普陀初中补习班 初一英语句子结构和词类Word文档格式.docx
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普陀初中补习班 初一英语句子结构和词类Word文档格式.docx
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beget等系动词
Sheisveryhappy.
Shegetsangry.
主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语
SVOO
giveshowbuymaketell等动词,两个宾语之间无主谓关系
Givemethebook.
Shemademeacake.
Showmeyourpassport.
主+谓+宾语+宾补SVOC
makekeepleave等动词,宾语和宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系
Peopleshouldkeeptheenvironmentclean.
Weshouldmaketheearthabeautifulplace.
Don’tleaveanyfoodinyourplate.
请学生判断下面句子的句型,并在相应成分下方划线:
eg.
Theflathasabigsittingroom.
LiBinlikeshisnewflat.
Manythingspollutewater,[suchastyres,trash(垃圾),andplasticbags].
Youshouldkeepyourroomtidy.
Theguestsarecoming.
WinnieisvisitingGardenCity[forthefirsttime].
Thegirlisbeautiful.
Theoldwoman[always]getsangry[aboutallthethings].
Wemustkeepourschool________(clean,cleaning)
二、Vocabulary
PartOne
1.invitev.invitationn.邀请函;
邀约
Heiswritingan_______(invite)cardtohisfriendswithhiswishes.
【点拨】-tion
pollutev.污染->
_______n.污染
introducev.介绍–>
_______n.介绍
congratulatev.祝贺->
_______n.祝贺
celebratev.庆祝->
_______n.庆祝
congratulatev.祝贺->
_______n.祝贺
locatev.位于->
_______n.位置
2.talk
talkto/withsb.和某人交谈
talkaboutsth.讨论某事
【补充】say、speak、talk、tell的区别
①say一般作及物动词用,着重说话的内容,它的宾语可以是名词,代词或宾语从句
PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语说。
②speak强调说的动作,不强调所说的内容。
作及物动词时,常以某种语言作宾语。
作不及物动词时,常见的搭配形式有:
speaktosb跟某人讲话,
此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合了表演讲或演说
CanyouspeakJapanese?
你会说日语吗?
Sheisspeakingtoherteacher.她正在跟她的老师说话。
Hespokeatthemeetingyesterday.他昨天在会上讲了话。
③talk一般为不及物动词,意思是“交谈,谈话,着重强调两具之间的相互说话。
eg:
SheistalkingwithLucyinEnglish.她正在和露茜用英语交谈。
Whatareyoutalkingabout?
你们在谈论什么?
④tell常作及物动词,意为“讲述,告诉,动词常跟双宾语。
tellsbsth=tellsthtosb告诉某人某事。
Didyoutellherthenews?
=Didyoutellthenewstoher?
tellastory讲故事
3.agentn.agencyn.代理处
JerryWandisafamousestate_________.
Chinatravel_________
4.nationaladj.nation/international/nationality
The_________(nation)flagoftheU.S.flieshighintheTimeSquare.
【拓】-ity
activeadj.活跃的–>
activityn.活动
nationaladj.国家的->
nationalityn.国籍
5.ancientadj.modernadj.现代的、时髦的
Someancienttownshavewallsroundthem.
modernsociety现代社会
6.historyn.历史historicaladj.历史的
acountrywithalong________
Chinaisa________country,shehasherspecialculture
7.interestn.
interestedadj.感兴趣的
interestingadj.有趣的
beinterestedin(doing)sth对某事/做某事很感兴趣
Itisinterestingtodosth做某事很有趣
Therearemanyplacesof________(interesting)inFrance.
Hewasnot______inthatplan
Wecandosome_________things.
【拓展】-ed/-ing
movev.->
moved/movingadj.
interestv.->
interested/interestingadj.
8.wonderfuladj.wonderv.惊奇
Butanywaythiswillbea_________game.(wonder)
9.another
I'
dlike________cupofcoffee.
10.northof/inthenorthof
TheGreatWallis_______Beijing.
Beijingis_________China.
11.Millionsof________(tour)cometovisitShanghaieveryyear.
12.Timhassentmeaphotoof__________(he).
13.agreev.同意->
agreementn.同意
I______withyou,Mum.
Finallytheymadean__________.(agree)
【点拨】agreewithsb.
PartTwo动词的适当形式填空区分第一动词和第二动词
1.Thankyoufor___________(help)mealotduringthistrip.
2.We_______(enjoy)ourwinterholidaysoon.
3.Wouldyoulike_________(have)anothercupoftea?
4.Touristscanseesoldiers_________(raise)theChinesenationalflaginTian’anmenSquareeverymorning.
5.Myfamily__________(plan)wheretotravelduringthiscominglongholidayatthemoment.
6.Mary_________(go)toShanghaiforatripeveryyear.
总结:
第一动词看时态,第二动词看搭配
7.第一动词看时态:
usedto过去常常做某事,beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事
(1)There_________beacinema,didn’tthere?
(2)TheSmiths___________liveinahouseinthesuburbs.
(3)Afterthreeweeksshe_____________livinginthehotweather.
(4)Mr.BushislivinginShanghai.He______________eatingShanghaifood.
(5)Iusedtohavelunchatschool.(改为一般疑问句)
________you______to______lunchatschool?
(7)Thereusedtobealotofoldhuts(小屋)inthisarea.(改为否定句)
There_____________tobe_____oldhutsinthisarea.
(8)Thestreetinfrontofourhousewasnarrowbefore.(保持原意)
Thestreetinfrontofourhouse________________benarrow.
8.第二动词看搭配
doing
todo
do
want
wouldlike
decide
like/love
finish
Let’s
can
Shallwe
hadbetter
Whatabout
sbdoing
sbtodo
sbdo
sbwithsth.
want/wouldlike
help
tell
keep
PartThree
1.Mr.BlackwenttoDalianbyplaneyesterday.(对划线部分提问)
_____________Mr.Black_______toDalianyesterday?
2.Ittakesabouthalfan
hour
formetogotoworkeveryday.(对划线部分提问)
_________________doesittakeforyoutogotoworkeveryday?
3.Itcosts100yuan.(划线提问)
_______________doesit________?
cost…值…多少钱
costsb.money花费某人多少钱
AspentBcostCtookDpay
Thebook_______meonehundredyuan.Itwasverydear.
He_______toomuchmoneyonhorseracing.
He_______allhisenergyclimbingupthehill.
Iwill_______forthatbook.
三、Grammar
1、形容词副词的比较级
Choosethebestanswer
1.Themusicsounds___________.(beautiful/beautifully)
2.Sheisa___________girl.(careful/carefully)
3.Ihave____________________totellyou.(importantsomething/somethingimportant)
4.Wemustkeepourclassroom__________.(quiet/quietly)
5.Wemusttryourbesttomakeourcity______________.(beautiful/beautifully)
6.ShespeaksEnglish____________.(good/well)
7.Englishis___________usedintheworld.(wide/widely)
8.I__________don’tknowwhoheis.(real/really)
9.I’m__________sorryI’mlate.(terrible/terribly)
10.Theboyis______________togotoschool.(enoughold/oldenough)
易错题:
1.Thegirllooked___________.(angry)
2.Thegirllooked___________atme.(angry)
3.Shespeaksa__________English.(good)
4.ShespeaksEnglish__________.(good)
5.Thefishtasted_______.Throwitawayatonce.
A.niceB.nicelyC.badD.badly
6.Maryfelt_______togotoschool.
A.enoughgoodB.goodenoughC.enoughwellD.wellenough
7.Takeit_______,littleboy!
It’s_______enoughforyoutodothat.
A.easy,easyB.easily,easilyC.easy,easilyD.easily,easy
8.Mr.Liisagoodteacher.(改为感叹句)
_________________Mr.Liteaches!
写出下列形容词的副词形式
1.fast___________2.hard___________
3.quick__________4.easy___________
5.early__________6.much__________
7.good__________8.careful__________
9.lucky__________10.straight_________
11.real__________12.late________
13.terrible________14.possible_________
15.true________16.complete____________
2)比较级
句型1:
Ais+adj.比较级+thanB
句型2:
Aisas+adj.原级+asB
句型3:
Aisnotas+adj.原级+B
句型4:
Aisless+adj.原级+thanB
注意
Aruns+adv.比较级+thanB
Arunsas+adv.原级+asB
Arunsnotas+adv.原级+B
Arunsless+adv.原级+thanB
A.规则变化
形容词比较级的构成有一定的规则,主要有以下两种:
①单音节和少数双音节(如以y结尾的词)以加词尾-er;
的方式构成,在加词尾时要注意:
情况
加法
举例
一般情况
直接加词尾
small—smaller
fast---_________
strong---_________
单
音
节
词
以-e结尾的词
加一r,
large—larger
nice---________
safe---_________
一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词
先双写结尾的辅音字母再加er
big---_________
hot---__________
fat---_________
thin—thinner
sad---_________
red---________
双
以辅音+y结尾的词
改y为i,再加er
heavy—heavier
easy---_________
funny---_________
healthy---_______
early---_________
其他的双音节词
在前面加more
famous——morefamous
quickly---_________
slowly---________
多音
节词
在前面加more
important---moreimportant
beautiful---________________
difficult---________________
B.不规则变化
有少数词的比较级比较特殊,下表中列出了常用的不规则形容词和副词的比较级
原级
比较级
good,well(好)
bad,badly(坏)
many,much(许多)
little(少)
far(远)
old(老)
ex.
1.Takingatrainis_______andmoreinterestingthantakingaplane.(cheap)
2.Thetrainis_______(slow)thantheplane.
3.Heis____________thanI.(tall)
4.Whichis_________tothesun,theearthorthemoon?
(close)
5.Tomdidtheworkbadly,ButJackdideven__________.(bad)
6.Tomrunsas___________asJack.(quick)
7.ThesummerweatherinShanghaiwillbecome________and_________.(hot)
8.Themoreyousmile,the________youwillfeelinyoureverydaylife.(happy)
9.Josephisless________(honest)thanhisbrother.(保持句意)
Josephis____________________________hisbrother.
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