大学英语Ⅲ.docx
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大学英语Ⅲ.docx
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大学英语Ⅲ
大学英语Ⅲ作业题一
PartI.ReadingComprehension(35minutes)
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
AtthistimethestateofSouthCarolinawashavinghardtimes.Yearafteryearthesoilhadbeenplantedtothesamecrop.Itwasfarmedbyuneducatedandcarelessslaves,andtheplantersknewlittleaboutsoilconservation.Becausethesoilwasbeginningtowearout,cropsweresmaller.TheyoungerpeoplewerenotsatisfiedtoraisecottononthepoorsoiloftheoldSouth.ManyofthemmovedwestwardandstartedcottonplantationsinAlabamaandMississippi.Moreover,somuchcottonhadbeenshippedtofactoriesinEnglandandNewEnglandthattheyhadasmuchcottonastheycoulduse.Thisbroughtthepriceofcottondown.Moreandmoreslaveswereneededtoworkonthenewandlargerplantations,andhigherandhigherpricesweredemandedforthem.Plantersfoundtheirexpensesrisingandtheirincomesfromthesaleofcottonreduced.HardtimeshadcometoSouthCarolina.
1.Thebesttitleofthispassageis___D___.
A)IgnoranceofPlantersAboutFarming
B)EconomicRivalryintheSouth
C)DeteriorationoftheSoilinSouthCarolina
D)EconomicDifficultiesofSouthCarolina
2.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbestsummarizethemainideaof
thepassage?
A
A)HardtimeshadcometoSouthCarolinaplanters.
B)Plantersfoundtheirexpensesrisingandtheirincomesfromthe
saleofcottonreduced.
C)YearafteryearthesoilofSouthCarolinahadbeenplantedwith
thesamecrop.
D)Becausethesoilwasbeginningtowearout,cropsweresmaller.
3.IndiscussingtheeconomyofSouthCarolina,oneoftheauthor's
assumptionsisthatthereaderunderstands___B___.
A)thelackofknowledgeonthepartofplantersandslaves
B)farmingmethodsinuseatthetime
C)thelawofsupplyanddemand
D)whymoreslaveswereneeded
4.PlantationsgrewinsizeinSouthCarolinamainlybecause__D___.
A)demandforcottonhaddecreasedB)plantersgrewrich
C)placeshadtobefoundforyoungpeople
D)soilwaslessproductive
5.Thefactthatcottonpriceswerefallingismentionedbytheauthorto
showthat____C__.
A)cottonshipmentsshouldhavebeenregulated
B)poorersoilproducedpoorerqualitycrops
C)theplanterswerehavinghardtimes
D)therewerereasonswhyyoungpeoplemovedwestward
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
AuniquelaboratoryattheUniversityofChicagoisbusyonlyatnight.Itisadreamlaboratorywhereresearchersareatworkstudyingdreamers.Theirfindingshaverevealedthateveryonedreamsfromthreetoseventimesanight,althoughinordinarylifeapersonmayremembernoneoronlyoneofhisdreams.
Whilethesubjects--usuallystudents--areasleep,specialmachinesrecordtheirbrainwavesandeyemovementsaswellasthebodymovementsthatsignaltheendofadream.Surprisingly,allsubjectssleepsoundly.
Observersreportthatapersonusuallymoveshisbodyrestlesslybeforeadream.Oncethedreamhasstarted,hisbodyrelaxesandhiseyesbecomemoreactive,asifthecurtainhadgoneuponashow.Assoonasthemachineindicatesthatthedreamisover,abuzzerwakensthesleeper.Hesitsup,recordshisdream,andgoesbacktosleep--perhapstodreamsomemore.
Researchershavefoundthatifthedreameriswakenedimmediatelyafterhisdream,hecanusuallyrecalltheentiredream.Ifheisallowedtosleepevenfivemoreminutes,hismemoryofthedreamwillhavefaded.
6.Accordingtothepassage,researchersattheUniversityofChicagoare
studying____D__.
A)thecontentofdreamsB)themeaningofdreams
C)theprocessofsleepingD)dreamerswhiletheydream
7.Theirfindingshaverevealedthat__A____.
A)everyonedreamseverynightB)dreamsareeasilyremembered
C)dreamsarelikelytobefrightening
D)personsdreamonlyonedreamanight
8.Justbeforeadreamasleeperwillusually_C_____.
A)relaxB)lieperfectly
C)giveanuneasymovementD)makemoreeyemovements
9.Inthedreamlaboratory,thedreamersarerecorded__D_____.
A)assoonasthestudentswakeinthemorning
B)atstatedintervalsduringthenight
C)aboutfiveminutesaftertheendofeachdream
D)immediatelyaftereachdream
10.Apersonismostlikelytorememberthedreamthat___C____.
A)isofmostinteresttohim
B)occursimmediatelyafterhegoestosleep
C)occursjustbeforehewakesup
D)bothA)andB)
Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Theexistenceofoilwellshasbeenwellknownforalongtime.SomeoftheIndiansofNorthAmericausedtocollectandselltheoilfromthewellsofPennsylvania.Noone,however,seemstohaverealizedtheimportanceofthisoiluntilitwasfoundthatparaffin-oilcouldbemadefromit;thisledtothedevelopmentofthewellsandtothemakingofenormousprofits.Whentheinternalcombustionenginewasinvented,oilbecameofworld-wideimportance.
Whatwastheoriginoftheoilwhichnowdrivesourmotor-carsandaircraft?
Scientistsareconfidentabouttheformationofcoal,buttheydonotseemsosurewhenaskedaboutoil.Theythinkthattheoilunderthesurfaceoftheearthoriginatedinthedistantpast,andwasformedfromlivingthingsinthesea.Countlessbillionsofminuteseacreaturesandplantslivedandsanktotheseabed.Theywerecoveredwithhugedepositsofmud,andbyprocessesofchemistry,pressureandtemperaturewerechangedthroughlongagesintowhatweknowasoil.Forthesecreaturestobecomeoil,itwasnecessarythattheyshouldbeimprisonedbetweenlayersofrockforanenormouslengthoftime.Thestatementthatoiloriginatedintheseaisconfirmedbyaglanceatamapshowingthechiefoilfieldsoftheworld;veryfewofthemarefardistantfromtheoceansoftoday.Insomeplacesgasandoilcomeuptothesurfaceoftheseafromitsbed.Therocksinwhichoilisfoundareofmarineorigintoo.Theyaresedimentaryrocks,rockswhichwerelaiddownbytheactionofwateronthebedoftheocean.Almostalwaystheirremainsofshells,andotherproofsofsealife,arefoundclosetotheoil.Averycommonsedimentaryrockiscalledshale,whichisasoftrockandwasobviouslyformedbybeingdepositedontheseabed.Andwherethereisshalethereislikelytobeoil.
Therearefourmainareasoftheworldwheredepositsofoilappear.ThefirstisthatoftheMiddleEast,andincludestheregionsneartheCaspianSea,theBlackSea,theRedSeaandthePersianGulf.AnotheristheareabetweenNorthandSouthAmerica,andthethird,betweenAsiaandAustralia,includestheIslandsofSumatra,BorneoandJava.
ThefourthareaisthepartneartheNorthPole.Whenallthepresentoil-fieldsareexhausted,itispossiblethatthiscoldregionmaybecomethesceneofoilactivity.Yetthedifficultieswillbegreat,andthecostsmaybesohighthatnocompanywillundertakethework.Ifprogressinusingatomicpowertodrivemachinesisfastenough,itispossiblethatoil-drivenenginesmaygiveplacetothenewkindofengine.Inthatcasethedemandforoilwillfall,theoilfieldswillgraduallydisappear,andthedepositsattheNorthPolemayrestwheretheyareforever.
11.Mineraloildidn'tbecomeveryimportantuntil____A___.
A)theinternalcombustionenginewasinvented
B)theoilwellsinPennsylvaniaweredeveloped
C)AmericanIndiansbegantocollectandsellit
D)oilfieldswereexhausted
12.Scientiststhinkthat____B___.
A)coalwasformedfromshaleunderthesurfaceoftheearth
B)oilwasformedfromseacreaturescaughtbetweenlayersofrock
C)oilwasformedfromlargedepositsofmudontheseabed
D)oilwasformedfromseawaterbyprocessesofchemistry,
pressureandtemperature
13."Wherethereisshale,thereislikelytobeoil."Theauthor
saysthisinordertoshowthat____D__.
A)oilwasfirstformedundersea
B)shaleisasedimentaryrock
C)oilwasmadefromshale
D)shaleisanotherformofoil
14.Thefirstthreeareasofoildepositsarementionedinasingle
paragraph,whereasthefourthareaismentionedinaseparate
paragraph.Thisisbecause____A__.
A)thefourthareahasnotbeendevelopedyetandmayneverbe
developed
B)thefourthareaisalongwayfromNorthAmerica
C)itsoilfieldsarealreadyexhausted
D)thefourthareaisagoodplacetodevelopatomicpower
15.Progressinusingatomicpowermay____C___.
A)saveallthetroubleofdrillingforoil
B)giverisetoanewkindofoil-drivenengine
C)reducethecostofdrillingneartheNorthPole
D)makeitnecessarytodrillneartheNorthPole
Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Averyimportantworldproblemistherapidlyincreasingpressureofpopulationonlandandonlandresources.
Itisnotsomuchtheactualpopulationoftheworldbutitsrateofincreasewhichisimportant.Itworksouttobeabout1.6percentperannumnetincrease.Intermsofnumbersthismeanssomethinglikefortytofifty-fivemillionadditionalpeopleeveryyear.Canadahasapopulationoftwentymillion--ratherlessthansixmonths'climbinworldpopulation.TakeAustralia.TherearetenmillionpeopleinAustralia.So,ittakestheworldlessthanthreemonthstoaddtoitselfapopulationwhichpeoplesthatvastcountry.Letustakeourowncrowdedcountry--EnglandandWales:
forty-fivetofiftymillionpeople--justaboutayear'ssupply.
Bythistimetomorrow,andeveryday,therewillbeaddedtotheearthabout120,000extrapeople,justaboutthepopulationofthecityofYork.
Thisenormousincreaseofpopulationwillcreateimmenseproblems.ByA.D.2000,unlesssomethingdesperatehappens,therewillbeasmanyas7,000,000,000peopleon
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