专题13 状语从句解析版.docx
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专题13 状语从句解析版.docx
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专题13状语从句解析版
2021高考英语语法【状语从句】易错点30题精讲练解析版
专题十三状语从句易错点集锦
一.时间状语从句的易错点
连接词
用法
例句
when,while,as
when既可表示时间段,也可表示时间点,表示主句和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作先于主句的动作发生
Whenshecamein,Istoppedeating.
WhenIlivedinthecountryside,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.
while强调主从句的行为或状态同时发生或存在,从句用延续性动词
Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.
as通常和when通用,另外它还表示“随着······,一边······一边······”
Youcanfeeltheairmovingasyourhandpushesthroughit.
Ourheadmasterlaughedasshespoke.
before
表示“在······之前,还未······就······,还没来得及···就···”
Einsteinalmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.
MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.
Theyhadnotbeenmarriedforfourmonthsbeforetheyweredivorced.
Itwillbe/was+时间段+before表示“多久之后才······”
Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.
since
since从句中的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词用完成时
IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.
用在“Itis+时间段+since...”中,表示“自从······以来已经多长时间了”;since从句中的动词如果是延续性的,则理解为“某一动作已经结束多久了”
Itisthreeyearssincehebegantosmoke.
Ithasbeen/isthreeyearssincewemetlasttime.
until/till
用于肯定句,表示主句谓语动词的动作一直持续到某一时间为止
Weshallwaituntil/tillhecomesback.
Everythingwentwelluntil/till.thataccidenthappened.
用于否定句,构成not...until句型,意为“直到······才·····”
Ididn'tgotobeduntil-Ifinishedmyhomework.
Ididn'tleaveuntil/tillshecameback.
notuntil置于句首,主句用部分倒装语序
NotuntilshestoppedcryingdidIleave.
用于强调句型:
Itis/wasnotuntil...that...
Itwasnotuntilthemeetingwasoverthathebegantoteachme
after
...之后
Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome
once
一旦...
Onceyoustart,youwillnevergiveup.
whenever
无论何时
Youarealwayswelcomewheneveryoucome.
assoonas,immediately,instantly,directly,
theminute/moment
充当连词引导时间状语从句,表示主从句的动作同时发生,意为“一··就···...”
AssoonasIreachCanada,Iwillringyouup.
Theyphonedherimmediatelytheyreachedhome.
Hesaidhe'dturnonTVthemomenthegothome.
nosooner...than,hardly/
scarcely...
when
意为“刚......就......",nosooner,hardly,scarcely后用过去完成时,than,when后用一般过去时;nosooner,hardly,scarcely置于句首时,主句要部分倒装
Hehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenhefeltasofttouchonhisshoulder.
Hehadnosoonerarrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney.
Nosoonerhadthesunshownitselfabovethehorizonthanhegotoutofbedtocommencework.
HardlyhadIsatdownwhenhesteppedin.
eachtime,everytime,anytime,thefirst/lasttime
用作连词,引导时间状语从句,分别意为“每当·.....”,“每次······”,“任何时刻”,“第一次/上一次·····.”
EachtimehecametoHarbin,hewouldcallonme.
YougrowyoungereverytimeIseeyou.
Bythetime
表示到某一时间为止,主句要用完成时
Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.
Bythetimeyoucomeheretomorrow,Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.
二、原因状语从句易错点
连接词
用法
例句
because
because用来回答why的提问,表示必然的因果关系,语气最强;强调句式中强调原因状语时常用because引导
Youshouldn'tgetangryjustbecausesomepeoplespeakillofyou.
Itisbecausewearedifferentthateachofusisspecial.
since
since侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已为人知的理由,意为“因为,既然”;语气比
because稍弱,常置于句首
Sinceyouarefreetoday,youhadbetterhelpmewithmymathematics.
as
as较口语化,往往是明显的原因,只是对结果的附带说明,常置于句首
Asitisraining,you'dbettertakeataxi.
Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.
nowthat
nowthat与since同义,更加突出事实,置于句首时that可省略
Now(that)youaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.
inthat
既然;因为
I'mluckyinthatIhave4sisters.
三、让步状语从句易错点
连接词
用法
例句
though/
although
though/although不能与but连用,但可与yet,still连用;though引导让步状语从句时,从句部分可用倒装语序
Although/Thoughhewasexhausted,(still)hekeptonworking.
Thoughheisaboy,helikestoplaywithgirls.
=Boyas/thoughheis,helikestoplaywithgirls.
as
as引导让步状语从句时,从句部分要用倒装语序“adj./adv./n./v.+as+主语+谓语”结构,单数名词前不用冠词
Hardasitisraining,I'mgoingoutforawalk.
Tryashemight,hestillcouldn'tliftthebigstone.
evenif/
though
即使;虽然;纵然,表示语气较强的让步
We'llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.
while
虽然;尽管
WhileIlikethestyleofthecoat,Idonotlikeitscolour.
WhileIlikethecolour,Idon'tliketheshape.
whether...or..
不管......还是......
You'llhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.
Wewillbeginourpartywhetherhecancomeornot.
疑问词-ever/
nomatter+疑问词
“疑问词-ever”与“nomatter+疑问词”引导的让步状语从句,意为“不管···,无论···
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
其他
ifany,ifever,ifatall等与seldom,few,little,rarely等表示否定意义的词连用时,含有让步意义
Sheseldom,ifever,goestothepictures.
Therearefew,ifany,mistakesinthebook.
四、目的、结果、地点、条件、方式和比较状语从句的易错点
连接词
用法
例句
目的状语从句
sothat,inorderthat
从句中谓语常含有may,might,can,could,will,would等情态动词,当从句与主句主语一致时,可以把从句转换成不定式
Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
Sayitlouder(so)thateveryonecanhearyou.
Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.
incase,forfearthat,lest
引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用“(should)do”形式
Hewrotethenamedownforfearthathe(should)forgetI.
Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.
Iamtellingyouthatlestyou(should)makeamistake.
结果状语从句
so/such......that...
表示“如此······以致于······”,引导结果状语从句;so修饰形容词或副词,such修饰名词,so或such放句首时,主句部分倒装
Soexcitedwashethathecouldnotfallintosleep.
Heissuchanhonestpersonthatallhisteacherslikehim.
地点状语从句
where,wherever
where,wherever引导地点状语从句,可以指具体地点或抽象地点含义
Wemustcampwhereverwecangetwater.
Wherethereisnorain,farmingisdifficultorimpossible.
可以引导条件状语从句,表示主句成立的条件
Ifyoufailintheexam,youwilllethimdown.
Unlessitrains,thegamewillbeplayed.
Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.
Supposingsomethingshouldgowrong,whatwouldyoudothen?
Hewon'tbeagainstusinthemeetingprovidedthatweaskforhisadviceinadvance.
Solongasyou'rehappy,Iwillbehappy.
Mathsiseasytolearnonceyouunderstandtherules.
条件状语从句
if,unless,
once,when,as,
solongas,
onconditionthat,provided,
providingthat,assumingthat,supposingthat等
当条件句所假设的是不可能实现的条件,或是与事实相反的条件时,主句和从句中的谓语动词都需要使用虚拟语气
IfIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.
IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic.
Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow,Ishould/wouldtalktohim.
as,asif/though等可以引导方式状语从句,表示主句动作发生或存在的方式或方法
Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.
Itlooksasiftheweathermaypickupverysoon.
方式状语从句
as,asif/though
asif/though引导的方式状语从句若与事实相反,要用虚拟语气
Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif/thoughtheyneverexisted.
Helooksasif/thoughhehadbeenhitbylighting.
theway
像······一样
PleasepronouncethewordthewayIdo.
其他
AistoBwhatCistoD意为“A第对B而言,正如C对D一样”,是一个固定句型
Airistouswhatwateristofish.
Nineistothreewhatthreeistoone.
比较状语从句
as/so...as...
用于同等程度的比较,否定句用notso/as...as...
Theworkdidnotgososmoothlyaswehoped.
as,than
as/than连接的比较状语从句常常省去同主语相同的部分,只留下相比的部分
Steelismoreusefulthaniron(is).
状语从句的时态
在时间和条件状语从句中由一般现在时代替一般将来时
I'llgowithyouifyouarefreetomorrow.
Whenthemanagercomeshereforavisitnextweek,I'lltalkwithhimaboutthis.
As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.
状语从句的省略
表示时间、条件、让步、方式等的状语从句中,如果谓语含有动词be,主语又和主句主语一致,或其主语是it时,可将主语和be动词一起省略
Though(itis)cold,hestillwearsashirt.
Unless(youare)here,youcan'tfindthiskindofplants.
When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.
ifpossible/necessary/so也运用了省略形式
If(itis)so,youmustgobackandgetit.
If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.
2021高考英语语法【状语从句】易错点对点训练30题
I.高考真题诊断·单句语法填空
1._______youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.
2.Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople_______youfigureitout.
3.Located_______theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.
4.Themotherpandaheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes._______itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.
5._______somepeoplearemotivatedbyaneedforsuccess,othersaremotivatedbyafearoffailure.
【答案详解】
1.Unless解析:
句意:
除非你睡得很好,否则一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力,无法做计划,也无法保持干劲了。
根据语境可知,此处考查条件状语从句,unless=if...not意为“除非···,如果不···”
2.until/till解析:
句意:
如果你无法理解某个东西,你可能会研究、学习和与他人探讨直到你弄明白为止。
空处引导让步状语从句,意为“直到······为止”,故填until或till.
3.where解析:
句意:
位于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处,江苏将对“一带一路”的建设贡献更多。
空处引导地点状语从句,且在从句中作地点状语,故填where.
4.When/If解析:
根据语境可知,when(当······时)和if(如果)用在此处都合适。
句意:
当它哭的时候/如果它哭了,熊猫妈妈会来回摇晃它,轻轻拍打,给它安慰。
5.While/Though/Although解析:
句意:
尽管一些人被成功的需求所激励,但也有人被失败的恐惧所激发。
while/though/although引导让步状语从句。
II.精选典题状语从句专题对点训练·单句语法填空
7.InatalkatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,ZuckerbergspokeChinesefora-bout30minutes._______hisChinesewasfarfromperfect,thestudentscheeredhiseffort.
8.Iwas______touchedthatIcouldn'tsleepthewholenight,andthoughtaboutbeingateacherinthefuture.
9.Theseyoungpeoplearenotsuitableforsuchasimplejobinanoffice______theyareadventurousandcreativeinnature.
10._______theInternetisbridgingthedistancebetweenpeople,itmayalsobebreakingsomehomesorwillcauseotherfamilyproblems.
11.Itwasn'tlong_____Ilearnedhowtodeveloprespectfulrelationshipswithmybossesandwhattoneofvoicetousewithkids.
12.Researchershavefound,intheirexperiment,thatababy'scriescancauseuniqueemotionalresponsesinthebrain,makingitimpossibleforustoignorethem______weareparentsornot.
13.Thesong“Atlittlebitlonger”byNickJonasis______anemotionalandinspiringsongthatwheneverIhearit,Ialwayscomeclosetodroppingdowntears.
14.______thewedding
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