高三英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics课时作业新人教版必修.docx
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高三英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics课时作业新人教版必修.docx
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高三英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics课时作业新人教版必修
2019-2020年高三英语一轮复习Unit1Culturalrelics课时作业新人教版必修
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(xx·湖北省武汉市高中毕业生调研测试)
Cryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions.Wecrywhenwecan'tholdinsidewhatwefeelanymore.Wecrywhenwe'reatourbest,andwhenwe'reatourworst.Bywe,Imeanallofus.Menincluded.
Butweneverseeothermencry.Innowesternculturehasiteverbeenacceptableformentoshed(流泪)morethanasingletear,andeventhenit'sreservedforgrandvictories,defeatsanddeaths.Dutchresearchsuggeststhatwomencrybetweenthreeandfivetimesmorethanmen.Generallymenandwomencryoverthesamethings—deaths,breakupsandhomesickness,primarily,butresearchersbelievethatmencrymoreoftenthanwomenwhenitestopositiveevents.
IwanttoadmitI'mabitofacryer.However,havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife,afewweeksagoIexperiencedwhatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears.
See,mydog—and24/7panion—waskilledbyacarrightoutsidemyhouse.Beingawitnesstothispainfuleventleftmeinshockforagoodhour,butthenthefloodgatesopened.Overthenext48hours,Imighthavecried20times.OnceortwiceIcrouched(蹲)onthefloorwithmyheadinmyhandsandtearsweretheonlyoutlet.
ItissuggestedinthebookAdultCrying:
ABiopsychosocialApproachthatthere'scertainpleasureincrying.Ithelpseasestresswhenthereisnootherwaytoexpressourselves.
Inthosedaysaftermydog'sdeath,Irememberthinking,“I'vegottostopthiscrying”.Itfeltunmanly.Itfeltlikeasignofweakness.I'vesincerealisedthattearsareforeverybody;they'renotgenderspecific.Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
作者的狗遭遇车祸,作者痛哭不已,伤心欲绝。
后来作者意识到哭泣是释放压力的方式。
【难句分析】However,havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife,afewweeksagoIexperiencedwhatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears.(第三段第二句)
分析:
该句为主从复合句。
该句中whatitmeanstoreally,truly,pourmyheartoutintears为what引导的宾语从句;havingneverreallyexperienceddeathsinmylife为现在分词短语作原因状语。
译文:
然而,我在生活中从来没有真正体会过死亡,数周前的一次体验让我知道死亡真的意味着痛哭流涕和撕心裂肺的感觉。
1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?
A.Cryingisarawhumanemotion.
B.Cryingisanemotionbeyondcontrol.
C.Cryingisanemotionshowingsadness.
D.Cryingisanemotionshowinghappiness.
答案与解析:
A'考查段落大意。
通读该段可知,该段第一句“Cryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions”为该段的主题句。
结合该段其他内容可知,该段主要论述“哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露”,故A项正确。
2.What'sthedifferencebetweenmenandwomenincryingaccordingtoDutchresearch?
A.Theycryoverdifferentmatters.
B.Theycryatdifferenttimesoflife.
C.Womencrymoreoftenoverdeaths.
D.Menaremorelikelytohavetearsofjoy.
答案与解析:
D'考查细节理解。
由题干关键词“Dutchresearch”定位至第二段,根据第二段的“butresearchersbelievethatmencrymoreoftenthanwomenwhenitestopositiveevents”可知,男女哭泣的区别是男子对于积极事物的哭泣频率要比妇女高,故D项正确。
3.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhiscryingoverhisdog'sdeath?
A.Asignofstrength.
B.Asignofweakness.
C.Behaviorofbeingwomanish.
D.Awayofreducingemotionalstress.
答案与解析:
D'考查细节理解。
根据第六段,尤其是最后一句“Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel.”可知,作者意识到哭泣是减轻情感压力的方式,故D项正确。
4.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Men,nevercrylikewomen
B.Men,it'sOKtocrysometimes
C.Cryingsolvespsychologicalproblems
D.Cryingexplainsdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen
答案与解析:
B'考查标题判断。
通读全文内容尤其是第一段第一句“Cryingisthesignoftherawestofhumanemotions”和本文最后一句“Theyshowwehavesympathy,allowustogetridofstressandjustfeel”可知,本文论述的中心是“哭泣是人类最自然的情感流露,是减轻情感压力的方式”,据此可以判断,B项最适合作文章标题。
B
(xx·云南省第二次检测)
SeveralpaniesinEurope,theUSandAsiahavedecidedtochangeoneoftheprocessesofmakingchocolateandnolongerroastthecacaobeans.TheyinsistthatgrowersinAfricaandSouthAmericaleavethemoutdoorstodrynaturallyinstead.Theresultingproductiscalled“raw”chocolate.
Producersclaimthatavoidingexposuretooventemperaturesallowsthepreservationofnutrientssuchasiron,zinc,copperandvitaminC.It'salsoclaimedthatuncookedcacaocontainshigherlevelsofantioxidants(抗氧化物)thanroastedcacaousedinmostchocolate.
“Overthelast10years,consumershavebeemoreinvolvedintheirfoodanddrink,”saysKrisMcGowan,whorunstheRawChocolatepany.“Theycarealotmoreaboutitshealthyqualitiesandchocolateisnoexception.”
ButMartinSchweizer,professorofbiochemistryatHeriotWattUniversity,urgescautionondescribingrawchocolateasasuperfooduntilmoreresearchiscarriedout.“Wehavetolookatthisinmoredepth.Theresearchisatafairlyearlystage.”
Thereareconcernsthatnotheatingthemtoabout150℃couldmeananincreaseinbacteria.However,producersinsistthat,asnoanimalproductsareinvolved,thereisnogreaterriskthanwhendealingwithvegetablessuchascarrotsorlettuces.
JenniferEarle,awriteronchocolate,isunconvincedbyitontastegrounds.“It'sthequalityofthecacaothatmakesadifference,notwhetherthechocolateis‘raw’ornot,”shesays.“Andifyou'retalkingabouthealth,I'drathereatsometopqualityordinarychocolateandhaveaplateofvegetablesafterwards.”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。
许多生产商在制作巧克力时不再对可可豆进行加热烘干,并宣称这样做可以保护可可豆中的营养物质,但是一些研究人员对此有不同的看法。
【长难句分析】However,producersinsistthat,asnoanimalproductsareinvolved,thereisnogreaterriskthanwhendealingwithvegetablessuchascarrotsorlettuces.(第五段第二句)
分析:
本句是一个主从复合句。
that引导的是宾语从句,作insist的宾语;在宾语从句中含有as引导的原因状语从句。
译文:
然而,生产者坚持认为,因为没有涉及动物制品,所以不加热到150℃时的风险与处理胡萝卜和生菜这类蔬菜时存在的风险一样小。
5.ChocolatebeangrowersinAfrica________.
A.drythebeansoutdoorsnaturally
B.roastthebeansatalowtemperature
C.cookthebeansinpotsinsteadofinovens
D.storethebeanswithuncookedvegetables
答案与解析:
A 考查细节理解。
【关键句】TheyinsistthatgrowersinAfricaandSouthAmericaleavethemoutdoorstodrynaturallyinstead.(第一段第二句)
译文:
他们坚称非洲和南美的种植者是将可可豆放在户外自然晾干。
【解题思路】根据关键句可知,非洲的可可豆种植者是将可可豆放在户外自然晾干。
故选A。
6.Producersofrawchocolateclaimthat________.
A.itcanfightbacteria
B.itisveryecofriendly
C.itpreservesmorenutrients
D.itcontainslessantioxidants
答案与解析:
C 考查细节理解。
【关键句】Producersclaimthatavoidingexposuretooventemperaturesallowsthepreservationofnutrientssuchasiron,zinc,copperandvitaminC.(第二段第一句)
译文:
生产商称不在烤炉上烘焙可可豆可以让可可豆保持其原有的营养,例如铁、锌、铜和维生素C。
【解题思路】根据关键句可知,生巧克力的生产商声称不烘焙可可豆所生产出的生巧克力可以保留更多营养物质。
故选C。
7.JenniferEarle,thewriteronchocolate,thinksthat________.
A.roastedcacaoiscleaner
B.rawchocolateishealthier
C.rawchocolatetastesbetter
D.cacaoqualitymattersmore
答案与解析:
D 考查细节理解。
【关键句】“It'sthequalityofthecacaothatmakesadifference,notwhetherthechocolateis‘raw’ornot,”shesays.(最后一段第二句)
译文:
她说:
“重要的是可可豆的质量,而不是巧克力是‘生’的还是不‘生’的。
”
【解题思路】根据关键句可知,JenniferEarle认为可可豆的质量更重要。
故选D。
8.Wecaninferfromthetextthat________.
A.notmuchresearchhasbeendoneonrawchocolate
B.rawchocolatehasbeethemostpopularvariety
C.childrenfacetherisksfrombacteriawheneatingrawchocolate
D.allconsumershaveturnedtorawchocolateforhealthconcerns
答案与解析:
A 考查推理判断。
【关键句】“Wehavetolookatthisinmoredepth.Theresearchisatafairlyearlystage.”(第四段第二、三句)
译文:
“我们还需要对此做更深入的研究。
这个研究还处于一个相当初级的阶段。
”
【解题思路】根据关键句可知,对生巧克力的研究还处于初级阶段,由此可推断,针对生巧克力的研究还没有做。
故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(xx·湖北省八校高三第一次联考)
Twoyearsago,Dubuque,Iowa,starteditsfirstannual“BacktoSchoolBash”program.Itofferedneedyfamiliesanopportunitytolearnaboutfree__1__inthemunity.Holmesdecidedto__2__byprovidinghelptokids.Hewas__3__twojobsatthetime,oneofwhichwasworkingasabarber.Saturdaywashis__4__day,buthechoseto__5__histimeandgavefreehaircutstolowerclasskidsonconditionthatthekidsshould__6__theirfreehaircutsbyhavingtoreadabooktohim.
Theideawasso__7__thathecontinueditforthenexttwoyears.Manykidswould__8__afavoritebook,settleintothebarberchair,andreadaloud__9__Holmeswasdoingtheirhair.Afterthehaircuts,they'dreviewthebook,fromthe__10__andvocabularytothethemes—justlikeinschool,onlymorefun.
Holmes,whoismarried__11__twosons,recognizesthatnoteveryparenthasthetimeto__12__withtheirkids.Sohehopestooffersome__13__inthisway.Andheadmitshe,__14__,benefitsfromdoingthat.
Therewasasevenyearoldkidwho__15__stuttered(结巴)overwordswhilereading.Hehadtheboytakethebookhomeand__16__.Whenthechildcamebackafewdayslater,hereaditwithnoproblems.That__17__Holmestodomore.
HolmesandhisfamilyhaverecentlymovedtoaChicagosuburb.Whentheyget__18__,heplanstorestarthis__19__astheStorybookBarber.“Today'sworldisfullofgunsandviolence,”hesays.“Thebarbershopisa__20__placeforthekidstoeandreadbooks.”
【文章大意】 本文主要分享了Holmes做公益的故事。
1.A.materialsB.resources
C.methodsD.connections
答案与解析:
B'根据上下文可知,社区给孩子们提供学习的免费资源。
material“材料”;resource“资源”;method“方法”;connection“连接”。
2.A.participateB.perform
C.developD.withdraw
答案与解析:
A'根据下文的“byprovidinghelptokids”可推知,Holmes决定参与这项活动。
3.A.facedwithB.caughtin
C.presentedwithD.engagedin
答案与解析:
D'根据语境可知,Holmes同时从事了两份工作。
befacedwith“面临”;becaughtin“处于困境”;presentwith“把……交给”;beengagedin“从事于”。
4.A.happiestB.worst
C.busiestD.best
答案与解析:
C'根据上文的“asabarber”和空前的“Saturday”可推知,Holmes周六最忙。
5.A.spendB.waste
C.saveD.donate
答案与解析:
D'根据空后的“gavefreehaircuts”可知,Holmes把自己的时间捐献出来,免费给贫穷人家的孩子理发。
donate“捐献”。
6.A.receiveB.earn
C.demandD.request
答案与解析:
B'根据下文“theirfreehaircuts”的提示可推知,孩子们要通过读书才能挣得免费理发的权利,故选B,earn“挣得”。
7.A.popularB.ordinary
C.plexD.rigid
答案与解析:
A'根据下文的“hecontinueditforthenexttwoyears”可推知,这项活动很受欢迎,因此Holmes在接下来的两年也坚持了下来。
popular“受欢迎的”;ordinary“普通的”;plex“复杂的”;rigid“死板的”。
8.A.putawayB.takeover
C.p
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