江西省赣州市学年高二英语上册期中考试题.docx
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江西省赣州市学年高二英语上册期中考试题.docx
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江西省赣州市学年高二英语上册期中考试题
赣州中学第一学期期中考试
英语试卷
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
二.阅读理解(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面四篇短文,掌握其大意,然后从32-51题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并涂在答题卡的相应位置上。
A
ThevillageofFoston,NorthYorkshire,UK,nowhasapostofficethankstopupilsatthevillageprimaryschool.
Peopleinthevillageweresaddenedtoseetheirlocalbranch(分局)closed12yearsago.
Butnowthevillageprimaryschoolhasopenedoneinaconverted(改造过的)outdoortoilet,asmallbrickbuilding,withallthepupilsattheschooltrainedtohelp.
TeachingassistantLauraGlass,29,said,“Thelastoneclosedin1998andthenearestoneisfivemilesaway,meaningitwasverytrickyasthevillagehasalotofelderlypeople,andwesuggestedthattheoldtoiletbeused.
“Wegotalotofhelpfromthegovernmentandthevillagersinconvertingit.Wethenrealizedthatbygettingpupilstorunitwecouldhelpteachthemimportantskillsatthesametime.
“Thechildrenwillbeproperlysupervised(察看并指导).Theyloveitanditgivesthemkeyskills,andthevillagersloveittoobecauseitissuchauniqueservice.”
Thepostofficeopensdailyduringthepupils’schooldays,for15minutesduringtheirlunchbreak,andforanother15minutesafterlessonsat3pm.
VillagerLauraDeighton’sfive-year-olddaughterGracegoestotheschoolandhasbeenservingcustomersattheunusualbranch.
Laura,31,said,“Gracethinksit’swonderfulandgreatfun,andsheandallthekidslearnreallyusefulsocialskills.
“Itisalsoagreatbenefittothecommunity.They’vegoteverythingyoucouldpossiblyneed,andthekidsareexcellent.Theyaresofriendlyandhelpful.”
21.Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph4probablymeans________.
A.enjoyableB.difficultC.excitingD.different
22.LauraDeighton’sattitudetowardstheserviceprovidedbythepupilscanbedescribedas________.
A.anxiousB.surprisedC.satisfiedD.doubtful
23.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thepostofficeopenseveryday.
B.Onlyselectedpupilscanworkinthepostoffice.
C.Thepostofficeisinsidetheprimaryschool.
D.Pupilslovetohelpinthepostoffice.
24.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.
A.Outdoortoiletbecomesnewpostoffice
B.Kidsservecustomersduringlunchbreak
C.Anotherpostofficebranchreopened
D.Primaryschoolopensvillagepostoffice
B
JohnvonNeumannwastheoldestof3childrenofanbanker,andhisspeedoflearningnewideasandsolvingproblemsstoodoutearly.At17,hisfathertiredtopersuadehimnottobecomeamathematicianbecausehemayleadapoorlifebeingamathematician,andsovonNeumannagreedtostudychemistryaswell.In1926,at23,hereceivedadegreeinchemicalengineeringandaPh.D.inmathematics.Fromthenon,mathematicsprovidedwellenoughforhim,andheneverhadtoturntochemistry.
In1930,vonNeumannvisitedPrincetonUniversityforayearandthenbecameaprofessorthere.Hisfirstbookwaspublishedin1932.In1933,theInstituteforAdvancedStudywasformed,andhebecameoneofthe6full-timepeopleintheSchoolofMathematics(Einsteinwasoneoftheothers)
WorldWarⅡhugelychangedvonNeumann'sareasofinterest.Until1940hehadbeenagreatpuremathematician.Duringandafterthewar,hebecameoneofthebestmathematicianswhoputmathematicstheoriesintopractice.DuringthelastpartofthewarhebecameinterestedincomputingmachinesandmadeseveralfundamentalcontributionsAfterthewar,vonNeumanncontinuedhisworkwithcomputers,andwasgenerallyveryactiveingovernmentservice.Hereceivedmanyawards,waspresidentoftheAmericanMathematicalSocietyandwasamemberoftheAtomicEnergyCommission.Hediedin1957ofcancer.
VonNeumannmadeseveralgreatcontributionsandanyoneofthemwouldhavebeenenoughtoearnhimafirmplaceinhistory.Hewillberememberedasoneofthegreatestmindsofthe20thcentury.
VonNeumannreallywasalegendinhisowntime,andthereareanumberofstoriesabouthim.Hisdrivingabilityisapartofhislegend.HereportedoneaccidentthisWay:
"Iwasdrivingdowntheroad.Thetreesontherightwerepassingmeinanorderlyfashionat60milesperhour.Suddenlyoneofthemsteppedinmypath."
25.Accordingtothetext,vonNeumann'sfatherbelievedthat________
A.amathematiciancouldn'tearnalotofmoney
B.amathematicianneededagoodmemory
C.vonNeumannhadtheabilitytolearntwosubjectsatthesametime
D.vonNeumannhadthegiftforsolvingproblemsatahighspeed
26.vonNeumannpublishedhisfirstbookattheageof________
A.23B.26C.29D.32
27.HowdidWorldWarⅡaffectJohnvonNeumann?
A.Herealizedtheimportanceofengineering
B.Hebegantoresearchhowtoputmathematicsintopractice
C.Heleftcollegeandservedatthegovernmentdepartment
D.Helostinterestinchemistry
28.Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferJohnvonNeumannwas________
A.calm
B.brave
C.intelligent
D.humorous
C
TheEnglishtranslationsofthenamesoftraditionalChinesedishesonmenusacrossthecountryhavecausedpublicdiscussionabouttheprecision(准确)ofthetranslations.
SincemoreandmoreforeignerscometoChinaeveryday,manyrestaurantsaroundChinaareprovidingEnglishtranslationsoftheirmenus.TheywanttomakeiteasierforforeignerstoorderChinesedisheswhentheytravel.Somerestaurantsalsohopethatthetranslationswillincreaseforeigners’knowledgeofChinesecuisine(烹饪).
ButanarticleinChinaYouthDailysaystheEnglishmenutranslationshaven’tliveuptopublicexpectation(期望).ItarguesmostoftheEnglishnamesofChinesedisheslacktheculturalmeaningandattractionofthedishestheydescribe.Instead,thetranslationsonlyprovidealistofeachdish’singredients,thearticlenotes.Forexample,oneEnglishnameofaChinesedishappearsas“stir-friedmuttonslicewithChineseonionandgreenscallion(葱爆羊肉)”.
BecausetheEnglishtranslationfocusesonlyontheingredients,itfailstodescribethedish’srichculturalmeaningandcharm.Thedish’sbeautifulChinesename,“FoTiaoQiang(佛跳墙)”,hasastorybehindit.Buddhistmonks(和尚)arerequiredtoeatvegetablesonly,buttheycan’tresist(忍住)thedeliciousdish.Sotheyjumpoverthetemplewallstogetatasteofthedish.
ThearticlesuggeststhattranslatorsprovidemorebeautifultranslationsofthenamesofChinesedishes.Italsonotesamorevivid(生动的)EnglishtranslationisveryimportanttoprovideinternationalvisitorswithabetterunderstandingofChinesecuisine.
29.WhydomanyrestaurantsprovideEnglishtranslationsoftheirmenu?
A.Becausetheywanttoshowtheiringredientsindishes.
B.Becausethepublicexpectthemtodoso.
C.BecauseChinesedishesarepopular.
D.Becauseitisconvenientforforeignerstoorderfood.
30.AccordingtoChinaYouthDaily,whatisthemainproblemoftheEnglishmenutranslation?
A.Theyaretoolongtoremember.
B.Manyofthemarenotcorrect.
C.Theylackculturalmeaningandattraction.
D.Theyaredifficulttolearn.
31.Whatcanweinferfromthestoryof“FoTiaoQiang”dish?
A.Monkscanjumphigh.
B.Monkslivedapoorlife.
C.OldChinahadlittlemeatforpeople.
D.Thedishattractedmanypeoplebecauseit’sdelicious.
D
Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?
Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.
Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:
"Getup,John!
You'llbelateforworkagain!
ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.
Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteractyourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.
Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroubleofsearchingforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharphours.
32.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrels?
A.Notknowingeachother’senergycycles.
B.Familiarmonologues.
C.Achangeinafamilymember’senergycycle.
D.Attemptstocontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.
33.Ifyouwantstoworkbetteratyourlowpointinthemornings,youshould________.
A.changehisenergycycle
B.overcomehislaziness
C.getupearlierthanusual
D.gotobedearlier
34.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill________.
A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday’swork
B.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyintheday
C.enableyoutoconcentrateonyourroutinework
D.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday
35.Wha
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