环保类阅读模拟训练.docx
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环保类阅读模拟训练.docx
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环保类阅读模拟训练
环保类阅读模拟训练
(一)
Overthepast40years,landsubsidence(地面沉降)hascausedCangzhou,Hebeiprovince,tosinkbyasmuchas2.4meters.Therearenaturalcausesforlandsubsidence,butsuchagreatchangeismainlytheresultofhumanactivities.InthenorthofChina,usingtoomuchgroundwateristhemainreason.
Landsubsidencecanleadtomanyproblems,likebreaksinpipelines(管道)andlakesdryingup,andmayhaveabadinfluenceonthesafetyofsubways,high-speedrailwaylinesandbuildingsincities.IftheBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedrailwayistorunsafelyat380kmperhour,railwayfoundations(地基)cannotbeallowedtosinkbymorethan5mmin100years.
TheSouth-NorthWaterDiversionProject(南水北调工程)startednearly10yearsagotodealwiththewatershortageprobleminthenorthofChina.Now,however,theprojectitselfisinfluencedbylandsubsidence.Thekeytosolvingtheproblemistosavewater.ItisimportantforthenorthofChinathatthisareastartstodevelopwater-savingagricultureandclosesomefactories.Beijingannouncedin2007thatwithinfiveyearsitwouldstopsomewater-consumingprojectssuchasgolfcoursesandbathcenters.
Savingwater,gasandoilindailylifearethingsthatallofuscandotohelpstoplandsubsidence.
1.What’sthemainreasonforlandsubsidenceinthenorthofChina?
A.Naturaldisasters.B.Overuseofgroundwater.
C.Alargepopulation.D.Usingtoomuchland.
2.LandsubsidencecancausethefollowingproblemsEXCEPT______.
A.lakesmaydryupB.pipelinesmaybreakup
C.theSouthwillbeshortofwaterD.high-speedrailwaymaynotbesafe
3.AccordingtowhatBeijingannouncedin2007,welearnthat______.
A.therearenobathcentersinBeijing
B.Beijingnowisbadlyshortofwater
C.ChinawillstoptheSouth-NorthWaterDiversionProject
D.Beijingbegantotakestepstostoplandsubsidence
4.Thepurposeofthearticleisto_____.
A.callonpeopletosavenaturalresources
B.explainwhyCangzhou,Hebei,sanksomuch
C.remindpeopletobecarefulwithlandsubsidence
D.predicttheseriousdamagesoflandsubsidencePassage
2Chinareleaseditstimetableforreplacingincandescent(白炽的)lightbulbsonNovember4,2011.Imports(进口)andsalesof100-watt(瓦特)orhigherincandescentlightbulbswasnotallowedfromOctober1,2012.Followingthis,importsandsalesoflowerwattbulbswillalsobestopped.Ifeverythinggoeswell,therewillbenoincandescentlightbulbsinChinabyOctober2016.
TheplanispartofanattemptbytheChinesegovernmenttoimprovelightingefficiencyandcutdowngreenhousegases.It’ssaidthatlightingtakes19percentofelectricityuseworldwide.However,thisnumbercoulddropto7percentiftherestoftheworldfollowedChina’sexample.Only30percentoftheenergyusedbyanincandescentbulbisturnedintolight.Theother70percentiswastedasheat.Chinaisnotthefirstcountrytodothis.Australia,Japan,theUSandseveralothercountrieshavealldonethesame.However,itismuchmoreimportantinChinabecausethecountryistheworld’slargestproducerofincandescentbulbs.Thecountryproduces3.85billionincandescentbulbseveryyear,about70percentoftheworld’ssupply.About1billionaresoldinthecountry.
ItishopedthatChina’splanwillencouragecompaniestoproducemoreenergy-efficientbulbs,suchasCFLs(节能灯)andLEDs.CFLsuseabout75percentlessenergytoproducethesameamountoflightasdoincandescentbulbs,andtheylastmuchlonger.
“It’saglobaltrend(趋势)tomakeenergymoreefficient,”saidWangJinsui,inaninterviewwithChinaDaily.“BecauseofChina’shugeproductionofincandescentlightbulbs,weneedtimetoreduceandfinallystopproductionanduseofthelights.”
1.Chinamadethepublicknowthescheduleofreplacingincandescentlightbulbs______.
A.onNovember4,2011B.onOctober1,2012
C.inOctober,2016D.onOctober1,2011
2.WhydidChinastoptheimportsofincandescentbulbs?
A.Becauseincandescentbulbsarenotusedworldwide.
B.Becauseit’stooexpensivetoimportincandescentbulbs.
C.Becausetheproducerscan’tproduceenoughlightbulbs.
D.Becausemuchenergyusedbyincandescentbulbsiswasted.
3.“Energy-efficientbulbs”inParagraph4refertothosebulbsthatare_____.
A.energy-wastingbutbrightB.energy-savingandbright
C.energy-wastingandnotbrightD.energy-savingbutnotbright
4.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Lightingtakes7percentofelectricityuseworldwide.
B.TheUSistheworld'slargestproducerofincandescentbulbs.
C.CFLsuselessenergytoproducelightthanincandescentbulbs.
D.Chinahasstoppedproductionanduseoftheincandescentbulbs.
Passage3Extremeweather,risingsealevels,andladybugs(瓢虫)thatchangecolor?
WeallknowthatglobalwarmingishavingagreatinfluenceontheEarth.Butlatestresearchhasfoundsomemoresurprisingeffectsofclimatechange.
ScientistPaulBrakefieldandhisgroupmembersfromtheUniversityofCambridgeintheUKhavebeenstudyingladybugsfortensofyears.Thirtyyearsago,theyfoundmoreblackladybugswithreddots(点)nearthecoastoftheNetherlandsthan40kilometersinland.Ladybugsneeddarkercolors
Passage4Waterpollutionhappenswhenwastethingsfrommanyareasarethrownintorivers,lakesandseas.
Agriculture(农业)
Toincreasetheamountoffoodproduced,farmersuselargeamountsofchemicals.Thechemicalsnotusedbytheplantsarewashedbytherainwaterintorivers,lakesandseas,whichpollutebothsurfacewaterandundergroundwater.
Industry(工业)
Factoriesandindustriesoftenrelease(释放)poisonouschemicalsintoseas,riversorlakes,whichisquitebadforMotherNature.AnexampleofindustrialseapollutionhappenedinJapaninthe1950s.Alocalfactoryhadpouredwastewater,whichhadmercury(水银),intotheMinamataBayfor20years.Tunafish(金枪鱼)inthebaytookinthemercuryandpeopleatethetuna.Manychildrenwerebornwithbirthdeformities(畸形),peoplelosttheirhearingandsight,andthousandsofpeoplediedintheend.Seatransportation
Whenshipstransportingoilgetdamagedontheway,oilspillage(溢出)happens.OnemajordisasterwastheExxonValdezoilspill.Anoiltanker(油舱)sankoffAlaskain1989andleaked(泄漏)oilintotheocean.Tosavecost,someshipsalsopouredunwantedoilfromtheirengineroomsintothesea,thuspollutingtheoceans.Domestic(家庭的)activities
Ifwasteproductsfromthewashingofclothesanddishesarenottreatedandpouredintothesea,theywilldodamagetothesealife.Somediseasesmayalsospread.Sometimes,rubbishisdumpedintothesea.Fishoftendieduetonets.
1.Farmersuselargeamountsofchemicalsto______.
A.producemorefoodB.saveplantingcost
C.savemorewaterD.plantmorecrops
2.FromtheexampleinParagraph3,welearnthat______.
A.factoriesandindustriesshouldbeclosedinJapan
B.waterpollutioncandogreatharmtopeople’shealth
C.eatingtunafishissometimesagreatdanger
D.waterpollutionisaseriousprobleminJapan
3.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Oilspillageisthemainreasonforwaterpollution.
B.Domesticactivitiescanhardlyevercauseseapollution.
C.Eatingfishingnetscancausefishtodie.
D.Waterpollutionisthemostseriouskindofpollution.
4.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?
A.Industrializationpolluteswater.B.Agriculturepolluteswater.
C.Reasonswaterispolluted.D.Whatpollutionis.
Passage5
Awholeschoolcantakepartinarecyclingprogramandcansetupanareawhereeveryonecandropoffthingsrecyclable,suchassomebottlesandcans.Inkcartridges(墨水盒)areanotherthingthatcanberecycled,whileschoolteachersshouldlookathowcomputersandrelatedelectronicequipmentaredisposedof(处理).Often,thesearethrownaway,whichcanbeveryharmfulfortheenvironment.Incomputerstherearemanypartswhichhaspoisonouschemicals.Schoolsshouldrecycleoldequipmentorfindsomewherethatcanuseitagain.
Simplythewayinwhichpeoplewithinaschoolconsumeeverydaythingscanhaveaneffectontheenvironment.Classescansaveonpaperbyalwaysrememberingtowriteonbothsidesofeachsheet;studentsshouldcontinuetouseexercisebooksuntileachiscomplete,andteacherscanputasidesomepaper,suchasunneededworksheets,foruselaterratherthanwasteit.Teachersandofficeworkersshouldtrytoprintless,andtrytosende-mailsasaformofcommunicationtoreducetheamountofpaperusedifpossible.
Parentsshouldconsiderhowtheytaketheirkidstoschool,sinceusingthecarunnecessarilyleadstotheairpollution.Kidsshouldbeencouragedtoridebikesorwalktoschoolifpossible,orparentscouldofferliftstootherchildrenintheneighborhoodtosaveonjourneys.
1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Teachershavedifficultytakingpartintheprogram.
B.Bottlesandcansarenottrash.
C.Inkcartridgesarethrownintoatrashcan.
D.Oldequipmentshouldbeusedagain.
2.Whyshouldcomputersandrelatedelectronicequipmentberecycled?
A.Becausetheyareawasteofmoney.
B.Becausetheycanbeusedsecondhand.
C.Becausemanypartsofthemarebadfortheenvironment.
D.Becausetheyareusefulforpeoplewhohavenocomputers.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consume”inParagraph2mean?
A.useB.sellC.borrowD.lend
4.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotelluswiththisarticle?
A.Schoolsshouldtakepartinrecyclingprograms.
B.Peopleshouldsavepaperasmuchastheycan.
C.Parentsshouldencouragekidstowalktoschool.
D.Everyoneshouldtryhis/herbesttoprotecttheenviron
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