被动语态非谓语.docx
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被动语态非谓语.docx
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被动语态非谓语
PassiveVoice被动语态
英语动词有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
人常是执行者,所以被动句多是物做主语,因此科技文章,说明文用被动语态•
1.要点提示:
被动语态由“be+过去分词”构成。
2.“主动变被动很简单,及物动词方有缘;宾变主来主变宾;谓语至少
二部分;过去分词永不变,时态人称be体现”(记熟过去分词PP!
!
!
)
被动语态的形式
be+PP
一般现在时(必会用)
am/is/are+PP
一般过去时(必会用)
was/were+PP
现在进行时
am/is/arebeing+PP
过去进行时
was/werebeing+PP
现在完成时
have/hasbeen+PP
过去完成时
hadbeen+PP
一般/过去将来时
will/wouldbe+PP
含有情态动词的(必会用)
Can/may/must/should等+be+PP
用动词show的被动语态填空
1).1knowanewfilmatthecinemaeveryweek
.2).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemalastweek.
3).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemaatpresent.
4).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemaateightlastnight
5).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemarecently
6).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemabytheendoflastweek
.7).Iknowanewfilmatthecinemaintwodays
8)knewanewfilmatthecinemawhilewewerestandinginlinefor
tickets.
9)knewanewfilmustatthecinema.
用法指南
1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁时
Isthisroomcleanedeveryday?
Howwasitinvented?
2)表示“据说”、“据报道”等意义的句式
Itissaidthattheboyisonly5yearsold.
记一记:
It'sbelieved/known/reported/said/discoveredthat等。
3)视情况不同,“by+名词或代词”可以省略,主语是who时,不可以省略。
Whoteachesyouchemistry?
Bywhomischemistrytaughttoyou?
Whoischemistrytaughtby?
4)“主—谓—双宾语(间接宾语—直接宾语)”结构的主动句变为被动句时,可有两种形式:
一种是以间接宾语(人)作主语,另一种是以直接宾语(物)作主语
Theyofferedhimsomemoney.
Hewasofferedsomemoney(bythem).
Somemoneywasofferedtohim(bythem).
Iboughtherapairofshoes.
Shewasboughtapairofshoes.
Apairofshoeswasboughtforher.
注意:
”物”变为主语时,“人”前经常要用介词to,for
5)“主-谓-宾-宾语补足语”结构的主动句变为被动句时
Theytoldthechildrentostayintheclassroom.
Thechildrenweretoldtostayintheclassroom.
Youcanfindariverlyingoverthere.
Arivercanbefoundlyingoverthere.
Wemustkeeptheroomclean
Theroommustbekeptclean.
注意:
(see/notice/watch/hear/help/make/have)不带
改为被动语态时,要将to还原。
Somebodysawhimtakeawaythebox.
Hewasseentotakeawaythebox.
Whydoyoumakehimworkdayandnight?
Whyishemadetoworkdayandnight?
来引导
,宾补变成主补
to的不定式作宾补,
6)含有短语动词的主动句变为被动,要把短语动词看成一体,保留其中的介词或
副词
Everybodylaughedathim.
Hewaslaughedatbyeverybody.
Youmustpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.
Yourpronunciationmustbepaidattentionto.
7)咅E分状态词无被动have;cost;belongto;fit;suit;agreewith
8)部分v.i词用主动代替被动:
sell,wear;writewashwell
Thepenwriteswell
Thepantswasheswell.
Theshoeswearwell
Thecarsellswell.
初中英语被动语态练习
1.Oneortwoman-madesatellitesinourcountryevery
year.(sendup)
2.It(say)ourTVsetyesterday.(repair)
3.HowtheGreatPyramid(金字塔)manyyearsagowithout
modernmachines?
.(build)
4.ManybooksonscieneesinceIwenttocollege.(read)
5.AwonderfulEnglishtalkbyMrLiutomorrow.(give)
6..MrLi,youonthephone.(want)
7IthinkthecomputerineveryfamilybeforeIong.(use)
8.theworkyet?
(finish)
9.ThismathsproblemcaneasilyoutbylittleTom.(work)
10.ThiskindofcarinJapantenyearsago.(canmake)
11.Oneyearintofourseasons.(divide)
12Hemuchbettertoday.(feel)
13.Thebearmusttothezootomorrowmorning.(send)
14..Abookshouldmorethanonceifyouwanttounderstanditbetter.(read)
15ThemeetinginRoom302soon.(hold)
16.Suchcarswell(sell)
17“Mustthetexttoday?
”askedTom(copy)
18Inthepasttenyears,alotofnewbuildingsinourcity.(putup)
18Youcan'tgobikeridinguniessthehomework(do)
A.Has…finished
B.HasbeenTinished
CWas-
•finishedD.Has
beenfinished
19Alotofbooks
inourlibrary.
A.iskept
B.arekept
C.iskeeping
D.arekeeping
20.Don'tgoin.Yoursoninsidetheroom.
A.isoperatedon
B.isbeingoperatedon
C.operateson
D
hasbeenoperated
21.Foodandclothes
bywomen.
D.oftentalkedabout
22.ThebabywhenMotherwasout.
A.
C.iswelllookedafterD.
welllookedafterB.waslookedwellwaswelllookedafter
24.
Joansaidthewalletinnotime.
D.wouldbehanded
25.Jackoftendoesthingsfoolishly,sohesometimesbyothers.
A.is…laughedB.is…laughedatC.was•••laughedD.
has…beenlaughedat
26.Rubbishbutcollectedandrecycled(回收)intousefulthings
A.isnotnowgivenB.willnotnowgivenC.doesn'tnowbegiven
D.isnownotgivenup
27Peoplehavecometoknowthattheirhealthmust.
A.paymoreattentiontoB.bepaidmoreattentionC.bepaidmore
attentionto
28WhenthePeople'sRepublicofChina?
A.did•••foundB.was•••foundC.was…血门dedD.
did…find
29.Abeautifulpicturethechildrenbytheteacherintheclassroom.
D.wasshownto
seento
32.AnewbikeTomtomorrow.
C.waslentto
D.islentto
33.SomeeggsandaglassofmilktheFrenchman.
D.hasbeenbrought
34Thepaperforbooksandnewspapersfromwood.
beenmade
35..Asongtheguestsbythefamoussingernow.
A.issungto
B.isbeingsungfor
C.isbeensungtoD.
isbeingsangfor
36.Picturesthepeopleintheparkeveryday.
A.aredrawnforB.aredrawntoaredrawto
37.Jack
answerthequestioninFrench.
A.askedto
B.wasask
C.wasasked
D.was
askedto
38.Theguards
searchtheyoungman.
A.weeordered
B.wereorder
C.wereorderedto
D.
orderedto
39.MrBrown
takethemedicinetwiceaday.
A.hastold
B.hasbeentoldto
C.hasbeentold
D.
hasbetoldto
40.TheBrowns
leavethehotelalready.
A.hasbeenseen
B.havebeingseen
C.havebeenseento
D.
havebeseento
41.Thethieves
stealoutoftheshopinahurry.
A.werenoticedto
B.isnoticedto
Chave
been
noticed
42.Theboys
copythenewwordstentimesbeforetheywenthome.
A.weremake
B.weremadeto
C.weremakedto
D.
wasmadeto
43.Aman
cryforhelplastnight.
A.washeardto
B.washeard
C.washearto
D.
heardto
44.Mary
domorningexercisesontheplayground.
A.sawto
B.wassawto
C.wasseento
D.was
seen
45.
TomwatchTVafterhefinisheshishomework
allowedto.
46.NowLittleJackdrawapictureofabird.
47.AletterTomandwillbepostedtomorrow.
D.hasbeenwritten
48.Greatchangesinthevillagesincethen.
D.weretakenplace
49.InthelastfewyearsBeijinggreatly.
C.changedD.
A.haschangedB.hasbeenchangedwaschanged
50.TheGreatWallpeopleallovertheworld.
knownto
主动变被动;被动变主动(供选择使用)
1.Shetakescareof5kids
2.Ioftenhearhersingatnight.
3.ReadingimprovesmyEnglish.
4.Howdidyouworkitout?
5.WherecanIgetshampo?
6.Whoorderedthesedihes?
7.Mostpeopleenjoywatersports
8.Hecausestroubleeveryday
9.Noonecanstopmefromdoingscientificresearch.
10.Shouldhedrinkteawithhoney?
11.Whatdoyoudoatnoon?
12.Theyhavegivenawayonemilliondollars
13.AnothersubwaywllbebuiltinBeijing.
14.Wearen'tlearingEnglish
15.Shewasmadetohavearestbymom
16.Somethingmustbedonetohelphimout.
17.Inoticedhimcomein.
18.MustIpickthemup?
19Webelievethatpracticemakesperfect
20.PeoplesayaliensIandedontheearthlastnight.
21.Sheisusuallyseentoenterthenetbarinschoolhours.
22CanItastethemixture?
23,Itproducedabeautifulpieceofmusic.
24Hehumssomethinginclass.
25Whatmakesyouworksohard?
填空•
1.Lastyear,laws(pass)toprotectourenvironment
2.Chopsticksshouldn't(stick)inyourfood.
3.Homework(hand)ineverymorning
4.Howoftenyourhair(wash)?
5.Howsoonmybike(return)?
6.Footballcan't(play)intheclassroom.
7.Tom(think)tobethecleverestinmyclass.
8.Thecarusedto(regard)astheoldest,butnowit(sell)well.
9.What(do)overtheseyears?
10.5555yuan(raise)forthesickboyyesterday.
11.WhentheParty(found)?
12.Thedog(find)jumpingandrunningwithanotherdog,?
13.Bywhomtheplants(lookafter)everyTuesday?
14.Heiscrying.Whattohim?
15.I(encourage)tospeakloudly.
16.Smokingordrinking(notallow)hear.
17.Hecreatedagame(play)ontheinternet.
18.Sofar,nostragity(come)upwith.
19.awrongsize(give)toyoujustnow?
20.English(teach)inourschool?
21.thisseat(take)?
22.I(ask)tomakethebedeverymorning.
23.Telephone(notinvent)until1876
24.Whatthecup(use)fordoinginthepast?
25.Peoplemust(stop)fromlitteringtheriver..
非谓语动词
非谓语动词顾名思义是不充当谓语的动词形式。
换句话说,句中已经有了动
词。
所以它们不受主语的人称和数的限制。
可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
包括todo(表一次性或将要发生);doing(习惯性,或正在发生);done(被动或完成)三种!
以下按句子成分对比学习
1.todo/doing都能作主语,done不能!
TolearnaforeignIanguageisnoteasy.=Itisnoteasytolearna
foreignIanguage.
LearningaforeignIanguageisnoteasy.(不用it做形式主语)
Whattodoisaproblem.
1)当主语是todo,表语也是todo当主语是doing,表语也是doing,要前后一致。
Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.
Toteachistolearn.=Teachingislearning.
2)有it出现,就要想到todo!
!
!
A.Itis+形容词/名词+(forsb)todo
Itisimpossibletolivewithoutair.
Itwon'tbedifficultforMarytofindanewjob.
Itisapleasuretobewiththem.
B.it做形式宾语同理!
Ifinditimportanttoplanthingsforyourself
YouhavemadeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.
Don'tyoufeelityourdutytosupportyourfamily?
Ithinkiteasytodosomelisteningeveryday.
C.Itis+形容词+ofsb.todo
Itisverykindofyoutohelphimeveryday.
注意:
这里的形容词用来说明人的本质、品德等。
Kind;clever;nice;careful
D.Ittakes/took+sb.+一段时间+todo
Ittakesmetenminutestowalktothatschooleveryday.
Howlongdidittakeyoutogethere?
It'lltakehimamonthtofinishreadingthebook.
2todo/doing/done作表语
todo/doing(动名词)可以主,表互换;done,doing(分词),相当于形容词,不能
互换.
Mywishistobecomeascientist.(Tobecomeascientistismy
wish.)
H
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- 关 键 词:
- 被动 语态 谓语