语言学教程胡壮麟版综合测试题含标准答案.docx
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语言学教程胡壮麟版综合测试题含标准答案.docx
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语言学教程胡壮麟版综合测试题含标准答案
语言学教程(胡壮麟版)综合测试题含标准答案
英语语言学试卷
(一)
第一部分选择题
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)
1.Saussure’sdistinctionandChomsky’sareverysimilar,buttheydifferinthat____________.A.SaussuretookasociologicalviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookapsychologicalpointofview
B.SaussuretookapsychologicalviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookasociologicalpointofview
C.SaussuretookapragmaticviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookasemanticpointofview
D.SaussuretookastructuralviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookapragmaticpointofview
2.Languageisasystemof____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.A.unnaturalB.artificial
C.superficialD.arbitrary
3.Wearebornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,_______________.
A.andthedetailsofanylanguagesystemaregeneticallytransmitted
B.therefore,weneedn’tlearnthedetailsofourmothertongue
C.butthedetailsoflanguagehavetobelearnt.
D.andthedetailsareacquiredbyinstinct
4.A(n)________isaphonologicalunitofdistinctivevalue.Itisacollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.A.phoneB.allophone
C.phonemeD.sound
5.Themorpheme–edintheword“worked”isa(n)__________morpheme.A.derivationalB.inflectional
C.freeD.word-forming
6.WH-movementis__________inEnglishwhichchangesasentencefromaffirmativetointerrogative.A.obligatoryB.optional
C.selectionalD.arbitrary
7.Namingtheory,oneoftheoldestnotionsconcerningmeaning,wasproposedby_____________.A.GriceB.Plato
C.SaussureD.OgdenandRichards
8.“Johnmarriedablondheiress.”__________“Johnmarriedablond.”A.issynonymouswithB.isinconsistentwith
C.entailsD.presupposes
9.Insemanticanalysisofasentence,thebasicunitiscalled____________,whichistheabstractionofthemeaningofasentence.A.utteranceB.reference
C.predicationD.morpheme
10.InAustin’sspeechacttheory,___________istheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention;itistheactperformedinsayingsomething.A.aperlocutionaryactB.alocutionaryact
C.aconstativeactD.anillocutionaryact
特特外语专业考研门户特特外语专业考研门户特特外语专业考研门户特特外语专业考研门户
第二部分非选择题
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11.P___________relatesthestudyoflanguagetopsychology.Itaimstoanswersuchquestionsashowthehumanmindworkswhenpeopleuselanguage.
12.Ad_________studyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy;itstudiesthehistoricaldevelopmentoflanguageoveraperiodoftime.
13.Languageisasystem,whichconsistsoftwosetsofstructures,ortwolevels.Atthelowerlevel,thereisastructureofmeaninglesssounds,whichcanbecombinedintoalargenumberofmeaningfulunitsatthehigherlevel.Thisdesignfeatureiscalledd___________.
14.Thearticulatoryapparatusofahumanbeingiscontainedinthreeimportantareas:
thepharyngealcavity,theo_________cavityandthenasalcavity.
15.Thelocalizationofcognitiveandperceptualfunctionsinaparticularhemisphereofthebrainiscalledl_____________.
16.S_____________featuressuchasstress,toneandintonationcaninfluencetheinterpretationofmeaning.
17.Phrasestructurerulescangenerateaninfinitenumberofsentences,andsentenceswithinfinitelength,duetotheirr_________properties.
18.H__________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,orinboth.
19.Someimportantmissionsofhistoricallinguistsaretoidentifyandclassifyfamiliesofrelatedlanguagesinagenealogicalfamilytree,andtoreconstructthep____________,theoriginalformofalanguagefamilythathasceasedtoexist.
20.InSociolinguistics,speakersaretreatedasmembersofsocialgroups.Thesocialgroupisolatedforanygivenstudyiscalledthespeechc___________.
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.(2%X10=20%)
()21.Linguistsbelievethatwhateveroccursinthelanguagepeopleuseshouldbedescribedandanalyzedintheirinvestigation.
()22.Languageisarbitraryinthesensethatthereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweenwordsandwhatthesewordsactuallyreferto.
()23.Theconclusionswereachaboutthephonologyofonelanguagecanbegeneralizedintothestudyofanotherlanguage.
()24.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinEnglishbecauseEnglish,unlikeChinese,isatypicaltonelanguage.
()25.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber,andyetthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.
()26.Whenwethinkofaconcept,weactuallytrytoseetheimageofsomethinginourmind’seyeeverytimewecomeacrossalinguisticsymbol.
()27.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.Forexample,“Goodmorning!
”canberestoredto“Iwishyouagoodmorning.”
()28.Twopeoplewhoarebornandbroughtupinthesametownandspeakthesameregionaldialectmayspeakdifferentlybecauseofanumberofsocialfactors.
()29.BlackEnglishislinguisticallyinferiortostandardEnglishbecauseBlackEnglishisnotassystematicasstandardEnglish.
()30.Anychildwhoiscapableofacquiringsomeparticularhumanlanguageiscapableofacquiringanyhumanlanguagespontaneouslyandeffortlessly.
IV.Directions:
Explainthefollowingterms.(3%X10=30%)
31.parole:
32.broadtranscription:
33.allophones:
34.phrasestructurerules:
35.context
36.HistoricalLinguistics:
37.standardlanguage:
38.linguistictaboo:
39.acculturation:
40.care-takerspeech:
V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)
41.Enumeratethreecausesthatleadtothesystematicoccurrenceoferrorsinsecondlanguageacquisitionandgiveyourexamples.
42.EnglishhasundergonetremendouschangessinceitsAnglo-Saxondays.Identifythemajorperiodsinitshistoricaldevelopmentandnamemajorhistoricaleventsthatledtothetransitionfromoneperiodtothenext.
英语语言学试卷答案
(一)
第一部分选择题
I.Directions:
Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)
1.A2.D3.C4.C5.B6.A7.B8.C9.C10.D
第二部分非选择题
II.Directions:
Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)
11.Psycholinguistics
12.diachronic
13.duality
14.oral
15.lateralization
16.Suprasegmental
17.recursive
18.Homonymy
19.protolanguage
20.community
III.Directions:
Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.(2%X10=20%)
(T)21.Linguistsbelievethatwhateveroccursinthelanguagepeopleuseshouldbedescribedandanalyzedintheirinvestigation.
(T)22.Languageisarbitraryinthesensethatthereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweenwordsandwhatthesewordsactuallyreferto.
(F)23.Theconclusionswereachaboutthephonologyofonelanguagecanbegeneralizedintothestudyofanotherlanguage.
(F)24.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinEnglishbecauseEnglish,unlikeChinese,isatypicaltonelanguage.
特特外语专业考研门户特特外语专业考研门户特特外语专业考研门户
(T)25.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber,andyetthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.
(F)26.Whenwethinkofaconcept,weactuallytrytoseetheimageofsomethinginourmind’seyeeverytimewecomeacrossalinguisticsymbol.
(F)27.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.Forexample,“Goodmorning!
”canberestoredto“Iwishyouagoodmorning.”
(T)28.Twopeoplewhoarebornandbroughtupinthesametownandspeakthesameregionaldialectmayspeakdifferentlybecauseofanumberofsocialfactors.
(F)29.BlackEnglishislinguisticallyinferiortostandardEnglishbecauseBlackEnglishisnotassystematicasstandardEnglish.
(T)30.Anychildwhoiscapableofacquiringsomeparticularhumanlanguageiscapableofacquiringanyhumanlanguagespontaneouslyandeffortlessly.
IV.Directions:
Explainthefollowingterms.(3%X10=30%)
31.parole:
Itreferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.Itisconcreteandvarieswithcontext.
32.Broadtranscriptionisthetranscriptionwithlettersymbolsonly.Itisthetranscriptionnormallyusedindictionariesandteachingtextbooks.
33.Allophonesarethedifferentphonesthatrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironments.
34.Phrasestructurerulesaretherewriteruleswhichallowforthepossiblecombinationofwor
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