最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构.docx
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最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构.docx
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最新中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构
中考初中英语祈使句的五种结构
英语中,祈使句是简单句的一种,用来表达请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等语气语句。
1祈使句的类型结构
1)祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do(但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
Takethisseat.
Dobecareful.
否定结构:
Don'tmove.
Don'tbelate.
2)第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let的反意疑问句
a.Let's包括说话者
Let'shaveanothertry,shallwe/shan'twe?
=Shallwehaveanothertry?
b.Letus不包括说话者
Letushaveanothertry,willyou/won'tyou?
=Willyoupleaseletushaveanothertry?
否定结构:
Let'snottalkofthatmatter.
Letusnottalkofthatmatter.
2特殊祈使句的结构
1、no+名词或动名词
e.g.Nosmoking.不许吸烟
2、havedone
e.g.Havedonescoldinghim!
不要再责备他了
3、be+形容词或名词
e.g.Becareful!
小心
4、be+过去分词
e.g.Beseated,please!
请坐
5、be+现在分词
祈使句也可以有现在进行时
e.g.Don’tbeleaningoutofthewindow!
请不要将头伸出窗外!
6、do+祈使句
e.g.Dosaveus!
天哪!
7、与附加疑问句连用
e.g.Openthedoor,willyou?
(略缓和)
3否定式祈使句结构
否定式祈使句用法一般是在谓语动词前加donot或don’t(口语中),有时也可用never;若祈使句有主语,否定词don’t或never要置于主与之前,不可用donot。
例:
Donotcomeinunlessasked.非请莫入
Don’tmarryanobodylikeBill不要嫁给像BILL那样的人
Don’tyoubelieveit.绝不要相信它
Don’tyoueverforgetthelesson.你不要忘了这个教训。
(不能说donot)
Don’tyoufight千万不要打架
4let引导的祈使句结构
1、let的宾语可以是me,us,him,her,it,them或名词,但不能使you.letus不同于let’s;letus一般表示请求对方允许自己干某事,通常不包括对方you;let相当于allow,意为pleaseallowus;let’s通常用于提议,us包括对方you,比如Let’sgo。
2、let祈使句只能用在一般现在时,但可以有被动语态
Let’snotbeinsuchahurry.咱们不要那么匆忙
Letallthechildrenbewelleducated.让所有的孩子都得到良好的教育。
5无动词祈使句结构
一般来说,无动词祈使句用于某些口号,告示等。
虽为只言片语,却简单明了。
Patience!
耐心点
Danger!
危险
Poison!
有毒!
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1.阅读理解
Doyouwantajobintheholiday?
Justgoforit.First,youneedtoknowwhatkindofjobissuitableforyourageandinterest.
Ifyou're13to15.
Itseemsthatyoucan'tworkalmostanywhere,butyou'reprobablyallowedtocleanyourneighbours'carsorwalktheirdogs.
Thereisnolowestwage(工资)forchildrenunder16.
Bylaw,youcan'tworkmorethan35hourseachweekduringschoolholidays.Andyoucan'tworkbefore7a.m.orafter7p.m.
Ifyou're16or17.
Thelowestwagefor16-17yearsoldteenagersshouldbenolessthan7dollarsperhour.
Youcan'tworkinapuborbar,butyoucanworkinmanyotherplaces.
Bylaw,youcan'tworkmorethan40hourseachweek.
Whatjobsareoutthere?
Obviouslyyourchoicesarelimited(限制)bythefactthatyoucanonlyworkduringschoolholidays,butthefollowingsituationsarefine.
AtChristmas,mostshopsareshartofhands,soyoumayfindsomethingtodothere.Inantumn,there'salwaysfruitpicking. Itcanbeprettyhardwork,butitpaysreallywell.
Ifyou'remadaboutfootball,youcanchoosetoworkinasportsshoporhelpoutatalocalfootballclub. Nomatterhowmuchyouarepaid,youaredoingwhatyoulike.
(1)Intheschoolholidays,14-year-oldkids__________________.
A. canworkanywheretheywant
B. arenotallowedtoworkalone
C. can'tgotoworkatnight
D. canworkaslongas14hoursaday
(2)Howmuchcana16-year-oldkidbepaidatleastintwohours?
A. 21dollars.
B. 17dollars.
C. 14dollars.
D. 7dollars.
(3)Ifyouwanttocleancarsforothers,youshouldatleastbe_____________.
A. 16 B. 15 C. 14 D. 13
(4)Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementistrue?
A. notrightforchildren
B. tiringbutpayswell
C. betterthanotherjobs D. moreinterestingtogirls
(5)Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementistrue?
A. Ifyouare17yearsold,you'renotallowedtowalkthedogforyourneighbour.
B. Teenagerscanchoosetheirjobsaccordingtotheirinterest.
C. Fruitpickingpayswellbecausetherearefewerpeopletopickit.
D. Onlyfootballfanisallowedtoworkinafootballclub.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)C
(3)D
(4)B
(5)B
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
本文主要介绍在假期根据自己的年龄和兴趣,找到适合自己的工作。
(1)细节理解题。
由Ifyou're13to15. ...Andyoucan'tworkbefore7a.m.orafter7p.m.可知十四岁的儿童不能晚上工作,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
由 Ifyou're16or17.Thelowestwagefor16-17yearsoldteenagersshouldbenolessthan7dollarsperhour.16-17岁青少年的最低工资应不低于每小时7美元。
可知结合题干,两个小时就应该14美元,故选C。
(3)细节理解题。
由 Ifyou're13to15. Itseemsthatyoucan'tworkalmostanywhere,butyou'reprobablyallowedtocleanyourneighbours'carsorwalktheirdogs.可知想要为邻居清洗车,至少十三岁。
故选D。
(4)细节理解题。
由 Itcanbeprettyhardwork,butitpaysreallywell.可知累但报酬很好,故选B。
(5)细节理解题。
由 Ifyou'remadaboutfootball,youcanchoosetoworkinasportsshoporhelpoutatalocalfootballclub. Nomatterhowmuchyouarepaid,youaredoingwhatyoulike.可知青少年可以根据自己的兴趣选择工作。
故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解,首先通读全文,了解全文大意,其次分析问题,抓住关键词,在文中寻找相关信息,确定答案,最后再检查一遍,确保答案正确。
2.阅读理解
Ididsomethingwrongtoday.
Whileatthebeachthisafternoon.ImetaboycalledBobWetalkedalot.Hesaidthatitwasfunplayingonthecliffs(悬崖).ItoldhimthatIwasnotallowedtogonearthatplace(MumandDadhadalwaystoldmeitwasdangeroustoplaythere).Hecalledmeacoward.IwantedtoprovetohimthatIwasjustasbrave,soIagreedtogowithhim.
Wewantedtomakeourwaydowntoexplore(探索)thearea,soBobstartedtoclimbdownandIfollowedhim.Unluckily,somerockscamedownafterus.Oneofthemnearlyhitmyhead.Wecouldnotgetbackup.Weshoutedandshoutedforhelp,butforalongtimenohelpcame.Iwasreallyscared.Iwantedtocry.Then,weheardsomesounds.Someonehadheardus.Awomantied(系)aropearoundherselfwhileamanattheclifftopheldtherope.Shemadeherwaydowntosaveus.
Myparentswererelieved(宽慰的)thatIwasunhurt,buttheywereangrythatIhaddonesuchariskything.IapologizedandpromisedthatIwouldnotdoanythinglikethatagain.
(1)WheredidthewritermeetBob?
A. Atschool
B. Inthepark
C. Atthebeach
D. Onthecliffs
(2)InParagraph2.“acoward”means______.
A. apersonwhoisnotbrave
B. apersonwhoisnotclever
C. apersonwhoisnotstrong
D. apersonwhoisnotpolite
(3)Whathadthewritersparentsalwayswarnedhimabout?
A. Thewindwasverystrong.
B. Thebeachwastoofaraway.
C. Thecliffswerenotasafeplace.
D. Bobwasdifficulttogetonwith.
(4)Putthesentencesintherightorderaccordingtothepassage.
a.Somerockscamedown
b.ThewriterfollowedBob
c.Thewriterwantedtocry
d.Amanandawomansavedthem
e.ThewriterandBobheardsomesounds
A. a-b-c-d-e
B. b-a-c-e-d
C. a-c-b-e-d
D. b-c-a-e-d
(5)Howdidthewriterfeelaboutwhathehaddone?
A. Surprised
B. Excited
C. Glad
D. Sorry
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
(5)D
【解析】【分析】本文主要是叙述了作者的一次冒险经历,并为此而感到难过。
并表示再也不做那样冒险的事情了。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第二段第一句Whileatthebeachthisafternoon.ImetaboycalledBob可知作者在沙滩上遇见Bob,故选C。
(2)推断题。
根据下句IwantedtoprovetohimthatIwasjustasbrave,soIagreedtogowithhim我想向他证明我也一样勇敢,于是我同意和他一起去。
可推断出Hecalledmeacoward他称我.是“不勇敢的人”,故选A。
(3)细节理解题。
根据MumandDadhadalwaystoldmeitwasdangeroustoplaythere父母总是告诉我在那里(悬崖)玩是危险的,可知悬崖不是一个安全的地方,故选C。
(4)通读第二段可知作者跟随Bob去探索海洋,(b)一些石头下来了(a),他们回不去了,大声呼救,作者害怕了想哭(c),然后听到了一些声音(e),一个男士和一个妇女救了他们(d)。
故选B。
(5)推断题。
由开头Ididsomethingwrongtoday.我今天做了一件错事。
和结尾buttheywereangrythatIhaddonesuchariskything.IapologizedandpromisedthatIwouldnotdoanythinglikethatagain但是他们对我所做的这样一件冒险的事情而感到生气,我道歉并保证再也不做那样的事情了。
得知作者对自己所做的事情感到难过。
故选D。
【点评】考查学生的阅读理解能力。
首先读懂文章,根据问题在文章中找到依据,非常容易能选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
IamWilson.MysisterandIspentoursummerholidayswithourunclethisyear.Heisageologist(地质学家)andlovestocollectstones.
Oneday,heboughtustwobackpacksandaskedustogotothemountainwithhim.Wewalkedthewholeday.Everynowandthenheputstonesinourbackpacks.Tooursurprise,healsotooksomestonesoutfromthem.Butwethoughthehadjustfoundbetterstones.
Whenwereturnedtothehouse,wewereverytired.Thebackpacksweresoheavythatwefeltgreatrelief(轻松)whenwetookthemoff.Yetouruncle'sbackpackwashalfempty.
“Whydidyougiveussomanystones?
”weasked.
“Ididn't.Youdid,”hesaid.“Youdidn'tknowit,butIgaveyoualittleattitudetesttoday.Ilistenedtoeverywordyousaid.Wheneveryouwerecomplaining,Iaddedastonetoyourbackpacks.Wheneveryoutalkedaboutsomethingwithpositivethinking,Itookoutastone.Andnowlookatyourbackpacks.”
Ourbackpackswerefullofstones.
“Yournegativethoughtsarejustlikestones.Youcarrytheminyourmindjustlikethosestonesinyourbackpacks.Themorenegativethoughtsyouhave,theheavieryourmindwillbe,”saidouruncle.
Withgreatlove,ouruncletaughtusoneofthemostimportantlessonsinlife—thepoweroftheattitude.
(1)WheredidWilson'suncleaskWilsonandhissistertogo?
A. Tothemountain.
B. Totheseaside.
C. Tothecountryside.
D. Totheforest.
(2)WhatdidWilsonthinkwhenhisuncletookoutsomestonesfromhisbackpack?
A. Hethoughthesaidtoomanywordsontheway.
B. Hethoughthisunclehadfoundbetterstones.
C. Hethoughthisunclewantedhimtofeelrelaxed.
D. Hethoughthehadtalkedaboutsomethingpositive.
(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertointhepassage?
A. Thestones.
B. Thebackpacks.
C. Thepositivethoughts.
D. Thenegativethoughts.
(4)Whatcanweknowfromt
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