中考英语阅读理解实战训练doc.docx
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中考英语阅读理解实战训练doc.docx
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中考英语阅读理解实战训练doc
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(一)IsyourTVconnectedtotheInternet?
Whataboutyourchairoryourfridge?
Itispossiblethattheyarenot.Butinthefuture,mostthingsinyourhomemaybeconnected,astheso-calledInternetofthingsisdeveloping.TheInternetofthingsmaybecomingsoonerthanyouthink.Itisreportedthatduringhisspeechearlierthisyear,SamsungCEO(首席执行官)BKYoonspentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings.Hesaidthatfiveyearsfromnow,everySamsungproductwillbepartoftheInternetofthings,whetherit'sawashingmachineoravacuumcleaner(吸尘器).So,howdohousehold(家用)objectsthatarepartofInternetofthingswork?
Well,thinkofausualchair.WhenconnectedtotheInternet,thechairwarmsupwhenitknowsthattheuserhasjustwalkedintotheroomandisfeelingcold.AnInternet-connectedcamera,likeasmart-homecamera,couldhelppeoplefeelsaferintheirhomes.Itcanrecognize(识别)people'sfaces,andevencanseewhensomeonepassesbyinthedark.Thenitcansendyouamessageonyoursmartphonetoletyouknowwho'sthere.Ifthepersonissomeoneyoudon'tknow,itcantellyouthat,too.ButaccordingtoMITTechnologyReview,whethercompaniesareconnectingdogfoodbowlsorsecurity(安全)systemstotheInternet,theremaybeproblems.Forexample,manyearlyconnected-homedevices(装置)don'thavemuchbuilt-insecurity,whichmeanstheycouldbehacked(被黑客攻击).Inaddition,itcouldbedifficulttogetthesedevicestoworktogetherbecausetheyaremadebydifferentcompanies.Tofightthis,manycompanieshavejoinedtheOpenInterconnectConsortium,whichhad45membersbylate2014.So,picturethis:
youwalkinthroughthefrontdoorofyourhome.Thetemperaturechangestomakeyoufeelcomfortableafteralongdayatschool.Yourfavoritemusicstartsplayingforyou.Doyouthinkthatthiswouldbeagoodthing?
Itmayhappensoonerthanyou
think.1.TheSamsungCEO'sspeechismentionedtoprovethat_____.A.theInternetofthingswillappearinourdailylifesoonerB.SamsunghasproducedtheInternetofthingsrecentlyC.SamsungproductshavebeenpartoftheInternetofthingsD.hespentalotoftimetalkingabouttheInternetofthings2.Wecaninfer(推断)fromparagraphs3and4that_____________.A.thechaircanknowwhethertheuserfeelscoldornotB.ausualchaircanwarmupwhenitknowstheusercomesinC.anInternet-connectedcameracanbeusedtotakephotosinthehouseD.anInternet-connectedcameracanbeconnectedtotheuser'ssmartphone3.Accordingtothepassage,itismentionedthat_____①thetemperatureinsideisneithertoohighnortoolow②yourfridgeprovidesthedrinksforyou③thechairwarmsupifyoufeelcold④yourfavouritemusicstartsplaying⑤yourwashingmachinestartsworkingA.①②⑤B.②③④C.①③④D.①④⑤4.What'stheproblemabouttheInternetofthings?
A.Companieswhichproduceconnected-homedeviceshaven'tjoinedtogether.B.Connected-homedevicesmaynotworktogetherandcaneasilygethacked.C.CompanieshavedifficultyconnectingsecuritysystemtotheInternet.D.Thesenewdevicesareproducedbydifferentcompanies.
(二)Havingateenagerathomecanbearealheadache.Manyteenagerssmoke,wearstrangehairstyleandevenfight.Basically(基本上),theyareoftentakingrisks.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatteenagersaremorelikelytomakeirrationaldecisionsthanpeoplefromanyotheragegroup,includingchildrenandadults.Isitthatteenagersaretooyoungtotellrightfromwrong?
Notreally.Sowhat‟sthereason?
AccordingtoLaurence,ateacherfromaUSuniversity,thereasonisthatteenagerscarealotabouthowtheirpeers(同龄人)viewthemthatispeerinfluence.Aschildrenentertheirteenageyears,theyspendmoretimewiththeirfriendsandclassmates,andalsotheycaremoreaboutwhattheythinkofthem.Thismakesteenagersmakedecisionswithoutthinkingaboutthecosts.Inatest,agroupofteenagerswereaskedtoplayavideodrivinggame.Whentheyplayedwiththeirfriendswatchingaroundthem,theytookmorechancesanddrovemorecarelesslybecausethatwouldincreasetheirpossibilityofwinning.Butwhentheyplayedalone,theydrovemoresafely.Whydopeershavesuchabiginfluenceonteens‟behavior?
AsLaurenceseesit,ateenager‟sbrainislikeacarwithagoodaccelerator(油门)butaweakbrake(刹车).Theacceleratorisfullydevelopedbyteenageyearswhilethebrakeisstillnotfullydeveloped.Whenteenagersarewatchedbytheirpeers,theyusuallypushhardontheaccelerator.Withtheirweakbrake,itislikelythattheyaregoingtoendupinanaccident.Butthegoodnewsisthataviolent(暴力的)teenagerdoesn‟tnecessarilybecomeaviolentadult.Abouttwo-thirdstothree-quartersofviolentyouthgrowoutofit.Theygetmoreself-controlled.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordirrationalinthe2ndparagraphmean?
A.Quick.B.Crazy.C.Careful.D.Correct.6.Whyareteenagersoftentakingrisksaccordingtothetext?
A.Theylikedifficulttasks.B.Theycareaboutcosts.C.Theyaretooyoungtotellrightfromwrong.D.Theycarealotaboutwhattheirpeersthinkofthem.7.HowdoesLaurenceexplaintheinfluenceofpeerinfluenceonteens‟behavior?
A.Byusingametaphor(比喻)B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bypresentingresearchfindings.D.Byperforminganin-depthanalysis(分析).8.Accordingtothetext,withpeersaroundthem,teenagerstendto(倾向于)________.A.usemoreself-control
B.becomemorecarefulaboutwhattheydoC.performbetterthanwhentheyarealoneD.focusmoreonshort-termbenefits(利益)9.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.Teenagersareeasytohavetrafficaccidents.B.Peerinfluenceisbadonteenagers.C.Mostoftheteenagersbecomelessviolentwhentheygrowup.D.Teenagersshouldn‟tspendallthefreetimewiththeirfriends.(三)YoumustthinkHongKongsingerandactorAarifLeeisaluckyguy.Onlyenteringthebusinesssixyearsago,the28-year-oldisalreadyeverywhereonourTVscreens.WeeksagohewasanemperorintheTVdramaTheEmpressofChina(《武媚娘传奇》).AndnowhetravelswithagroupofactressesintherealityshowSisterOverFlowers(《花样姐姐》).Buteventheluckiestguyscomeacrossdifficulties.Lee‟sbeenthroughcrises(危机)too.Leefoundhisloveformusicbeforehewas15.Butinsteadofgoingforthat,hechosetodophysicsatImperialCollegeLondon,oneoftheworld‟stopuniversities.InhishighschoolinHongKong,Leewasaheadboyandeverythingcameeasilytohim.However,universityinLondonwasaworldawayfromthecomfortableenvironmentofhighschool.ComparedwithHongKong,Imperialwasawarzone,whereeveryonewassocompetitive(好竞争的),pushingtogetwhattheywanted,hesaid.ItwasthefirsttimeinmylifethatIthoughtImightfailatsomething.Hedidn‟t.Althoughforatimehereallyregrettedhistoughchoiceofsubject.Hewarnedhisfamilyhemighthavetoleaveuniversityandchooseamusicaleducation.Buthestayedonandcamebackhomewithagoodgrade.Leesaidthatuniversitytaughthimtheneedtodigdeeptomakethemostofhispotential(潜力),ausefullessonthatheapplies(运用)everydayinhisshowbusinesscareer.Evenifyouaren‟ttalentedatsomething,youcanworkhardtoovercomeit.Once
youmakethatleap,it‟slikeanaddiction(上瘾)you‟llwantmorechallenges.‟10.WhendidAarifLeeenterentertainmentindustry?
A.At15.B.At28.C.At23.D.At22.11.WhatdoesthewordtoughmeaninChinese?
A.积极的B.艰难的C.容易的D.随意的12.FromthestoryofAarifLee,wemayknow____________.A.theearlybirdcatchesthewormB.agoodbeginningishalfdoneC.wherethereisawill,thereisawayD.actionsspeaklouderthanwords13.Youwouldmostprobablyreadthispassageina(n)_______.A.novelB.advertisementC.ITmagazineD.newspaper(四)Howquicklycanyoucountfromonetoten?
Doyouusetendifferentwordstodoit?
CanyoudoitinEnglish,ordoyouhavetouseyourfirstlanguages?
Doyoucountonyourfingers?
Manypeoplethinkthatnumbersandmatharethesameallovertheworld.Butscientistshavediscoveredthatitisnottrue.Peopleindifferentpartsoftheworldusedifferentwaystocountontheirfingers.IntheUnitedStates,peoplebegincountingwiththeirfirstfingers,whichtheyextendorstickout.Theythenextendtherestoftheirfingersandfinallythethumb(拇指)tocounttofive.Thentheyrepeatthiswiththeotherhandtogettoten.InChina,peoplecountbyusingdifferentfingerpositions.Inthisway,aChinesepersoncaneasilycounttotenononlyonehand.Besideswaysoffingercounting,scientistshavefoundthatculturesandlanguagesarealsodifferentwhenitcomestonumbers.Somelanguageshaveonlyafewwordsfornumbers,andothershavenowordsfornumbers.Agroupofscientistsstudiedaboriginal(土著的)peopleinAustralia.Thesepeopledon‟thavehandmovementstostandfornumbers.Theydon‟tevenhavewordfornumbers.However,theyarestillabletounderstanddifferentideasaboutnumbers.Inasimilarstudy,researchersfromtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologydiscoveredthatpeopleofthePirahatribe(部落)innorthwesternBrazildon‟thavewordsfornumberssuchasoneorthree.Theyarenotabletosayfivetreesortentreesbutcansaysome
trees,moretrees,ormanytrees.ProfessorEdwardGibsonsaidthatmostpeoplebelievethateveryoneknowshowtocount,buthereisagroupthatdoesnotcount.Theycouldlearn,butisn‟tnotusefulintheirculture,sothey‟veneverpickeditup.Althoughallhumansareabletounderstandquantities(数量),notalllanguageshavenumbersandnotallpeopleusecounting.Numberwordsinacertainlanguagearearesultofpeopleneedingnu
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