初中英语定语从句讲解+试题策略.docx
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初中英语定语从句讲解+试题策略.docx
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初中英语定语从句讲解+试题策略
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句放在先行词后面。
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
本章只介绍限定性定语从句。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that、which、who、which、whose和关系副词where、when,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,在定语从句中担当某一成份。
关系代词和关系副词的作用:
先行词指物时,关系代词用that或which(在句中作主语或宾语)。
如:
Chinaisacountrywhich/thathasalargepopulation.
Thecomputergamewhich/thatheisplayingishisfavorite.
先行词指人时,关系代词用(who)作主语或宾语,whom(作宾语),whose(作定语),that(作主语或宾语)。
如:
Themanwhoismendingthemachinehasbeenretired.
Thisisthepolicemanwho/whomtheyweretalkingaboutyesterday.
Ilikethegirlwhosemotherisanactor.
注意:
下列情况下关系代词只用that而不用which或who。
先行词是指物的不代词,如:
all,little,few,much,none,anything,nothing,everything等时。
如:
Ididn'tunderstandthewordsallthathesaid.
2.先行词由最高级、序数词以及any,very,only,all,no,just等所修饰。
如:
ThisisthemostbeautifulplacethatIhavebeento.
行词既包括人,也包括物。
如:
Theyalwaysliketotalkaboutthemanandthethingsthattheyseeontheroad.
当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。
如:
whoisthemanthatopenedupthelab.
例题解析:
举一反三,学的更轻松!
Heisafriend______canhelpyouintimeofneed.
A.whohe B.whose C./ D.who
解析:
引导词在定语从句中做主语,指人。
应选D。
Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.
A.which,that B.that,which C.which,which D.that,that
解析:
先行词前有序数词,最高级时,引导次只能用that.应选D.
Thisistheonlyoneofthesebooksthat______worthreading.
A.has B.have C.is D.are
解析:
引导词that在句中作主语,代指one,应选C。
Theman______talkedtoyoujustnowismyfather.
A.who B.he C.which D.whose
解析:
引导词在句中作主语指人,应选A.
Theythought toomuchabout ______.
A.whichIhadsaid B.whatIhadsaid
C.thatIhadsaid D.Ihadsaid
解析:
此题引导词作在从句中作宾语,表示说话的内容,应选B。
练习与巩固:
熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
一、选择最佳答案填空:
1. Didyoufindthenotebook______Jimhadgivenmeformybirthday?
A.who B. whom C.which D.whose
2.That'sall______Ihaveseenandheard.
A.which B.that C.where D.what
3.Haveyouseentheman______planweweretalkingabout______yesterday?
A. who,them B.its,them C.whose,/ D.whose,them
4.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes______offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.
A.whicharenot B.thathavenotbeen C.thathasnot D.thathasnotbeen
5.Heneverreadsanything______isnotworthreading.
A.that B.as C.who D.which
6.Theman________coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.
A.who's B.whose C.that D.ofwhich
7._________cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst.
A.Anyone B.thosewhoo C.However D.Theonewho
8.Thepolicecaughttheman_______stolemyhandbag.
A.he B.that C.whom D.which
9.Thegirl________isreadingunderthetree________mysister.
A.which,is B.whom,was C.who,is D.who,was
10.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher_______ lovedclimbing.
A.who B.whom C.he D.which
1-5 CDCBA 6-10BDBCA
Henrywasanofficeworkerinabigcity.
Henrywasanofficeworkerinabigcity.Heworkedveryhardandenjoyedtravelinginhisholidays.Heusuallywenttotheseaside,butoneyearhesawanadvertisementinanewspaper.“Enjoycountrylife.SpendafewweeksatWestHillFarm.Goodfood.Freshair.Horseriding.Walking.Fishing.Cheapandinteresting.”
“Thissoundsagoodidea,”hethought.“I’llspendamonthatWestHillFarm.IthinkIcanenjoyhorseriding,walkingandfishing.They’llmakeachangefromsittingbytheseasideandswimming.”Hewrotetothefarmer.IntheletterhesaidthathewouldliketospendallofJulythere.ThenonthefirstofJuly,heleftforWestHillFarm.
Butfourdayslater,hereturnedhome.
“WhatwaswrongwithWestHillFarm?
”hisbestfriend,Ed,askedhim.“Didn’tyouenjoycountrylife?
”
“Countrylifewasverygood,”Henrysaid.“Buttherewasanotherproblem.”
“Oh.What?
”
“Well,”hesaid,“thefirstdayIwasthereasheepdied,andwehadroastmuttonfordinner.”
“What'swrongwiththat?
”Edasked.“Freshmeatisthebest.”
“Iknow,butontheseconddayacowdied,andwehadroastbeeffordinner.”
“Luckyyou!
”
“Youdon'tunderstand,”Henrysaid.“Onthethirddayapigdiedandwehadroastporkfordinner.”
“Adifferentmeateveryday,”Edsaidloudly,“andyouarecomplaining!
”
“Letmefinish,”Henrysaid.“Onthefourthdaythefarmerdied,andIdidn'tdare(敢) stayfordinner!
”
1.HowdidHenryfindoutaboutthefarm?
A.Hesawitinanewspaperadvertisement. B.Hisbestfriendtoldhim.
C.Hewrotetothefarmer.D.Maybehelearneditfromtheradio.
2.Henrycamebackhomeseveraldayslaterbecause________.
A.hedidn'tlikethecountrylifeatallB.thefarmerwasn’tfriendlytohim
C.hisholidaywasoverD.hethoughthemighthavetoeatthefarmer
3.“…andyouarecomplaining!
”,theword“complain”means______.
A.夸奖 B.解释 C.抱怨 D.故弄玄虚
4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?
A.Edcouldeatadifferentkindofmeateveryday.
B.Henrythoughthecouldenjoyachange.
C.Henrycouldn'tthinkofanythingelsetodo,sohewenttothefarm.
D.Thefarmerdiedbecauseofthebadmeatheate.
5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Whatabeautifulfarm!
B.Haveagoodtime.C.Ashortholiday D.Henryandthefarmer.
Afarmerhadacow.
Afarmerhadacow.Hetookverygoodcareofthiscowandonedaywhenitwasill,hewasveryworried.Hetelephonedthevet.
“What’stheproblem?
”Thevetaskedhimwhenhearrived.
“Mycow’sill,”thefarmersaid.“Idon’tknowwhat'sthematterwithher.She’slyingdownandwon’teat.She’smakingastrangenoise.”
Thevetlookedoverthecow."She’scertainlyill,"hesaid,"andsheneedstotakesomeverystrongmedicine."
Hetookabottleoutofhisbox,puttwopillsintohishandandsaid,"Giveherthese.Thepillsshouldmakeherbetter."
“HowshouldIgivethemtoher?
”thefarmerasked.
Thevetgavehimatube(管子)andsaid,"Putthistubeinhermouth,thenputthepillsinthetubeandblow.That’llmakeit."
Thenextdaythevetcametothefarmagain.Thefarmerwassittingoutsidehishouseandlookedmoreworried.
“How’syourcow?
”thevetasked.
“Nochange,”thefarmersaid,“andI’mfeelingverystrangemyself.”
“Oh?
”thevetsaid,"Why?
"
“Ididwhatyousaid,”thefarmeranswered.“Iputthetubeinthecow’smouthandthenputtwopillsdownit.”
“And?
”thevetasked.
“Thecowblewfirst,”thefarmersaid.
1.Inthestory,thevetmustbe_________.
A.thefarmer'sfriend B.amilkfactory C.ahospitalforcows D.adoctorforanimals
2.Thefarmeraskedthevetforhelpwhenhiscow_______
A.couldn'tliedown B.didn'teatthepills C.couldn'tmakeanynoise D.wasill
3.Whatmedicinedidthevetgivethefarmer?
A.Bottleofpills. B.Alongtube. C.Twopills. D.Asmallbox.
4.Thevettaughtthefarmerhow_________.
A.toblowthetube B.tomakethecowtakethepills
C.totakethemedicine D.toputthetubeinhismouth
5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Thefarmeratethepillshimself.
B.Thecowgotbetteraftertakingthemedicine.
C.Thevetcametohelpthefarmerchangethecowthenextday.
D.Thefarmerwaitedforthevetoutsidehishousethenextday.
EllenParkerwasworriedaboutherhealth.
EllenParkerwasworriedaboutherhealth.Shecouldnotwalkveryquicklyanditwasdifficultforhertoclimbstairs.Shewassoonoutofbreath(气喘吁吁).
“IsupposeIhadbettergotothedoctor,”shethought.
Shewenttothedoctorandtoldhimherproblem.
“I’mnotsurprisedatall,”hesaid.“It’sobviouswhatyourproblemis.”
Helookedheroverthengavehersomeadvice.
“Ifyoudon’tdowhatIsay,Mrs.Parker,”hesaid,“youwillhaveaheartattack.Itcouldkillyou.”
EllenParkerwasveryworriedassheleftthedoctor’s.Sheknewthatshehadtotakehisadvicebutthatitwouldnotbeeasyanditwouldtaketime.
Thenextdayshewentshopping.Thefirstshopshewentintowasabutcher’sshop(肉铺).
“I’dliketenpoundsofsteak(牛排),please,”shesaid.
“Certainly,madam,”thebutcherrepliedandwentintothecoldroomandfoundalargepieceofsteak.
Hebroughtthehugepieceofmeatbackintotheshopandputitonthescale(秤).
“That’sjustundertenpounds,”hesaid.
“Thatbigenough,”Mrs.Parkersaid.
Thebutcherworkedouttheprice.
“At$4.99apoundthatwillbe$49.50,please.Wouldyoulikemetocutitupintosmallerpiecesforyou?
”
“Oh,Idon’twanttobuythemeat,”Mrs.Parkersaid.
“Ifyoudon’twanttobuyit,”thebutcherrepliedangrily,“whydidyouaskmetogetitforyou?
”
“MydoctortoldmethatIamover-weightandIhavetolosetenpounds.Iwantedtoseewhattenpoundsofmeatlookedlike.”
1.WhydidEllenParkervisitthedoctor?
A.Shehadhadaheartattack. B.Shehadaproblemwithherhealth.
C.Shewasunhappyaboutherweight. D.Shecouldnotsleepwell.
2.Whatdidthedoctoradvisehertodo?
A.Toloseweight. B.Toeatmoremeat.
C.Tocomeandseehimagain. D.Tolookafterherheart.
3.WhydidEllenParkeraskfortenpoundsofsteak?
A.Shewantedtobuysomefordinner. B.Shewantedtoloseweight.
C.Herdoctorhadtoldhertoeatsteak.D.Shewantedtoseewhattenpoundsofmeatlookedlike.
4.WhatwasEllenParker'srealproblem?
A.Sheatetoomuchsteak. B.Sheweighedtoomuch.
C.Thedoctordidnotknow. D.Shecouldnotwalkveryquickly.
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