中美饮食文化差异.docx
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中美饮食文化差异.docx
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中美饮食文化差异
XXX
09英本国贸1班
2013-4-21
AThesisSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheDegreeofBAinEnglish
SouthChinaBusinessCollege
GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies
April,2011
DECLARATIONS
Thethesis"DistinctionsbetweenChineseandAmericanFoodCultures"Isubmittedisfinishedundermyteacher’sguidance,ZhangShanshan,anditdoesn’tcontainanyothermaterialswhichhasbeenpublishedorwrittenbyanyotherpeopleoranyotherinstitutions.Ipromiseallthecontentsinmythesisarerealandtrue.
.
Signature:
XXXDate:
April21st,2013
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Iwouldliketothankalotofpeoplewhohelpedmewithmythesisacademicallyandmentally.
Firstofall,Iwanttoexpressmygratitudetomysupervisor,ZhangShanshan.Duringtheperiodofpreparationsformythesis,herprofessionalknowledgeandpatientattitudeledmetothefieldofeducation;herstrictrequirementshaveenabledmetolearnhowtodoresearchwork;andherbenevolentunderstandingandkindencouragementhavebeensupportingmeallthetime.Iespeciallyappreciateherinsightfulsuggestionsfortheoriginalperspectiveofmythesisaswellthestructureofthethesis.
Secondly,mysincerethanksgotoallofmyteachersinFacultyofEnglishLanguageandCulture,SouthChinaCollege,GuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies.Withouttheirearnestandcomprehensiveinstructions,Icannotcompletemythesissmoothly.
Last,isincerelythankmyfamilymemberswhosupportedmeinsilenceandgavememoreconfidencetofinishmythesis.
DistinctionsbetweenChineseandAmericanFoodCultures:
AMirrorofTwoCountries’
DifferentCoreValues
Abstract:
Dietisabsolutelynecessaryinthemankind’slife,andevenintheexistenceordevelopment.BecauseofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanculturaltraditions,theChineseandAmericandietaryculturesaredifferentinconcept,structure,cooking,tablemannersandvalues.Theauthorstudiesthesedifferencesandthenfindsoutthepointsthatcanbedigested,inordertofacilitatethecommunicationinculturesbetweenChina.
Keywords:
Dietculture;Differences;Corevalues
CONTENTS
1.Introduction…………………………………………………………………...….………1
1.1Backgroundandthepurposeofinvestigation………….…...…………..…....…....….1
1.2Thesummarizationoftheliterature…………………………………….…………..….1
1.3Theframeoftheresearch……………………………………...……….………………2
2.Dietcultureandvalues………………….………...…..………………………………….3
2.1Dietculture……….………………………….…......………………………………3
2.2Values………………………………………………..……....….....………………3
3.Thedifferencesofdietculture………..…..………...…………………………………….4
3.1Thedifferencesofideaaboutfood…………………………………………………4
3.2Thedifferencesofdietstructure………………………………..….…….......…....5
3.3Thedifferencesofcooking…….……………………………………………………6
3.4Thedifferencesoftablemanners…………………………………………………...7
4.Themainaspectsofthedifferencesinvalues…………………………………………….8
4.1TheindividualandTheCollectivism……………………………………………….9
5.Conclusion………………………………………………………………...……………..10
6.Bibliography……………………………………………………………...………………11
1.Introduction
Thedietcultureisthesumofthehumanbehavior,theconcept,thetechniqueandtheproducts;itisalsotheeatingwaythatisselectedbythehumannaturallyandestablishedbyusageandadaptedtothenatureandthehumanitiesenvironment.TheculturaldifferencebetweenChineseandAmericaleadstotheirdifferenceindiet,whichcomesfromtheirdifferentvalues,thewaysofthinkingandphilosophyoflife.
1.1Backgroundandthepurposeofinvestigation
Asanimportantaspectofculture,thedietculturereferstoallculturalphenomenonsresultedfromthedifferentdistributiononfoodthatiscausedbythevariousgroupsofhumanbeingsandthesumofphysicalandmentalphenomenawhichisreflectedinthediet.Withtheimportanceofthediet,mostofthenutritionstudiersovertheworldareresearchingdifferenteatinghabitsofdifferentcountriestofindoutabetterreasonableandhealthydietstructure.Culturaldifferencesinfoodamongdifferentcountriesarealsoaphenomenonofcross-culturalcommunication.Studyingthesedifferencescantrainpeople’sabilityandhaveagoodunderstandingoftheknowledgeincross-culturalcommunication.
Thecross-culturalcommunicationundertheglobalizesituationmakesvariouscomplementationandcompatibilityofdietculture.Ifmakingacomparisonofpeople’seatinghabitsbetweenthetworepresentativecountries,itwillarriveatanissueinthedietculturethatisworthexploring
1.2Thesummarizationoftheliterature
Withalong,profoundandexcellenthistoryofChinesefoodculture,itgoesthroughseveralthousandyearsofdevelopmentandhasbecomeanimportantpartofworld’sdietculture.
Whilesomewesterncountrieshadeverbecomecoloniesofsomecountries,theyabsorbedthediethabitsfromothercountries.Andcombinedwiththeirowneatinghabits,graduallyformedtheiruniquedietculture.ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodcultureresultintheirdifferencesofdietculture.IntheprocessofintegrationbetweentheWestandtheEast,italsoleadstodifferentkindsofphilosophysoflifeandwaysofthinking.
Thevalueisthedeepestpartofthecultureandthecoreofthecross-culturalcommunication.Americananthropologist,ClydeKluckhohn,holds:
avalueisaconception,explicitorimplicit,distinctiveofanindividualorcharacteristicofagroup,ofthedesirablewhichinfluencestheselectionfromavailablemodes,meansandendsofaction.
Samovar&Porterthinks:
thevalueisregularandtellswhatisthebadorgood……themostimportantistoguidepeople’sthinkandbehavior.
1.3Theframeofresearch
Thedietcultureisanimportantpartofnon-languagecultureincross-culturalcommunicationandisalsothespecificperformanceofcultureandphilosophy.Differentcuisinesnotonlyreflectdifferentcustomsofdifferentregions,butalsoembodydifferentculturalconnotation.Fortheforeignlanguagelearners,learningtheirdifferencesandoriginscannotonlyhaveagoodunderstandingoftheirlanguageculture,butalsoimproveeffectsofcross-culturalcommunication.Sothattheycanavoidtheinappropriatemannersorbehaviorandcommunicationbarrierscausedbymisunderstanding.
Throughtheliteraturereviewandcomparativestudymethod,itisundertakenthedietcultureandvaluesbetweenChinaandAmericaonthebasisofstudyingalargenumberofdietculturaldifferences.Thenindetailintroduceddifferencesofdietculture.Atlastfoundoutvaluesdifferencesthroughthesedietdifferences.
2.DietCultureandValue
2.1DietCulture
ThewordcultureoriginatesfromtheLatinwordcultura.Ithadbeenusedasakindofculturewhichwastotrainpeoples’moralandabilityinplantingandfarmsincethe15thcenturyB.C.Nowadays,fromtheextensiveperspect,thecultureisdefinedasthesumofmaterialandmentalproductsmancreated.Whilefromthenarrowperspect,thecultureisdefinedasthementalproductthatconcludesthelanguage,art,literatureandsoon.
Tylor,socialanthropology,describedcultureinthefollowingway:
"Cultureorcivilization,takeninitswideethnographicsense,isthatcomplexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,morals,law,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety."
Variousdefinitionsofculturereflectdifferingtheoriesforunderstanding,orcriteriaforevaluating,humanactivity.Thedifferentconnotationsarealsoresultedindifferentdietstyles.
2.2Value
Thevalueisthecriteriathatmembersinsocietyvaluatethesesuitablethingswhichcanbemettheirtargetssuchasthebehavior,objectsorotherpossiblethings.
Individualismisthecorevalueofwesterncivilizationanditisamoral,political,andsocialphilosophy.Itstressesonpersonalindependence,theimportanceofindividualself-confidenceandpersonalfreedom.
Chinahasalonghistorywithextensiveandprofoundtraditionalculture.Comparedwithothernationalities,ithasmoreuniqueandtypical“dietcolor”,italsoreflectedtheconfusionvalue,thecoreofthecollectivism.Itadvocatesthatindividualsshouldbesubordinatetothesociety,andindividualinterestsshouldbesubjecttothegeneralgoodofthegroup.
3ThemainaspectsofthedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmerican
3.1Thedifferenceofideaaboutfood
BecauseofthedifferentphilosopherbetweentheChinaandtheWestern,theWesterndietisarationalconcept,nutritionmustbeassured.Itcaresabouttheintakeofcalories,vitamins,proteinandsoonduringaday.Regardlessofthecoloroffood,incense,flavorandshape,thefocusofwesterndietisonlytheextensionoftheoriginaldietpracticality.Ittastesstereotyped,assimpleaschewingthecandle,butthesensetellsthem:
Wemusteatthemallbecauseofthenutrition.Westernersthinkthefoodistoeat,eatingspecial"hardvegetables"suchaslargepieceofmeat,chickenblock.Incelebration,itstressestableware,stressesthestaple,stressestheservings,andstressesthecolorandshapemixofrawmaterials.Butnomatterhowluxuriousthegradeis;onlyonetasteofsteak,itisnoarttospeakof.Andasdishes,thechickenischicken;steakissteak,eveningroups,whicharealsoconductedinashallowdish.Colorisonclear,butthetastesofthevariousmaterialsareseparated,nottoreconcile,andtheentireflavorisalsosimpleandclear.
TheChinesediettendstobeartandsentimentalandpursuesthedeliciousness,regardlessofnutrition.TheemphasisontheflavorofChinesecuisinecatersthediettotheartsfield.Onlydeliciousthingscansatisfypeople'sappetiteandthengivethea
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