高考英语词汇400题及详解注释.docx
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高考英语词汇400题及详解注释.docx
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高考英语词汇400题及详解注释
高考英语词汇400题及详解注释
1.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully
_____.
A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.absorbedD.considered
[答案]D.considered
[注释]considered考虑;admit承认;absorb吸收。
[注意]acknowledge1)(=agreeoradmitthetruthof;confess)承认,供认;A.He
acknowledgedhismistake.(他承认了他的错误。
)B.接动名词Heacknowledged
havingbeenbeaten.(他承认被打败了。
)2)(expressthanksfor)致谢;A.Mary
acknowledgedthegiftwithapleasantletter.(玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。
)B.His
longservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.(向他赠送礼品以
感谢他长期来对公司的服务。
)
2.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpoolwithouthis
parents'_____.
A.commandB.convictionC.consentD.compromise
[答案]C.consent
[注释]consent同意,赞成,答应。
conviction深信,确信。
compromise妥协,折
中。
command命令,指令;掌握,运用能力。
3.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeabletochangebrain
chemistry.
A.powerfulB.influentialC.monstrousD.vigorous
[答案]A.powerful
[注释]powerful(=havingorproducinggreatpower)强有力的。
在这里四个形容词
中,只有powerful(有效力的)可与表示药物的名词搭配。
influential有影响的,
有势力的,monstrous异常大的,vigorous精力旺盛的,强健有力的。
4.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthehighway.
A.vanishedB.abandonedC.scatteredD.rejected
[答案]B.abandoned
[注释]abandoned(=giveupcompletely)放弃,抛弃;1)Thescientistabandonedhis
researchforlackoffund.2)Thesailorsabandonedtheburningship
[注意]abandon暗指某人对其所抛弃的人或物将会发生什么事情不感兴趣,如把
撞坏的汽车抛弃在路旁。
vanish(=suddenlydisappear;gooutofexistence)vi.消失,
绝迹;1)Theairplanevanishedintotheclouds.2)Manykindsofanimalshave
vanishedformtheearth.(许多种类的动物以在地球上绝迹。
)scatter(=send,go
indifferentdirection)驱使,使分散;Thepolicescatteredthecrowed.(警察驱散人
群。
)(=throworputinvariousdirections)撒,到处放;Hescatteredhisclothesall
overtheroom.reject(=refusetoaccept)拒绝接受;Sherejectedmysuggestion
5.Henry'snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____thatnothinghadbeen
omitted.
A.understandingB.comprehensible
C.comprehensiveD.understandable
[答案]C.comprehensive.
[注释]comprehensive完全的无所不包的;comprehensible能懂的,可以理解的;
understandable可以理解的,主要用来指人的行为。
understanding用来指人时,
表示"善于理解别人或别人问题的(人)。
"注意下面的搭配:
acomprehensivemap
(街区详图);acomprehensibleremark(听得懂的话),anunderstandablemistake(可
以理解的错误);anunderstandingfriend(一位能理解人的朋友)。
6.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher_____to
Scotland.
A.ticketB.placeC.seatD.connection
[答案]D.connection
[注释]loseone'sconnectionto误了到......地方去的(汽车、火车、轮船的)联运;
ThetrainwaslateandImissedmyconnection.
7.Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.
A.drownedB.sunkC.wreckedD.submitted
[答案]C.wrecked
[注释]wreckvt.撞坏,毁坏;1)Mysonwreckedmycar.2)Mycarwascompletely
wreckedintheaccident.
sinkvt.下沉,沉没,该动词也可作及物动词用,意为"使下沉",但按本题句意看,
用被动语态不妥。
drown溺死,淹死:
(vt.)Hedrownedhiswife.(vi)Hedrowned
intheriver.(他在河里淹死了。
)submit1)(=putoneselfunderthecontrolofanother)
提交,呈送(to):
Shouldawifesubmitherselftoherhusband?
(妻子应顺从他丈
夫吗?
)2)(=putforwardforoption,discussion,decisionect.)提出(供评论、讨论
决定等)Youmustsubmityourrequesttothecommittee.3)(=surrender(to),givein)
屈服,投降:
Afterbeingdefeated,theysubmittedtotheenemy.(打败后,他们向敌人
投降了。
)
8.Noonehas_____beenabletotracetheauthorofthepoem.
A.stillB.yetC.alreadyD.just
[答案]B.yet
[注释]yet常用于现在完成时的否定句中,意为"尚,还"。
9.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStatesliveinCalifornia,_____in
SanFrancisco.
A.previouslyB.predominantlyCpracticallyD.permanently
[答案]B.predominantly.
[注释]predominantly(=mostly;mainly)主要地。
previously(=comingearlierin
timeororder)先前,早先;Thisisbetterthananysolutionpreviously.(这个办法比
以前提出的任何解决办法都好。
)practically(=really;inapracticalway)实际上。
permanently(=goingonforalongtime)永久地。
本题译文:
在美国,华人中有三分之一居住在加利福尼亚洲,其中主要是在旧金
山。
10.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyinafewpagesbut
withallthedetails.
A.conciseB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate
[答案]A.concise.
[注释]concise(=brief;givingmuchinformationinfewwords)简明扼要的:
Hegave
aconcisereportofthemeeting.(他对会议作了简明扼要的报道。
)clear清楚的。
precise(=exact;correctlystated;freeformerror)精确的,明白无误的;Pleasetell
metheprecisemeasurements.(请告诉我精确的尺寸。
)elaborate(=workedoutwith
muchcare;carefullyprepared)精心制作的,丰盛的:
Peterworkedoutanelaborate
schemeforraisingthemoney.(彼得制定了一项详尽得计划来筹集着笔款项。
)孤
立地看,似乎4个形容词均能修饰report,但从句子的逻辑关系看,后半句中有
onlyinafewpagesbutwithallthedetails,故concise是最贴切的选择了。
11.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreally
hisfault.
A.guiltB.chargeC.blameD.accusatio
[答案]C.blame.
[注释]taketheblamefor对......承担责任。
Takechargeof负责管理(照顾)。
[注
意]charge前无冠词the.
12.Theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheir
demands.
A.callforB.callforthC.calloffD.callup
[答案]C.calloff[注释]详见III,25,26注释。
13.Icouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn't_____whatcoloritwas.
A.lookoutB.makeoutC.getacrossD.takeafter
[答案]B.makeout[注释]详见III,123注释。
14.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoontobe
promoted.
A.eventuallyB.yetC.finallyD.accordingly
[答案]D.accordingly.
[注释]accordingly(=forthatreason,therefore)因此,所以。
15.Itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn'tlike.
A.attemptB.troubleC.powerD.effort
[答案]D.effort.
[注释]effort(作可数名词用)(=vigorousattempt)努力的尝试:
Doesitrequirea
greateffortofwilltogiveupsmoking?
(戒烟需要坚强的毅力吗?
)
16.Thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.
A.extinguishB.preventC.suppressD.ruin
[答案]A.extinguish.
[注释]extinguish(=putout)vt.扑灭(火焰等)。
Stopthefire虽然也可以搭配,但
按本句题意用extinguish为最佳。
17.Whatismostobviousinthisbookareallthosedetailsofdailylivingwhichmake
Mrs.Richard_____common.
A.nothingbutB.anythingbutC.aboveallD.ratherthan
[答案]B.anythingbut.
[注释]anythingbut(=farfrombeing)根本不;Theboysknewtheybadbrokenthe
rules,andtheywereanythingbuthappywhentheywerecalledtotheoffice.(=They
wereunhappyandafraid.)nothingbut只不过;Don'thavehimforafriend;he's
nothingbutacriminal.(不要把他当朋友,他只不过是个罪犯。
)Ihavenothingbut
twodollars.(我只有2美元。
)aboveall最重要的。
ratherthan而不是
18.Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.
A.brokenoffB.takenoffC.writtenoffD.pickedup
[答案]C.writtenoff.[注释]writeoff报废,参看III,200.注释;breakoff参看III.13.
注释;takeoff参看III.170.注释;pickup参看III.130,129.注释。
19.Onthishappyoccasion,I'dliketosaythatweare_____muchobligedtoyoufor
yourkindcooperation.
A.evensoB.eversoC.asyetD.sofar
[答案]B.everso.
[注释]everso(=very)非常;It'seversocold.与名词搭配时则用eversuch,如:
She's
eversuchanicegirl.(她是一位非常好的姑娘。
)evenso(=althoughthatistrue,
nevertheless;still)即使如此:
Thefirewasout,butevenso,thesmellofsmokewas
strong.(=Thefirewasout,butthesmellwasstillthere.)
20.Hisnewappointmenttakes_____fromthebeginningofnextmonth.
A.placeB.effectC.postD.office、
[答案]B.effect.[注释]takeeffect生效。
21.Thepolicemanstoppedhimwhenhewasdrivinghomeand_____himof
speeding.
A.chargedB.accusedC.blamedD.deprived
[答案]B.accused.
[注释]accusesb.of...控告某人犯有......,warnsb.of警告、告戒某人有......deprive
sb.ofsth.剥夺某人某事。
chargesb.withmurder(指控某人犯有杀人罪)。
22.Mr.Smithgradually_____aknowledgeofthesubject.
A.attainedB.achievedC.requiredD.acquired
[答案]D.acquired.
[注释]acquired(=gainforoneselfbyskillorability,byone'sowneffortsorbehavior)
(由技术、能力、努力或行为)获得;得到:
Hehasacquiredagoodcommandof
Englishlanguage.(他已精通英语。
)achieve,vt.取得(胜利、成功等),实现(目
标、目的等)。
attain,vt.达到(目的等),取得(成就等):
1)Ihopeyouwillattain
yourobject.(我希望你会达到你的目的。
)2)Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.
23.Thisisthe_____pianoonwhichthecomposercreatedsomeofhisgreatest
works.
A.actualB.genuine
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