英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解人生百味技巧小结及练习题.docx
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英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解人生百味技巧小结及练习题.docx
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英语高考英语高中英语阅读理解人生百味技巧小结及练习题
【英语】高考英语高中英语阅读理解(人生百味)技巧小结及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Whatmakesapersonagiverortaker?
Theidea"givevs.take"takesshapeinallinteractions(互动)andrelationshipsofourlives.We'reeithergivingadvice,makingtimeforpeople,orwe'reonthereceivingend.Wekeepchangingbetweenthetwobasedondifferentsituationsonadailybasis,ifnotanhourlyone.
AccordingtoAdamGrant,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania,mostpeoplearematchers.Theymakecarefulobservationsontakersandmakeitapointforthemtopaysomethingback.Theyhatetoseepeoplewhoactsogenerouslytowardsothersnotreceiveanyrewards.Actually,mostmatcherswilltryhardtopromoteandsupportgiverssothattheycangetthegoodtheydeserve.
Isthereagenderfactor(性别因素)thatplaysapartinthis?
AstudyledbyHannahRileyBowles,aprofessoratHarvardUniversity,focusedonthisquestion.Sheasked200seniormanagerstositdowninpairswhereonepersonwouldactasthebossandtheotherasanemployeetodiscusssalarypromotions.Male"employees"askedforanaveragesalaryof$146kwhilethefemalesaskedforonly$141k.Butwhydidtheynotbargainashardasthemen?
Simplybecausetheyweremorelikelytobegivers.
Asawoman,Idoenjoytheactofgivingupmytime,myknowledge,andmycareandmyattentiontoothers.Idon'texpectanythinginreturn,butIdotendtopullmyselfawaywhenIfeellikeI'mbeingtakenforgranted.IalsotendtogetupsetwhenIseealovedone'scontinuousactionsofkindnessgounnoticed.So,it'ssafetosayI'm50%giver,35%matcherand15%taker.
Idoknowsomeone,however,whois99%giver.They'reconstantlydevotingtheirtime,sharingvaluableinsights(洞察力)andgoingoutoftheirwayforeveryonewhocrossestheirpath.Althoughthey'rechangedthelivesofmanypeople,theyrarelyseeanyofitreturned.Buttheuniverseisslowlyrepayingthem;they'renowextremelysuccessful,wellknownforwhattheydo.
(1)Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.
A. mostpeoplethinktheyaregivers
B. peoplearenotalwaysgiversortakers
C. anindividualisborntobeagiverorataker
D. fewdifferencesexistbetweengiversandtakers
(2)InAdamGrant'sopinion,mostpeople________.
A. hatetakers
B. prefergivingtotaking
C. enjoyrelyingonthemselves
D. balancegivingandtaking
(3)Hannah'sstudyfocusedon________.
A. theroleofgivingandtakinginjobs
B. thegenderdifferenceingivingandtaking
C. theroleofmenandwomeninsociety
D. thesalarydifferencebetweenwomenandmen
(4)Theauthortendsto________.
A. thinkactsofkindnessshouldbevalued
B. expectsomethinginreturnforgivingmostofthetime
C. takegivingforgranted
D. beacompletematcher
(5)Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
A. Givingistheshortestpathtosuccess.
B. Sharingisthegreatesthumanquality.
C. Nogooddeedgoesundone.
D. Giversareworthrespecting.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)B
(4)A
(5)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,大多数人在寻求给予和接受之间的平衡,但是好的行为最终都会得到回报。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“We'reeithergivingadvice,makingtimeforpeople,orwe'reonthereceivingend.Wealternatebetweenthetwobasedondifferentsituationswefaceonadailybasis,itnotanhourlyone.”可知,我们根据每天面对的不同情况在两者之间交替。
我们有时是给予者有时是索取者。
故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Theymakecarefulobservationsontakersandmakeitapointforthemtopaysomethingback.Theyhatetoseepeoplewhoactsogenerouslytowardsothersnotreceiveanyrewards.Actually,mostmatcherswilltryhardtopromoteandsupportgiverssothattheycangetthegoodtheydeserve.”可知,在AdamGrant看来,大多数人在寻求给予和接受之间的平衡。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段可知,哈佛教授调查发现女子比男子更有可能是给予者,这表明这项实验集中于人们是给予者还是接受者的性别差异,故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“IalsotendtogetupsetwhenIseealovedone'scontinuousactionsofkindnessgounnoticed.”可知,作者不期望任何回报,但作者会在觉得他的善意没有受到注意的情况下感到沮丧,所以作者认为一个人的善意应该被珍惜。
故选A。
(5)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Buttheuniverseisslowlyrepayingthem;they'renowextremelysuccessful,wellknownforwhattheydo.”可知,好的行为最终都会得到回报,善有善报。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Weweresilentlywaitingontheplatforminthelateafternoon.Therehewas,my80-year-oldgrandfatherwithhissilveryhair.AndthereIwas,ateenagegirlinmyjeansandT-shirt.HisagedbutstillclearblueeyesweretakinginthesceneasIwonderedhowIwasgoingtogetthroughthenexttwodays.WhydidIeveragreetoaccompanymycrankygrandpaonatrainridefromNewYorktoGeorgia?
Nooneelsewantedtobethefellowtravelersincemygrandfatherrefusedtofly.Incontrast,IlovedtoflysinceIwantedtogettothedestinationasquicklyaspossible.Nomatterwhatanyonetoldmygrandfatheraboutthecomfortandsafetyofflying,herefusedtobookaflight,saying,"It'snotjustthetrip;it'stheadventureofgettingthere."
Withmyfirststepontothetrain,thejourneywasalreadydifferentfromwhatIexpected.Thetrainwasmodemandfilledwithfriendlytravelers.Wesettledintotheclubcar,wherewecouldenjoyfoodanddrinkswhilewatchingthescenerypass.Insteadoflisteningtomymusic,IbecameawillingaudienceandlearnedfamilyhistorythatIhadneverhadthetimeorpatiencetolearn.Withtearyeyes,hetoldmethatgoingtofamilyeventswashardforhimsincemygrandmotherdied.Italwaysmadehimthinkaboutthosewhowerenolongerwithus.ForthefirsttimeIfeltIunderstoodhim.Igainedanewappreciationforourtimetogether.
Inthisfast-pacedworld,weoftenmissimportantmoments.Thereisgreatsignificanceinlisteningtoelderswhoofferapieceoftheirhistoryandexperience.Imaybemoreopentoopportunitiestostaywithmygrandpa.Lifeisn'tjustaboutthedestination;it'saboutthejourney.
(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cranky"inparagraph1mean?
A. Health. B. Strange. C. Selfless. D. Outgoing.
(2)Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthejourneyatfirst?
A. Itwouldbeboring.
B. Shewouldlearnsomethingduringit.
C. Itwouldbeachancetoknowabouthergrandpa.
D. Shewouldenjoythebeautifulsceneduringit.
(3)Whatmadetheauthorchangeherattitudetowardsstayingwithhergrandpa?
A. Hergrandpa'sappreciationofher.
B. Hergrandpa'smissingherrelatives.
C. Thesadstoriesofhergrandmother.
D. Thenewunderstandingofhergrandpa.
(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A. Listeningtoelderswillhelpuslearnalot.
B. Caringforeldersneedsalotofcreativity.
C. Therealwaysisbeautifulsceneryalongthejourney.
D. Travellingbytrainismorecomfortablethanbyplane.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者通过讲述自己和爷爷坐火车的经历,说明了聆听长者讲述他们的历史和经历,意义重大。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第一段中的“Nooneelsewantedtobethefellowtravelersincemygrandfatherrefusedtofly.”自从我祖父拒绝坐飞机后,没有人愿意和我们一起旅行。
由此可知,WhydidIeveragreetoaccompanymycrankygrandpaonatrainridefromNewYorktoGeorgia?
的意思是我为什么要答应陪我那奇怪的爷爷从纽约坐火车去乔治亚州呢?
"cranky"的意思是奇怪的,故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“HisagedbutstillclearblueeyesweretakinginthesceneasIwonderedhowIwasgoingtogetthroughthenexttwodays.”他那双苍老但依然清澈的蓝眼睛看着眼前的情景,我不知道接下来的两天该怎么过。
由此推断出,起初,作者认为这次旅行非常无聊,故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
答案第三段中的“ForthefirsttimeIfeltIunderstoodhim.Igainedanewappreciationforourtimetogether.”我第一次觉得我理解了他。
我对我们在一起的时间有了新的认识。
由此可知,她对她爷爷的新认识让作者改变了她和爷爷在一起的态度,故选D。
(4)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Thereisgreatsignificanceinlisteningtoelderswhoofferapieceoftheirhistoryandexperience.”聆听长者讲述他们的历史和经历,意义重大。
可知,聆听长辈的话会帮助我们学到很多东西,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Itwasmanyyearsago.Iwasayoungdadsittingonthecouchreadingafairytaletomylittlegirl.ShesatnexttomewithherheadonmyarmasItoldthetale.WhenitcametotheendIfinishedwiththosefamouswords:
"Andtheylivedhappilyeverafter."AsIlookedovertoherwithherwavy(鬈曲的),brownhairandbig,innocenteyesIcouldseethesmileonherfaceandIneverwantedittoend.ThenitdawnedonmethattheendingofthebookwaswhatIwantedforher.Iwantedherto"livehappilyeverafter".
Still,deepinmyheartIknewthatthiscouldn'talwaysbeso.Iknewthattherewouldbetimeswhenherheartwasbroken.IknewtherewouldbetimeswhenshecriedingriefandIcouldn'tcomforther.Iknewtherewouldbetimeswhenallshefeltwasfear,sadness,sorrow,anddespair.AsIstrokedherhairandsmiledatherIhopedthatthosetimeswouldbebriefandthatshewouldhavejoyinherlifemoreoftenthannot.Livinghappilyeverafter,though,seemedoutofthequestion.
Ittakesmealotofyearstorealizethatitispossibletolivehappilyeverafter.Youjusthavetodoit"onedayatatime".Happinessyouseeisn'tsomerewardthatyougetattheendofyourjourney.Happinessisn'tsomethingthatdependsonwhatlifeyouown.Happinessissomethingyoucreateinyourlifechoicebychoiceanddaybyday.
Thetruthishappinesscomeswhenyoulove.LoveisagiftfromGod.Itislovethatmendsbrokenhearts.Itislovethathealsgrief.Itislovethatgivesusjoy.Chooseto"livehappilyeverafter,onedayatatime".
(1)Whatistheauthor'swishtohisdaughter?
A. Gettingagoodjobinthefuture. B. Makingmanyfriendsinherschool.
C. Travelingaroundtheworldinherlife.
D. Havingahappylifeeverafter.
(2)WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?
A. Life'smeaningconsistsindevotion.
B. Lifeisalwaysfullofdifficultiesandchallenges.
C. Therearetimes
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