Labour Law.docx
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Labour Law.docx
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LabourLaw
OrderofthePresidentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina
No.28
TheLabourLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,adoptedattheEighthMeetingoftheStandingCommitteeoftheEighthNationalPeople’sCongressofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonJuly5,1994,isherebypromulgatedandshallenterintoforceasofJanaury1,1995.
JiangZemin
PresidentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina
July5,1994
LabourLawofThePeople’sRepublicofChina
ChapterI GeneralProvisions
Article1ThisLawisformulatedinaccordancewiththeConstitutioninordertoprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers,readjustlabourrelationships,establishandsafeguardalaboursystemsuitedtothesocialistmarketeconomy,andpromoteeconomicdevelopmentandsocialprogress.
Article2ThisLawappliestoallenterprisesandindividualeconomicorganizations(hereinafterreferredtoasemployingunits)withintheboundaryofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaandlabourerswhoformalabourrelationshiptherewith
Stateorgans,institutionalorganizationsandsocietiesaswellaslabourerswhoformalabourcontractrelationshiptherewithshallfollowthisLaw.
Article3Labourersshallhavetherighttobeemployedonanequalbasis,chooseoccupations,obtainremunerationfortheirlabour,takerest,haveholidaysandleaves,obtainprotectionofoccupationalsafetyandhealth,receivetrainingvocationalskills,enjoysocialinsuranceandwelfare,andsubmitapplicationsforsettlementoflabourdisputes,andotherrightsrelatingtolabourasstipulatedbylaw.
Labourersshallfulfilltheirlabourtasks,improvetheirvocationalskills,followrulesonoccupationalsafetyandhealth,andobservelabourdisciplineandprofessionalethics.
Article4Theemployingunitsshallestablishandperfectrulesandregulationsinaccordancewiththelawsoastoensurethatlabourersenjoytherighttoworkandfulfilllabourobligations.
Article5TheStateshalltakevariousmeasurestopromoteemployment,developvocationaleducation,laydownlabourstandards,regulatesocialincomes,perfectsocialinsurancesystem,coordinatelabourrelationship,andgraduallyraisethelivingstandardoflabourers.
Article6TheStateshalladvocatetheparticipationoflabourersinsocialvoluntarylabourandthedevelopmentoftheirlabourcompetitionsandactivitiesofforwardingrationalproposals,encourageandprotectthescientificresearchandtechnicalrenovationengagedbylabourers,aswellastheirinventionsandcreations;andcommendandawardlabourmodelsandadvancedworkers.
Article7Labourersshallhavetherighttoparticipateinandorganizetradeunionsinaccordancewiththelaw.
Tradeunionsshallrepresentandsafeguardthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers,andindependentlyconducttheiractivitiesinaccordancewiththelaw.
Article8Labourersshall,throughtheassemblyofstaffandworkersortheircongress,orotherformsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoflaws,rulesandregulations,takepartindemocraticmanagementorconsultwiththeemployingunitsonanequalfootingaboutprotectionofthelegitimaterightsandinterestsoflabourers.
Article9ThelabouradministrativedepartmentoftheStateCouncilshallbeinchargeofthemanagementoflabourofthewholecountry.
Thelabouradministrativedepartmentsofthelocalpeople’sgovernmentsatorabovethecountylevelshallbeinchargeofthemanagementoflabourintheadministrativeareasundertheirrespectivejurisdiction.
ChapterII PromotionofEmployment
Article10TheStateshallcreateconditionsforemploymentandincreaseopportunitiesforemploymentbymeansofthepromotionofeconomicandsocialdevelopment.
TheStateshallencourageenterprises,institutionalorganizations,andsocietiestoinitiateindustriesorexpandbusinessesfortheincreaseofemploymentwithinthescopeofthestipulationsoflaws,andadministrativerulesandregulations.
TheStateshallsupportlabourerstogetjobsbyorganizingthemselvesonavoluntarybasisorbyengaginginindividualbusinesses.
Article11Localpeople’sgovernmentsatvariouslevelsshalltakemeasurestodevelopvariouskindsofjob—introductionagenciesandprovideemploymentservices.
Article12Labourersshallnotbediscriminatedagainstinemployment,regardlessoftheirethniccommunity,race,sex,orreligiousbelief.
Article13Femalesshallenjoyequalrightsasmalesinemployment.Itshallnotbeallowed,intherecruitmentofstaffandworkers,tousesexasapretextforexcludingfemalesformemploymentortoraiserecruitmentstandardsforthefemales,exceptforthetypesofworkorpoststhatarenotsuitableforfemalesasstipulatedbytheState.
Article14Wheretherearespecialstipulationsinlaws,rulesandregulationsontheemploymentofthedisabled,thepersonnelofnationalminorities,anddemobilizedarmymen,suchspecialstipulationsshallapply.
Article15Noemployingunitsshallbeallowedtorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16.
Unitsofliteratureandart,physicalcultureandsport,andspecialartsandcraftsthatneedtorecruitjuvenilesundertheageof16mustgothroughtheformalitiesofexaminationandapprovalaccordingtotherelevantprovisionsoftheStateandguarateetheirrighttocompulsoryeducation.
ChapterIII LabourContractsandCollectiveContracts
Article16Alabourcontractistheagreementreachedbetweenalabourerandanemployingunitfortheestablishmentofthelabourrelationshipandthedefinitionoftherights,interestsandobligationsofeachparty.
Alabourcontractshallbeconcludedwherealabourrelationshipistobeestablished.
Article17Conclusionandmodificationofalabourcontractshallfollowtheprinciplesofequality,voluntarinessandunanimitythroughconsultation,andshallnotruncountertothestipulationsoflaws,administrativerulesandregulations.
Alabourcontractonceconcludedinaccordancewiththelawshallpossesslegalbindingforce.Thepartiesinvolvedmustfulfilltheobligationsasstipulatedinthelabourcontract.
Article18Thefollowinglabourcontractsshallbeinvalid:
(1)labourcontractsconcludedinviolationoflaws,administrativerulesandregulations;and
(2)labourcontractsconcludedbyresortingtosuchmeasuresascheatingandintimidation.
Aninvalidlabourcontractshallhavenolegalbindingforcefromtheverybeginningofitsconclusion.Whereapartofalabourcontractisconfirmedasinvalidandwherethevalidityoftheremainingpartisnotaffected,theremainingpartshallremainvalid.
Theinvalidityofalabourcontractshallconfirmedbyalabourdisputearbitrationcommitteeorapeople’scourt.
Article19Alabourcontractshallbeconcludedinwrittenformandcontainthefollowingclauses:
1.termofalabourcontract;
2.contentsofwork;
3.labourprotectionandworkingconditions
4.labourremuneration;
5.labourdiscipline;
6.conditionsfortheterminationofalabourcontract;and
7.responsibilityfortheviolationofalabourcontract.
Apartfromtherequiredclausesspecifiedintheprecedingparagraph,othercontentsinalabourcontractmaybeagreeduponthroughconsultationbythepartiesinvolved.
Article20Thetermofalabourcontractshallbedividedintofixedterm,flexibletermortakingthecompletionofaspecificamountofworkasaterm.
Incasealabourerhaskeptworkinginasameemployingunitfortenyearsormoreandthepartiesinvolvedagreetoextendthetermofthelabourcontract,alabourcontractwithaflexibletermshallbeconcludedbetweenthemifthelabourersorequested.
Article21Aprobationperiodmaybeagreeduponinalabourcontract.Thelongestprobationperiodshallnotexceedsixmonths.
Article22Thepartiesinvolvedinalabourcontractmayreachanagreementintheirlabourcontractonmattersconcerningkeepinghecommercialsecretsoftheemployingunit.
Article23Alabourcontractshallterminateupontheexpirationofitstermortheemergenceoftheconditionsfortheterminationofthelabourcontractasagreeduponbythepartiesinvolved.
Article24Alabourcontractmayberevokeduponagreementreachedbetweenthepartiesinvolvedthroughconsultation.
Article25Theemployingunitmayrevokethelabourcontractwithalabourerinanyofthefollowingcircumstances:
1.tobeprovednotuptotherequirementsforrecruitmentduringtheprobationperiod;
2.toseriouslyviolatelabourdisciplinesortherulesandregulationsoftheemployingunits;
3.tocausegreatlossestotheemployingunitduetoseriousderelictionofdutyorengagementinmalpracticeforselfishends;and
4.tobeinvestigatedforcriminalresponsibilitiesinaccordancewiththelaw.
Article26Inanyofthefollowingcircumstances,theemployingunitmayrevokealabourcontractbutawrittennotificationshallbegiventothelabourer30daysinadvance:
1.wherealabourerisunabletotakeuphisoriginalworkoranynewworkarrangedbytheemployingunitafterthecompletionofhismedicaltreatmentforillnessorinjurynotsufferedatwork;
2.wherealabourerisunqualifiedforhisworkandremainsunqualifiedevenafterreceivingatrainingoranadjustmenttoanotherworkpost;and
3.noagreementonmodificationofthelabourcontractcanbereachedthroughconsultationbythepartiesinvolvedwhentheobjectiveconditionstakenasthebasisfortheconclusionofthecontracthavegreatlychangedsothattheoriginallabourcontractcannolongerbecarriedout.
Article27Duringtheperiodofstatutoryconsolidationwhentheemployingunitcomestothebrinkofbankruptcyorrunsdeepintodifficultiesinproductionandmanagement,andifreductionofitspersonnelbeco
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