高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案.docx
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高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案.docx
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高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Haveyoueverimaginedwhatitwouldbeliketoseetheworldthroughananimal'seyes?
Forexample,whatachimpanzeeseesasitsitsatthetopofatree,orapenguin'sviewasitdivesintotheseatocatchitsdinner?
ThesequestionsareansweredinthenaturedocumentaryAnimalswithCameras,producedbytheBBC.Thethree-partserieswasfirstairedintheUKlastmonth.Toexploreanimalstories"told"bytheanimalsthemselves,thedocumentary'sfilmmakersworkedwithscientiststodevelopcamerasthatwildanimalscouldwear.
"Neverbeforehaveweseensuchhigh-qualityfootage(连续镜头)directlyfromtheanimal'spointofview,"BBCNatureexecutiveproducerFredKaufmantoldPBS."Thisminiseriesgreatlyexpandsourcomprehensionofanimalbehaviorandthiscameratechnologyopensupnewpossibilitiesfordiscoveringsomuchmore."
Indeed,thegroundbreakingtechnologyprovidesanewviewpointoftheanimalkingdom.Newcameraswithenoughbatterylifetoshootforhoursatatimeweredesignedtobecomfortableenoughforanimalstowear,accordingtothedocumentary'scameradesignerChrisWatts.
Thetechnicalchallengesdidn'tstopthere.Someanimalswereverycuriousabouttheequipment,withsomeevenfightingeachotherforthechancetowearacamera.Inthecaseofchimpanzees,"wehadtocreatedummy(仿造的)cameras,sothateverychimpanzeecouldgetone",theminiseries'wildlifecameramanGordonBuchanantoldLiveScience.
Foranimalsthatwerecomfortableenoughtobewithhumanbeings,thecamerascouldbefittedandremovedbyhand.Butforothers,thecamerascameoffautomaticallyusingatimedreleaseandwerecollectedafterward.Thismeantthatthecamerasneededtobeastoughaspossible.
Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,scientistswhoweregoodatdealingwithwildlifecametohelpbyputtingthecamerasontheanimals."Thelastthingwewanttodoiscausethemdistress."thedocumentary'sproducerDanReestoldtheBBC."Tofollowananimalinthefirstplace,therehadtobeaclearbenefitintermsofknowledgeaboutitthatmightbeusefultoprotectingaspeciesinthefuture.
Theireffortscertainlypaidoff."Footagethatcaptures(捕捉)theserareandexcitingglimpsesofanimalsbiddenhabitsisimportanttoscientists,butdocumentarieslikeAnimalswithCamerasalsoresonatewith(引起共鸣)audiences,connectingthemwiththebeauty-anddanger-ofwildlifeintheirnaturalenvironments,"LiveSciencenoted.
(1)Accordingtothetext,AnimalswithCameras .
A.isadocumentarymadebywildlifeexperts
B.presentshigh-qualityfootageofanimalsforthefirsttime
C.showswildlifefromtheuniqueviewpointofanimals
D.mainlyrecordsthelifeofchimpanzeesandpenguins
(2)Thecaseofchimpanzeesisusedto .
A.reflecttheweaknessofthecameratechnology
B.presenthowfilmmakersputcamerasonchimpanzees
C.explainwhychimpanzeeswereattractedbytheequipment
D.showhowfilmmakersdealtwiththechallengesinshooting
(3)Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,filmmakers .
A.setupaprotectedareaforthemtolivein
B.invitedscientiststohelpequipthemwithcameras
C.madethecameraslooklikeanimalsindisguise
D.fittedandremovedthecamerasbyhand
(4)Theauthor'sattitudetowardthedocumentarycanbedescribedas .
A.changing
B.supportive
C.cautious
D.pessimistic
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了研究人员使用最新的相机技术,让人们从动物的视角看世界。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"Toexploreanimalstories‘told’bytheanimalsthemselves,thedocumentary'sfilmmakersworkedwithscientiststodevelopcamerasthatwildanimalscouldwear."可知研究人员让动物带上相机来拍摄野生动物的世界。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的"Thetechnicalchallengesdidn'tstopthere.Someanimalswereverycuriousabouttheequipment,withsomeevenfightingeachotherforthechancetowearacamera."可知很多动物对这种相机非常好奇,甚至会为佩戴相机而打斗。
这就需要人们把这些相机制造得更加牢固,以便更好地拍摄。
第五段最后所列举的猩猩的例子正是为了证明这一点。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的"Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,scientistswhoweregoodatdealingwithwildlifecametohelpbyputtingthecamerasontheanimals."可知为了避免妨碍动物,研究人员邀请科学家帮助他们给动物带上相机。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的"Footagethatcaptures(捕捉)theserareandexcitingglimpsesofanimalsbiddenhabitsisimportanttoscientists,butdocumentarieslikeAnimalswithCamerasalsoresonatewith(引起共鸣)audiences,connectingthemwiththebeauty-anddanger-ofwildlifeintheirnaturalenvironments"可知作者认为这种相机拍摄的连续镜头对于科学研究十分重要,这种纪录片能够引起观众的共鸣,让人们欣赏到美景,也让他们意识到自然环境下野生动物面临的危险。
这些说明作者对这一纪录片持支持态度。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Evenifyou'veneverbeentoPhoenix,youknowthisabouttheplaceIt'shot.FromJunetoSeptember,thetemperaturecaneasilysurpassthecenturymark.Butthatdoesn'tstophikersfromattemptingthe1.3-milehikingtothetopofthecity'sfamedCamelbackMountain.Signswarnthatthetrailis"extremelydifficult".Ifyoucontinue,apostedchecklistsuggestsatleastaliterofwaterperperson.Andifyou'restillnotstopped,anothersignfartherupdeclares:
"Ifyou'rehalfwaythroughyourwater,turnaround!
"
Unfortunately,manypeopletonottakethewarningsseriously.Fortunatey,ScottCullymoredoes.The53-year-oldCullymorecanbefoundhikingupanddownCamelbackacoupleoftimesaday,givingoutcoldbottlesofwatertoworn-outhikers.Hehashelpedhydratesomanyhikersthathehasearnedaheavenlynickname:
theWaterAngel.
CullymorewasonCamelbackMountainonedayin2015whenaBritishtouristdiedafterbeinglostfornearlysixhoursintheJulyheat.ThatexperienceinspiredhimtostarthelpingpeoplecaughtunawarebythecrueltyofMotherNature."Theyunderestimatethemountain,andtheyoverestimatewhattheycando,andtheygetthemselvesintrouble."hewarned.
Onehikerwhowasofferedwateragrees."Youthinkyouknowtheheat,butthenyougetouthereinthedesertanditsurroundsyoulikeablanket,"saidAustinHill,whowashikingwithahighschoolfriend.Theywerelucky,hesaidpointingtoCullymore."WeranintothisGoodSamaritanhere."Andwiththat,theWaterAngelgoesinsearchofanotherhikerinneed.
(1)Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?
A. Therisksinvolvedinthehiking.
B. Theseriousnessofthewarnings.
C. Thedistributionofsignsthatwarnhikers. D. Theinfluenceofthetemperatureonhikers.
(2)WhydidsomehikersonCamelbackMountaingetintrouble?
A. Theywerenotwelltrainedinhiking.
B. Theyforgottotakeenoughwaterwiththem.
C. Theyweretoooptimisticaboutthesituation.
D. Theywerenotfitenoughtohikethemountain.
(3)WhatcanweknowaboutAustinHill?
A. Heagreedtohelpothers. B. HewassavedbyCullymore.
C. Hehikedaloneinthedesert. D. Heregrettedtakingablanket.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A. TheCamelbackMountain
B. SurvivingtheHeat
C. HikersinNeed D. TheWaterAngel
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,远足者低估夏日的CamelbackMountain同时高估自己的能力,所以在远足途中遇到麻烦,Cullymore了解情况后决定帮助他们。
Cullymore通过在炎炎夏日给那些远足者提供水而被人们亲切地称为“水天使”。
(1)考查段落大意。
根据第一段中的”FromJunetoSeptember,thetemperaturecaneasilysurpassthecenturymark“;”Signswarnthatthetrailis‘extremelydifficult’“;”Ifyoucontinue,apostedchecklistsuggestsatleastaliterofwaterperperson.“和“Ifyou'rehalfwaythroughyourwater,turnaround!
”可知在夏天去CamelbackMountain远足是非常艰难的,原因有两个:
一个是温度很高,另一个是水。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Theyunderestimatethemountain,andtheyoverestimatewhattheycando,andtheygetthemselvesintrouble.“可知人们低估了这座山,同时高估了自己的能力,因此他们陷入麻烦中,即对情况感到过于乐观导致他们涉险。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的”Theywerelucky,hesaidpointingtoCullymore.‘WeranintothisGoodSamaritanhere.’”可知AustinHill说他们很幸运,因为他们遇到了Cullymore这个乐善好施的人,故推测Cullymore救了他。
故选B。
(4)考查主旨大意。
根据第二段中的“Hehashelpedhydratesomanyhikersthathehasearnedaheavenlynickname:
theWaterAngel.”和最后一段中的“Andwiththat,theWaterAngelgoesinsearchofanotherhikerinneed.”以及文章主要内容可知,本文主要叙述了Cullymore通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们,从而得到“水天使”的昵称,即本文主要讲述“水天使”的故事。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Atonetimeoranotherinyourlifeyouhaveprobablydoneorigami,evenifitwasjustmakingapaperairplaneorsomethingmorecomplicatedlikeapapercrane.Thechancesarethatasyoudidit,youreflectedonhowinventivethistraditionalartis.Animals,boxes,flowers,boats:
itallcanbecreatedfromasinglesquareorrectangularsheetofpapersimplybyfoldingit.Nocutting,nopasting.
Butdidyoueverstoptothinkhowthesametechniquesmightbeappliedtoengineering?
Equipmentthatcouldbeofrealpracticaluse?
Origamimeetsthedemandforthingsthatneedtobesmallwhentransportedandlargewhentheyarrive,liketheeverydayumbrella.Infact,origami-inspiredcreationshavealreadyflowninspace;in1995,Japaneseengineerslaunchedasatellitewithsolarpanelsthatfoldedlikeamap.
'It'snowmathematicallyproventhatyoucanprettymuchfoldanything,"saysphysicistRobertJ.Lang,whoquithisengineeringjobeightyearsagotofoldthingsfulltime.Lang,anorigamienthusiastsinceagesix,advisedaadvisedwell-knownearmanufacturerthebestwaytofoldanairbagintoadashboard.Heiscurrentlyworkingonaspacetelescopelensthat,ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,shouldbeabletounfoldtothesizeofafootballfield.
Attheotherendofthescale,researchersarealsoworkingontinyfoldingdevicesthatcouldleadtobreakthroughsinmedicineandcomputing.There'snodoubtthatcomputersofthe
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