelievesthat________.
A.TEDiselitist
B.TEDisbeneficial
C.TEDisn'timportant
D.TEDisthebestwebsite
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了TED以及它的历史发展。
(1)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段中的“Andat,youcanaccesslecturesbyartists,scholars,designers,techniciansandothers.”在,你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。
以及以下几个段落的内容,可知这篇文章的主题是“TED是什么”,故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“TheTEDwebsitecamefromadesiretosharetheconferenceswiththeworld,to‘offerfreeknowledgefromtheworld'smostinspiredthinkers,’asthewebsiteputsit.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望,用网站的话说,就是“向世界上最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。
可知,“TED大会是在网站成功之后召开的”这种表述错误,故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段中的“TED,ofcourse,isn'timmunetocriticism.It'sbeencalledelitist(精英)foritshighticketprices.”当然,TED也免不了受到批评。
它因其高昂的票价被称为精英主义;以及最后一段中的“AndaccusationsofelitismringhollowwhensomuchisgivenawayforfreeonTED'swebsite.”而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时,精英主义的指责就显得空洞了。
可推断出,TED因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评,故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Whateveritsfailings,TEDisasourceofinspirationalinformationforthosewhoseekitout.”不管它的缺点是什么,TED都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞人心的信息来源。
可推断出,这位作者可能认为TED是有益的,故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
FantasticFallFestivalsYouWon'tWanttoMiss
SeymourAppleFestival
AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!
Morethan15,000peoplefromallovertheregioncomeouttotakepartintheactivities,rangingfromdrawings,vendorbooths,food,applecontests,bike-decoratingcontests,andmore.
MarionvilleAppleFestival
ThepopularMarionvilleAppleFestivalishometocountlessactivitiesandevents.Thecarnival,ponyrides,andgameswillkeepthekidsbusy,whileadultswillenjoywatchingthepie-eatingcontestandbrowsingdozensofcraftvendorbooths.
HumansvilleFallFestival
TheHumansvilleFallFestivalmaybehostedbyasmalltownbutthatdoesn'tmeanit'slackingbigfun.Perfectforallages,thisfallfestivaliscelebratingits70thyearandwillprovidethreefulldaysoffun.Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.You'llalsofindfuncarnivalrides,talentedartisanssellingtheirgoods,andanamazingparadetowrapuptheeventonSaturday.
SouthsideFallFestival
TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.Enjoyacolorfulparadeandfloatcontest,deliciousfoodvendors,livemusic,karaoke,andmore.
FallIntoArtsFestival
Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.
(1)Whichfestivalsarefreeofcharge?
A. SouthsideFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.
B. SeymourAppleFestivalandSouthsideFallFestival.
C. HumansvilleFallFestivalandFallIntoArtsFestival.
D. SeymourAppleFestivalandMarionvilleAppleFestival.
(2)WhatmakesHumansvilleFallFestivalspecialthisyear?
A. FunactivitiesonSaturday.
B. Thedurationofthefestival.
C. Theareaofthehostingtown.
D. Musicians'liveperformance.
(3)FallIntoArtsFestivalisspeciallywelcomedby________.
A. movielovers
B. modernartists
C. visitorsofallages
D. familieswithkids
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了几个秋季的节日。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据SeymourAppleFestival部分中的“AdmissiontotheSeymourAppleFestivalisfreeandsoistheentertainment!
”可知,西摩苹果节的门票是免费的,娱乐也是免费的!
和SouthsideFallFestival部分中的“TheSouthsideFallFestivalisperfectforfamilycelebrations,withanalcohol-freeenvironmentandfreeadmission.”可知,此节日也是免费入场。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据 HumansvilleFallFestival部分中的“Thisyear'sfestivalwillfeaturelivemusicfromfantasticlocalmusicians,whichwilldefinitelymakeitdifferentfromtheonesinotheryears.”可知,今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色,使它有别于往年。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据FallIntoArtsFestival部分中的“Makesuretobringthekidsalongforthisfestivalthatcelebratesallthingscreative.TheFallIntoArtsFestivalfeaturesahostofkid-friendlyactivitieslikealegobuild,sandart,bubblestations,chalkthesidewalk,ajumphouse,andmore.Parentswillhaveplentytodoaswell,withanexcellentvarietyofartists,festivalfood,aminifilmfestival,andmuchmore.”可知,秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动,也有为父母准备的活动,故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息,结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Beingattractiveisn'tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday'sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,lowpayingjob.
Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.
Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforalessthandesirablejob.
Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeamanager,projectdirector,ITelite(精英).Inallexperimentswheretheywereasked,participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejobandmorelikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthemoredesirablejob.
MsLeesaid,"Intheselectiondecisionforanundesirablejob,decisionmakersweremorelikelytochoosetheunattractiveindividualovertheattractiveindividual.CoauthorDrMadanPillutlasaid,"Itisinterestingthatdecisionmakersconsiderothers'opinionsintheirdecisions.Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob."
Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohighleveljobs.
(1)Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofbeinga
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