仁爱英语八年级下学期形容词副词专题讲解及练习无答案.docx
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仁爱英语八年级下学期形容词副词专题讲解及练习无答案.docx
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仁爱英语八年级下学期形容词副词专题讲解及练习无答案
形容词和副词
形容词用于修饰名词和代词,表示人或事物的性质和特征。
副词既可修饰动词,又可修饰形容词和其他副词,甚至整个句子。
考点一 形容词
(1)形容词修饰something,anything,somewhere等词时,形容词要放在后面。
Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.我有一些有趣的事情要告诉你。
(2)系动词+adj.
常见的系动词(系动词+adj.)有:
1.be/keep/make+adj.
2.感官动词:
look看起来,sound听起来,smell闻起来,taste品尝起来
3.四个变化:
turn/become/get/go
4.seem
(3)ing形容词常用于修饰或描述事物,常指事物对人的影响;ed形容词常用于描述人对事物的感受,主语一般是人。
常见的此类形容词:
interesting有趣的 interested感兴趣的
exciting令人兴奋的 excited感到兴奋的
Sheisinterestedinthisinterestingstorybook.
Hefeltsurprisedwhenheheardthesurprisingnews.
(4)形容词的常用句式
(1)“It's+adj.+of+sb.+todosth.”表示“某人做某事……”,这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词。
如:
good,kind,nice,polite,clever,foolish,lazy,careful等。
(2)“It‘s+adj.+for+sb.+todosth.”表示“做某事对某人来说,做某事是……的”,在这一句型中,常用描述做某事性质的形容词。
如:
easy,difficult,important,safe,dangerous等。
巩固练习
( )1.Frenchmenareoutgoing.Itis________tomakefriendswiththem.
A.easyB.proudC.politeD.important
( )2.Weallexpectthe________summerholidayaftertheexam.
A.twomonthB.twomonthC.twomonthsD.twomonths
( )3.—WhatdoyouthinkofthemovieTheFateoftheFurious8?
—Itis________!
Ienjoyitverymuch.
A.friendlyB.fantasticC.badD.noisy
( )4.—Whyareyousohappy,MrWu?
—Becausethemovieyesterdayeveningwasso_____anditmademe____.
A.moving;movingB.moving;moved
C.moved;movingD.moved;moved
( )5.—Whydon'tyoubuythesweater?
—It'stoo________,andIdon'thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.
A.niceB.expensiveC.popularD.cheap
( )6.—Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?
—Itwillbe________.
A.rainB.rainyC.rainingD.torain
( )7.Weoftenexercisetokeep________.
A.healthB.healthyC.healthilyD.unhealthy
( )8.It'sveryfriendly________himtohelpmewhenI'mintrouble.
A.forB.inC.of
考点二 副词的用法
1.程度副词一般放在所修饰的实义动词或形容词和副词前面,
注意:
enough作副词时,通常放在被修饰词的后面。
bigenough足够大
如:
Herunsfast.他跑得很快。
Hedidn'tworkhardenough.他工作不够努力。
2.副词的构成
构成
例词
与形容词同形的副词
enough,well,fast,late,early,hard,
形容词后直接加ly
careful—carefully,beautiful—beautifully
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,变y为i,再加ly
lucky—luckily,happy—happily
【注意】有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词,如:
lonely,lovely,friendly
巩固练习
( )1.—Doyouoftengofishingwithyourfather?
—No,________.Idon'tlikefishingatall.
A.neverB.oftenC.usuallyD.sometimes
( )2.WhenIwasonmywayhome,itsuddenlystartedtorain________.
A.heavilyB.quicklyC.hardly
( )3.—I'llbeawayforalongtime.
—Don'tworry.Shecanlookafteryourpet________.
A.carefulenoughB.enoughcareful
C.carefullyenoughD.enoughcarefully
()4.Itisraining_____.
A.hardB.bigC.heavy
( )5.—Mum,couldyouhelpmecookdinner?
Ihavenotime.
—Sorry,Idon'thaveanytime,________.
A.too B.also C.either
( )6.—Mum,canIdo________muchworkin________ashorttime?
A.so;soB.such;soC.so;suchD.such;such
( )7.Thesunisshining_____.You'dbetterwearsunglasseswhileyouareout.
A.brightly B.lightlyC.heavily
考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级
大多数形容词和副词都有三个等级:
原级、比较级(比较……,更……一些)和最高级(最……)。
1.形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化规则
(1)规则变化:
情况
变化规则
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词
直接加er,est
strong
stronger
strongest
以e结尾的词
加r,st
wide
wider
widest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的词
双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er,est(大红胖热湿瘦)
fat
thin
fatter
thinner
fattest
thinnest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词
变y为i,再加er,est
heavy
happy
heavier
happier
heaviest
happiest
多音节词及某些双音节词
在原级前加more,most
difficult
slowly
moredifficult
moreslowly
mostdifficult
mostslowly
(2)常见的不规则变化:
原级
比较级
最高级
good,well
better
best
bad,badly
worse
worst
many,much
more
most
little
less
least
far
farther,further
farthest,furthest
old
older,elder
oldest,eldest
注意:
副词(ly结尾的)比较级一般直接加more,最高级加most
2.原级的用法
(1)只能修饰原级的词有:
very,quite,too,so等。
(2)原级常用的句型结构:
结构
例句
“A+be/v.+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示“A和B程度相同”。
TomisasoldasKate.
TomrunsasfastasMike.
“A+be/v.+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B”表示“A不如B……”。
Thisroomisnotas/sobigasthatone.
Hedoesn'twalkasslowlyasyou.
3.比较级常用的句型结构
结构
例句
“A+be/v.+形容词/副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B……”。
TomistallerthanKate.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
Heisgettingtallerandtaller.Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.
“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。
Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyou'llmake.
“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,AorB?
”
Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?
“特殊疑问词+v.+副词比较级,AorB?
”
Whodrawsbetter,JennyorDanny?
[注意]比较级前一般可用much,alittle,alot,even,still,far,abit等来修饰。
4.最高级常用的句型结构
结构
例句
“主语+be/v.+the+形容词/副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。
Tomisthetallestinhisclass/ofallthestudents.
Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.
“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中国最大的城市之一。
“特殊疑问词+be/v.+the+最高级+A,B,orC?
”用于三者以上的比较。
Whichcountryisthelargest,China,BrazilorCanada?
哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?
表示“第几……”用“the+序数词+最高级+名词”。
LiMingisthesecondtalleststudentintheclass.李铭是班里第二高的学生。
[注意]形容词最高级前要加the,副词最高级前的the则可以省略。
巩固练习
( )1.Mr.Liuisareallyniceperson—the________personIknow.
A.nicerB.nicestC.happierD.happiest
( )2.—Isit_____cheaperand______enjoyabletotravelbytrainthanbyplane?
—Yes,Ithinkso.
A.very;verymoreB.even;alittleC.more;muchmoreD.much;farmore
( )3.JimstudiesbetterthanTom,butTomis________andhehasmorefriends.
A.friendlyB.morefriendlyC.themostfriendly
( )4.—HowdoyouimproveyourEnglish?
—________youspeak,________yourEnglishwillbe.
A.Theless;themoreB.Themore;thebetter
C.Theless;thebetterD.Themore;theless
( )5.—Theweatheristoobad!
—Soitis.It'sreportedthatitwillbeeven________lateron.
A.badB.BadlyC.worseD.worst
( )6.—IthinkthatJanewritesas________asMike.—Soshedoes.
A.carefulB.carefullyC.morecarefulD.morecarefully
( )7.Ifwewanttobethinnerandhealthier,weshouldeat__foodandtake__exercise.
A.less;moreB.more;lessC.more;fewerD.fewer;more
( )8.—Chinaisover5,000yearsold.It'soneof_______countriesintheworld.
—Yes.Ithasmuch________historythantheUS.
A.old;longB.older;longerC.older;thelongestD.theoldest;longer
课后练习
Exercise(比较级和副词)
一.A.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级
1.near________________________high______________________
2.warm_______________________clever_____________________
3.wet________________________blue____________________
4.nice________________________gentle______________________
5.safe_________________________wide_______________________
6.badly______________________long_______________________
7.heavy_______________________sunny_______________________
8.early_________________________dry_______________________
9.busy________________________happy______________________
10.easy________________________angry_______________________
11.hot__________________________little______________________
12.thin_________________________`fat_________________________
13.big_________________________good_______________________
14.wet_________________________`well_______________________
15.bad_________________________many_______________________
16.badly_______________________far_________________________
17.much_______________________
18.important__________________________________________
19.dangerous__________________________________________
20beautiful___________________________________________
21.difficult____________________________________________
22.brightly____________________________________________
23.strongly____________________________________________
24.expensive___________________________________________
25.quietly_____________________________________________
B.写出下列形容词的副词形式
1.bad___________nice___________beautiful___________
2.clever_________easy___________busy_______________
3.heavy_________angry__________happy______________
4.gentle_________wide___________safe________________
5.close__________late____________early________________
6.near___________fast___________good___________
二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空
Theflowersarevery_____________________.(beautiful)
2、Thegirlsaresittingthere______________________.(quiet)
3、They’retalkingvery_________________.(loud)
4、Wecangetthere_________________.(easy)
5、They’regettingreadyforthesportsmeeting__________________.(busy)
6、They’relivinga_________________life.(happy)
7、Thewindisblowing__________________.(strong)
8、Heplaysthepiano______________.(bad)
9、Theriverruns_________________downthehill.(gentle)
10、Thesunisshining_______________.(bright)
11、Themanisridinghishorsealongtheroad__________________.(slow)
12、Thegirlsings____________________________thantheboy.(beautiful)
13、Jackplaysfootball_________________thanDick.(bad)
14、Heisspeaking__________________.(angry)
15、Thechildrenarerunning__________________alongtheroad.(happy)
16、Sheruns__________________ofall.(fast)
17、Thesunisshining________________thisafternoonthanthismorning.(bright)
18、Jimworks___________________thanTom.(hard)
19、Hewalks___________________ofthethree.(far)
20、LittleTomissittingthere___________________ofall.(quiet)
三、选择填空
1.Thewhiteshirtisas________astheyellowone.
A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapestD.thecheapest
2.Youknow________aboutitthanTomdoes.
A.evenlittleB.evenlessC.morelittleD.moreless
3.Theearthisgetting________.
A.warmandwarmerB.warmerandwarm
C.warmerandwarmerD.warm,andwarm
4.Whichoneis________,footballorbasketball?
A.morepopular
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