湖南高考英语专题复习 任务型阅读含答案.docx
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湖南高考英语专题复习 任务型阅读含答案.docx
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湖南高考英语专题复习任务型阅读含答案
湖南高考英语专题复习任务型阅读(含答案)
一、高中英语任务型阅读
1.Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.
Ifyoushowerbeforebed,you'veprobablywonderedwhethersleepingwithdamphairisaproblem.Maybeyou'vehearditcouldmakeyousick,orthatitcandamageyourhairorskin.
What'sthetruth?
Let'saddressthe"itcanmakeyousick"mythfirst."________"saysDr.WilliamSchaffner,aprofessorofmedicine.Whilethisideapersists,Schaffnersaysitwaslongagodisproved.It'struethatyou'remuchmorelikelytocatchacommoncoldduringthewintermonths.Butthishastodowiththewaysrespiratory(呼吸的)virusesspread,hesays.
________ Illness-causingbacteriaandvirusesdon'tappearnaturally,andsoyou'renotgoingtomakeyourselfillbygettingyourpillowalittledampatnight,Schaffnersays.Butthereisapossibleexception.Someresearchhasshownthatpillows—especiallythosemadewithsyntheticmaterials—cancontainasthma-orallergy-triggeringmolds(哮喘或致敏菌)andfungus,whichtendtodowellindampenvironments,andsododustmites,saysDr.PayelGupta,aspokespersonfortheAmericanLungAssociation.
Guptasaysthere'snoevidencethatpeoplewhosleepwithwethairexperiencemoreallergyorasthmasymptoms.________ Butifyouwakeupwithastuffynose,itchyorwateryeyes,breathingproblemsorotherallergyorasthmasymptoms—orevenifyoudon't—youshouldwashyourpillowcasesandsheetsinhotwateratleastonceaweektoreduceyourexposuretoanypotentialirritants(刺激物).
Whenitcomestothehealthofyourhairandskin,theremaybeafewotherreasonstoworryaboutwethair."Generally,it'sthoughtnottobegoodforhairtosleepwithitwet,"saysDr.GeorgeCotsarelis,aprofessorofdermatology(皮肤病学),"________"
It'salsoworthnotingthatalmostanythingyoudotoyourhair—frombrushingandblow-dryingittocoloringitorexposingittothesun—candamageit.
A.Hence,anyconcernsaboutwethairaretheoretical.
B.Insomecases,wethairmayactuallybeahelpfulsleepaid.
C.Overtime,itcanleadtobreakages,aswellasalossofshine.
D.Theremaybesomemildrisksassociatedwithgoingtobedwithwethair.
E.Anotherwet-hairrumor(谣传)istheideathatharmfulbacteriawillcolonizeyourpillow.
F.Thisideaseemstofitintotheoldbitofcustomthatgettingyourselfchilledandwetwillcauseyoutocomedownwithacold.
【答案】F;E;A;C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍人们普遍认为湿着头发睡觉不利于健康,但是毫无科学依据,但湿头发睡觉对头发有不利影响。
(1)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Whilethisideapersists,Schaffnersaysitwaslongagodisproved.”可知,尽管这个观点仍然存在,但是很久之前就被证明是错误的,F.Thisideaseemstofitintotheoldbitofcustomthatgettingyourselfchilledandwetwillcauseyoutocomedownwithacold.“这个观点似乎和旧的观念相融合,这一观念认为感受到冷和湿润很可能会感冒”,承接下文,切题,故选F。
(2)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空后“Illness-causingbacteriaandvirusesdon'tappearnaturally,andsoyou'renotgoingtomakeyourselfillbygettingyourpillowalittledampatnight,Schaffnersays.”可知,致病病菌不会自然出现,因此,不用因为打湿了一点枕头就觉得会感冒,E.Anotherwet-hair rumor (谣传)istheideathatharmfulbacteriawillcolonizeyourpillow. “关于湿头发的谣言就是细菌会占满你的枕头”,后文对这个观点进行了反驳,切题,故选E。
(3)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Guptasaysthere'snoevidencethatpeoplewhosleepwithwethairexperiencemoreallergyorasthmasymptoms”可知,没有证据表明因为湿头发睡觉更有可能过敏或者风湿症状,A.Hence,anyconcernsaboutwethairaretheoretical.“因此,任何关于湿头发的担忧都是理论上的”,没有实际意义,开启下文,切题,故选A。
(4)考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
根据空前“Generally,it'sthoughtnottobegoodforhairtosleepwithitwet”可知,一般说来,湿头发睡觉对头发不好,C.Overtime,itcanleadtobreakages,aswellasalossofshine. “长时间这样的话,头发容易断,无光泽”,承接上文,切题,故选C。
【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上,着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
2.任务型阅读
Istoodattheedgeofthecliff.Thewindstungmyeyes,cuttingintomyskin.Dark-featheredbirdscircledtheair,swooping(俯冲)lowovertheoceaneverynowandthentocatchtheirdinner.Hundredsoffeetbelow,thedeepoceanbeatagainsttheroughsandyshore.Itookadeepbreath,fillingmylungswithexcitement—andatthesametime,fear.
Behindme,Iheardtherestofthecrewstarttomutter.IwasherefortheshootingofamovieasIwasoneoftheleadactorsinthefilmDangerousThings,andthisscenewasrightinthemiddleoftheclimax(故事的高潮).Itwasvitalthatthiswentright.
Thedirectorhadtalkedtomeaboutgettingastuntdouble(替身演员),butI'dpersuadedhimthatIcouldhandlethedive.I'dtakenadivingcourseafewyearsago,andI'dbeentakingswimminglessonssinceIwasfiveyearsold.IhadbeenprettyconfidentthatIcoulddothis—uptillnow.
Someonecalledout,“Ceria,youdon'thavetodothis!
Areyousureyouwanttodive?
”Itwasoneoftheproducers,CallieEvans.IknewIcouldn'tturnbacknow.Icouldn'tbeartoseethedisappointedlookonthedirector'sfacewhenhewastoldthatIcouldn'tdoit.
Atthatmoment,allmyfearsandworriesbrokefree.Theexpectationofadventureandvictoryseemedtomoveallthehesitation.Iswoopeddownwards.Theaironeithersideofmecutintomyextendedarms.Iknewthatthiswonderfulfeelingofflightwouldonlylastafewseconds,yettimeseemedtoslowdownsoIcouldhearthethrilledwhoopsofmycrewandaroundofapplausethatseemedtoechoinmypoundingears.
(1)Atthebeginning,howdidtheauthorfeelaboutwhatshewasgoingtodo?
(Nomorethan3words)
(2)WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2meaninEnglish?
(Nomorethan15words)
(3)Whywastheauthorthatconfidentindiving?
(Nomorethan10words)
(4)Whatwasthecrew'sreactionwhiletheauthorwasdivingdown?
(Nomorethan10words)
(5)Howdoyouliketheauthor?
Pleaseexplainwhy. (Nomorethan25words)
【答案】
(1)Shefeltexcitedandfrightened/fearful.
(2)Itwasimportantthatthescenewasproperlyshot.
Or:
(Becauseitwastheclimaxofthemovie),thedivemustperformsuccessfully/well.
(3)Becauseshehadtakendivingandswimmingcourses.
(4)Thecrewcheeredloudlyforher.
(5)Ithinktheauthorwasbraveandconfident,becauseshecouldovercomethefeartochallengeherselfandenjoysuccess.
Or:
Ithinkshewasbravebecauseshedidn'tchickenoutwhenfacingchallenges.
【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。
作者讲述了自己拍摄电影的故事。
(1)根据第一段中的Itookadeepbreath,fillingmylungswithexcitement—andatthesametime,fear.(我深深地吸了一口气,肺里充满了兴奋——同时也充满了恐惧)可知,一开始,作者对她将要做的事情感觉既兴奋又害怕。
考虑字数限制,故答Shefeltexcitedandfrightened/fearful。
(2)根据第二段中的IwasherefortheshootingofamovieasIwasoneoftheleadactorsinthefilmDangerousThings,andthisscenewasrightinthemiddleoftheclimax.(我在这里拍摄一部电影,因为我是电影《危险的事情》的主角之一,而这个场景正好处于高潮的中间)可知,因为这个场景正好处于高潮的中间,因此拍好这个场景是至关重要。
考虑字数限制,故答Itwasimportantthatthescenewasproperlyshot.Or:
(Becauseitwastheclimaxofthemovie),thedivemustperformsuccessfully/well。
(3)根据第三段中的I'dtakenadivingcourseafewyearsago,andI'dbeentakingswimminglessonssinceIwasfiveyearsold.(几年前我上过潜水课,从五岁起我就一直在上游泳课)可知,作者对潜水很有信心是因为她学过潜水和游泳课程。
考虑字数限制,故答Becauseshehadtakendivingandswimmingcourses。
(4)根据最后一段中的Icouldhearthethrilledwhoopsofmycrewandaroundofapplause(我能听到团队成员们激动的呼喊和掌声)可知,当作者潜水时,团队成员们激动的呼喊和鼓掌。
考虑字数限制,故答Thecrewcheeredloudlyforher。
(5)本题是开放性题目。
首先要表明立场,然后解释原因。
通读原文可知,作者是勇敢和自信的,因为她面对挑战时她没有退缩,克服恐惧,挑战自己,享受成功。
考虑字数限制,故答Ithinktheauthorwasbraveandconfident,becauseshecouldovercomethefeartochallengeherselfandenjoysuccess.Or:
Ithinkshewasbravebecauseshedidn'tchickenoutwhenfacingchallenges.
【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章,然后根据题目要求作答,注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。
在文章中找不到答案时,要完全理解句子,根据同义词,句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词,短语或者句子的词。
3.任务型阅读
HelpMigrantWorkers
Thereisnothinglikegoinghome.MoresoifitisfortheSpringFestivalfamilyreunion.Foramigrantworkeritperhapsmeansevenmore.Tobeabletosetoutonahomewardjourneywithmoneyfromayear'stoilinhispocketisthebestthinghecanthinkof.________ Theyhadtopresshardfortheirdefaultedpayments,thesalariesthatwerefailedtopayup.
About200millionmigrantworkersnationwidearesomethingleftbehindbyeconomicreformsandopeningupduetotheircontributionsinthepastthreedecades.Itisalmostimpossibletoimaginelifeintheseplaceswithoutthem.However,theystillformadisadvantagedgroup.Theirrightsareviolatedindifferentforms.Amongotherthings,unpaidsalariesarethemostpainfulofsuchviolationsthatarelikelytodriveamigrantworkertodesperateactions.________
________Theyhavetakenmeasurestopreventemployersfromholdingbackpaymentstothem.Yet,asthefinancialcrisisbitesdeep,somesmallenterprisesthatarestruckthemosttrytoreducetheireconomiclossesbylayingoffmigrantworkersorrefusingtopaythem.Soitisparticularlyimportantforgovernmentsatalllevelstodoanevenbetterjobinhelpingvillager-turned-workersrecovertheirunpaidsalariesbeforetheSpringFestival.
Itisgoodnewsthatquiteanumberoflocalgovernmentshaveorganizedspecialtaskforcestoconductinspectionsinthoselabor-intensiveenterprisestomakesuretheyhavepaidtheirmigrantworkersinatimelyandfairmanner.Constructioncommissionsinalmostallprovinceshavepublishedhotlinesforfarmer-turned-constructionworkerstolodgecomplaintsagainsttheiremployersforwithholdingtheirsalaries. ________ Butweneedtolookforsolutionsthatwillworkatalltimes.Weneedtoputinplaceamechanismthatwilleffectivelypreventemployersfromholdingbacksalariestoworkers.
A.Somehavereportedlyclimbedupchimneystojumptotheirdeathunlesstheygettheirdefaultedsalaries.
B.ItissomethingeveryChineselookforwardtoasthetraditionalgaladra
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