名师整理最新英语冲刺中考抗击新冠疫情热点专题《选词填空题》精讲精练含答案.docx
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名师整理最新英语冲刺中考抗击新冠疫情热点专题《选词填空题》精讲精练含答案.docx
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名师整理最新英语冲刺中考抗击新冠疫情热点专题《选词填空题》精讲精练含答案
【2020抗击疫情热点】中考英语选词填空:
2020年改善心理健康的5种科学方法
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(2020年改善心理健康的5种科学方法)
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Fivewaystoimproveyourmentalhealthin2020
Part1
重点词汇
∙morelikely适当的; 有希望的; 很可能的; 很像真事的; 多半
∙immunesystems免疫系统; immunesystem的复数
∙Infact事实上,其实; 准确地说;确切地说
∙dailylife日常生活
wherewhogoodhappenyour
facecontrolhealtheffectlong
1.Practiceoptimism
Thestudiesarepositive:
Lookingonthebrightsideoflifereallyis1foryou.Optimists(乐观主义者)havea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeata2dietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystems(免疫功能);andevenlive3.Infact,a2019studyfoundpeoplewiththemostpositiveoutlookhadthegreatestoddsoflivingto85orbeyond.
Now,let'sgetreal:
Beinganoptimistdoesn'tmeanyouignorethestressofdailylife.Whocandothat?
Itsimplymeansthatwhencrummy(糟糕的)things4,youdon'tblame5unnecessarily.Ifyou6achallengeorobstacle(障碍),you'remorelikelytoseeitastemporaryorevenpositive,allowingyoutolearnandgrow.
Optimistsalsobelievetheyhave7overtheirfateandcancreateopportunitiesforgoodthingstohappen.
Notanaturaloptimist?
Noworries.Sciencehasshownyoucantrainyourbraintobemorepositive.Onlyabout25%ofoptimismisprogrammedbyourgenesanyway.
Accordingtoameta-analysis(元分析)ofexistingstudies,usingthe"BestPossibleSelf"techniqueisoneofthemost8waystoincreaseyouroptimism.It'sbasedonexercisesthataskyoutoimagineyourselfwithallofyourproblemssolvedinafuture9allofyourlife'sgoalswereachieved.
Inonestudy,people10didthisforonly15minutesaweekoveraneight-weekperiodbecamemorepositiveandremainedthatwayfornearlysixmonths.Whatdoyouhavetolose?
Part2
healthshowfellbeforeeach
againstgoodbenefitlittlewho
2.Startvolunteering
AprayerattributedtoSt.FrancisofAssisitellus,"Itisingivingthatwereceive."
阿西尼城的圣弗朗西斯的祈祷告诉我们:
“我们所得到就是我们所给予的。
”
Turnsouthewasscientificallyright.Studieshave1thatputtingthewell-beingofothersbeforeourownwithoutexpectinganythinginreturn,orwhatiscalledbeingaltruistic(利他的;无私心的),stimulatestherewardcentersofthebrain.Thosefeel-goodchemicalsfloodoursystem,producingasortof"helper'shigh."
Therearephysical2,too:
Studiesshowvolunteeringminimizesstressandimprovesdepression.Itcanreducetheriskforcognitiveimpairment.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.
Evenifyouhave3timetooffer,justtheactofgivinghasbeenshowntoimproveourhealth,possiblybytemporarilyreducingoursenseofpain.
Anewstudyfoundthatpeople4saidtheywoulddonatemoneytohelporphanswerelesssensitivetoanelectricshockthanthosewhodeclinedtogive.Inaddition,themorehelpfulpeoplethoughttheirdonationwouldbe,thelesspainthey5.
3.Begrateful
Weheardalotaboutthebenefitsofthankfulnessinthelastdecade,andthatisbackedbyscience:
Countingourblessingsprotectsus6anxietyanddepressionandboostsoptimism.Needmoreproof?
Middle-schoolerswhopracticedgratitudeexerciseshadlessproblembehavior.
Oneofthe7waystomakethankfulnessapartofyourlife,sayexperts,istokeepadailyjournal.8yougotobed,jotdownanypositiveexperienceyouhadthatday,nomatterhowsmall.
Ifyoudothatforoneminute9morningandevening,thatsenseofappreciationcanbroadentoothersinyourlifeandbolsteroptimismandbettermental10.
Part3
重点词汇
∙wellconnected与达官豪富有亲友关系的; 社会关系强固的
∙forthis为此
∙morethan比…更;比…更重要; 超出需要;超乎寻常
∙andthen然后
∙scoresof许多; 大量; 几十个
benefitinsteadkeepexampleconnect
protectincreaselittlewhichachieve
4.Bolsteryoursocialconnections
"Peoplewhoaremoresocially1tofamily,tofriends,tocommunity,arehappier,they'rephysicallyhealthier,andtheylivelongerthanpeoplewhoare
2wellconnected,"saidHarvardpsychiatristRobertWaldingerinhispopularTEDxtalk.
TheproofforthiscomesfromtheHarvardStudyofAdultDevelopment,
3tracked724Bostonmenformorethan75yearsandthenbeganfollowingmorethan2,000oftheiroffspringandwives.
"Theclearestmessagethatwegetfromthis75-yearstudyisthis:
Goodrelationships
4ushappierandhealthier.Period,"Waldingersaid.
Andyoudon'thavetobeinacommittedrelationshiporhavescoresofpalstogetthis5.Instead,it'sthequalityoftherelationshipthatmatters,hesaid.
"High-conflictmarriages,for6,withoutmuchaffection,turnouttobeverybadforourhealth,perhapsworsethangettingdivorced,"Waldingersaid."Andlivinginthemidstofgood,warmrelationshipsis7."
5.Findyourpurpose
Findingasenseofpurposecontributesgreatlytowell-beingandalonger,happierlife,expertstellCNN.
UniversityofPennsylvaniapsychologistMartinSeligman,whoco-foundedthefieldofpositivepsychology,saysasenseofpurposewillcomefrombeingpartofsomethingbiggerthanourselves.Hepointstoreligion,family,andsocialcausesaswaysto
8meaninginourlives.
Itdoesn'thavetobeatraditionalreligiontobeeffective,accordingtoLordRichardLayard,oneofBritain'smostprominenteconomistsandtheauthorofseveralbooksonhappiness.
Inhislandmark(里程碑式的)book,"Happiness:
LessonsFromaNewScience,"hesaysspiritualpracticescanrangefrommeditationtopositivepsychologytocognitivetherapy.
"Ifyoursoledutyisto9thebestforyourself,lifebecomesjusttoostressful,toolonely--youaresetuptofail.10,youneedtofeelyouexistforsomethinglarger,andthatverythoughttakesoffsomeofthepressure."
答案:
Part1
1good
2healthy
3longer
4happen
5yourself
6face
7control
8effective
9where
10who
Part2
1shown
2benefits
3little
4who
5felt
6against
7best
8Before
9each
10health
Part3
1connected
2less
3which
4keep
5benefit
6example
7protective
8increase
9achieve
10Instead
中英对译:
Fivewaystoimproveyourmentalhealthin2020
2020年改善心理健康的5种科学方法
1.Practiceoptimism
以乐观的心态实践
Thestudiesarepositive:
Lookingonthebrightsideoflifereallyisgoodforyou.Optimists(乐观主义者)havea35%lesschanceofhavingaheartattackorstroke,aremorelikelytoeatahealthydietandexerciseregularly,havestrongerimmunesystems(免疫功能);andevenlivelonger.Infact,a2019studyfoundpeoplewiththemostpositiveoutlookhadthegreatestoddsoflivingto85orbeyond.
研究给出了正面的证明:
关注生活的光明一面确实对人有好处。
乐观主义者心脏病发作或者中风的概率要比其他人低35%,同时他们更有可能摄入健康膳食,定期锻炼,拥有更强大的免疫功能甚至拥有更长的寿命。
事实上,2019年的一项研究发现,心态最乐观的人寿命也是最长的,他们能够活到85岁甚至以上。
Now,let'sgetreal:
Beinganoptimistdoesn'tmeanyouignorethestressofdailylife.Whocandothat?
Itsimplymeansthatwhencrummy(糟糕的)thingshappen,youdon'tblameyourselfunnecessarily.Ifyoufaceachallengeorobstacle(障碍),you'remorelikelytoseeitastemporaryorevenpositive,allowingyoutolearnandgrow.
我们来说点实际的做法:
做一个乐观主义者并不意味着忽略日常生活的压力。
谁又能做到呢?
心态乐观意味着在面对糟糕的事情时,你不要毫无必要地责备自己,你要能够把自己所面对的挑战或障碍看作是暂时的甚至是积极的事情,从而使自己在这些磨砺中学习和成长。
Optimistsalsobelievetheyhavecontrolovertheirfateandcancreateopportunitiesforgoodthingstohappen.
乐观主义者也相信他们可以掌控自己的命运,并不断为好事的发生创造机会。
Notanaturaloptimist?
Noworries.Sciencehasshownyoucantrainyourbraintobemorepositive.Onlyabout25%ofoptimismisprogrammedbyourgenesanyway.
不是天生的乐观主义者?
别担心。
科学表明,人们可以通过思维训练来变得更加积极乐观。
只有25%的乐观因素根植于基因之中。
Accordingtoameta-analysis(元分析)ofexistingstudies,usingthe"BestPossibleSelf"techniqueisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoincreaseyouroptimism.It'sbasedonexercisesthataskyoutoimagineyourselfwithallofyourproblemssolvedinafuturewhereallofyourlife'sgoalswereachieved.
根据对于现有研究的元分析,“成就最好的自己”是提高乐观程度最有效的方式之一。
这种方式通过练习来让人们想象自己处于一个解决了未来的所有问题并且实现了人生的一切追求的状态中。
Inonestudy,peoplewhodidthisforonly15minutesaweekoveraneight-weekperiodbecamemorepositiveandremainedthatwayfornearlysixmonths.Whatdoyouhavetolose?
在一项研究中,在八周时间内每周只花15分钟实践了这种方法的人变得更加积极,并保持这种状态将近六个月。
反正又没有损失,何不尝试一下?
2.Startvolunteering
开始志愿之旅
AprayerattributedtoSt.FrancisofAssisitellus,"Itisingivingthatwereceive."
阿西尼城的圣弗朗西斯的祈祷告诉我们:
“我们所得到就是我们所给予的。
”
Turnsouthewasscientificallyright.Studieshaveshownthatputtingthewell-beingofothersbeforeourownwithoutexpectinganythinginreturn,orwhatiscalledbeingaltruistic(利他的;无私心的),stimulatestherewardcentersofthebrain.Thosefeel-goodchemicalsfloodoursystem,producingasortof"helper'shigh."
研究证明这是科学的论断,将他人的福祉放在自我福祉之前,不求回报地为他人付出或是所谓的利他主义会刺激我们大脑的奖赏中枢。
这些让人感觉愉悦的化学物质会充盈人体系统,让助人者获得快乐与满足。
Therearephysicalbenefits,too:
Studiesshowvolunteeringminimizesstressandimprovesdepression.Itcanreducetheriskforcognitiveimpairment.Itcanevenhelpuslivelonger.
在精神受益之外身体也会受益:
研究表明志愿活动会使压力最小化并改善抑郁症,从而降低认知损伤的风险,甚至有助于人们更长寿。
Evenifyouhavelittletimetooffer,justtheactofgivinghasbeenshowntoimproveourhealth,possiblybytemporarilyreducingoursenseofpain.
即使没有时间做志愿活动,仅仅是付出也被证实能够改善健康状况,这可能是通过暂时降低痛苦感而实现的。
Anewstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosaidtheywoulddonatemoneytohelporphanswerelesssensitivetoanelectricshockthanthosewhodeclinedtogive.Inaddition,themorehelpfulpeoplethoughttheirdonationwouldbe,thelesspaintheyfelt.
一项新研究发现,那些愿意通过捐款来帮助孤儿的人与那些不愿捐款的人相比对电击的敏感度更低。
此外,人们如果认为自己的捐款帮助较大,所感受到的痛苦就更少。
3.Begrateful
感恩
Weheardalotaboutthebenefitsofthankfulnessinthelastdecade,andthatisbackedbyscience:
Countingourblessingsprotectsusagainstanxietyanddepressionandboostsoptimism.Needmoreproof?
Middle-schoolerswhopracticedgratitudeexerciseshadlessproblembehavior.
在过去的十年中,我们
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