高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 情景交际.docx
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高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破 情景交际.docx
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高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破情景交际
专题14情景交际
【高考考纲解读】
情景交际是用来评价学生交际能力的常考内容之一,从几年的高考试题来看,这一题型的设计涉及日常生活中的各方面,如问候、介绍、告别、感谢、道歉、请求、祝愿、提供帮助等。
考查最多的是:
①道歉与应答;②建议与应答;③请求允许及应答。
【重点、难点剖析】
情景交际用语指在特定的语境中运用的语言。
情景交际用语范围广泛,形式多样,灵活多变,这些情景交际语言的结构无不体现着英语国家的文化、风俗和习惯。
情景交际用语的功能主要包括四十一个项目。
1.问候(Greetings)
①Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
②Hello/Hi.
③Howareyou?
Fine,thankyou,andyou?
④Bestwishes/regardstosb.
⑤Pleasegive/sendmyregards/bestwishes/lovetosb.
⑥Sayhellotosb.
⑦Pleaseremembermetosb.
2.介绍(Introductions)
①ThisisMr./Mrs./Miss/Ms./Comrade.../MayIintroduceyouto...?
/I'dlikeyoutomeet...
②Mynameis.../I'mastudent/teacher,etc.
③I'mChinese.
3.告别(Farewells)
①I'mafraidImustbeleavingnow./Ithinkit'stimeforustoleavenow.
②Goodbye!
/Byebye!
/Bye!
/Seeyoulater/tomorrow./Seeyou./Goodnight.
4.感谢和应答(Thanksandresponses)
①Thankyou(verymuch)./Thanksalot./Manythanks./Thanksfor.../It'sverykindofyouto...
②Notatall./It's/That'sallright./Youarewelcome.
5.祝愿、祝贺和应答(Goodwishes,congratulations&responses)
①Goodluck!
/Bestwishestoyou!
/Iwishyougoodluck/success!
/Goodjourney(toyou)!
/Haveagoodtrip./Haveanice/good/wonderfultime./Congratulations./I'dliketocongratulateyouon.../HappyNewYear!
/MerryChristmas!
/Happybirthdaytoyou!
②Thankyou./Thesametoyou.
6.道歉、遗憾和应答(Apologies,regrets,sympathies&responses)
①Sorry./Pardon./I'msorry./I'msorryfor/about.../I'msorrytohear.../I'msorrytohave+v.-ed/that...
②Excuseme(for...)/I'mafraidof.../I'mafraidIwasveryrude./Ididn'tmeantobesorude./Whatapity./Shame!
/It'sapitythat...
③That'sallright./Itdoesn'tmatter./That'snothing./That'sOK./Nevermind./Don'tworryaboutthat.
7.邀请和应答(Invitationsandresponses)
①Willyoucometo...?
/Wouldyouliketo...?
/I'dliketoinviteyouto...
②Yes,I'dloveto(...)./Yes,it'sverykind/niceofyou.
③I'dloveto,but...
8.提供(帮助等)和应答(Offersandresponses)
①Can/Could/ShallIhelpyou?
/Wouldyoulikemeto...?
/Isthereanything(else)Icandoforyou?
/Doyouwantmeto...?
/WhatcanIdoforyou?
/Letmedo/carry/help...(foryou)./Wouldyoulikesome...?
②Thanks./Thatwouldbenice/fine./That'sverykind/niceofyou./Thankyouforyourhelp./Yes,please./Here,takethis/my...
③No,thanks./Thankyou./Icanmanageitmyself./Thankyouallthesame./That'sverykindofyou,but...
9.约会(Makingappointments)
①Areyou/Willyoubefreethisafternoon/tomorrow?
/Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?
/Shallwemeetat4:
30at...?
②Yes,that'sallright./Yes,I'llbefreethen.
③No,Iwon'tbefreethen.ButI'llbefree...
④Allright.Seeyouthen.
10.意愿和希望(Intentionsandwishes)
①I'mgoingto.../Iintend/mean/planto.../Iwill.../I'dliketo.../Ifeellikev.-ing.../I(donot)want/hopeto.../I'mreadyto.../I'dprefertodo.../Iwouldrathernottellyou.x/kw
②Iwant/hope/wishto.../Iwishthat.../Iwouldliketo...
③Howabout...
11.请求、允许和应答(Askingforpermissionandresponses)
①MayI...?
/Can/CouldI...?
/IwonderifIcan/could.../Do/WouldyoumindifIdo/did...?
②Yes/Sure/Certainly./Yes,(do)please.或Sure,goahead./Ofcourse./Goahead,please./That'sOK/allright./Notatall./Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot.
③I'msorryyoucan't./I'msorry,but.../You'dbetternot.
12.同意和不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)
①Certainly./Sure./Ofcourse./Yes,please./Noproblem./That'strue./Yes,Ithinkso./OK./Allright./That'sagoodidea.../It'sagoodidea.../Weagree(withyou)./Iagreeto.../that-clause
②No.Idon'tthinkso./I'mafraidnot./I'mafraidI(really)can'tagreewithyou.
13.喜好和厌恶(Likesanddislikes)
①Ilike/love...(verymuch)./Ilike/loveto...
②Idon'tlike(to).../Ihate(to)...
14.决定和坚持(Determination,decisionandinsistence)
①Iwill.../Ihavedecidedto/that.../Ihavedecidedwh-疑问词引导的从句/wh-疑问代词或副词to...
②Iinsiston/that...
15.判断和意见(Judgementandopinion)
①Itcertainlyis./It'scorrecttodo.../Welldone!
/Goodwork!
②Inmyopinion.../Itseems.../So/AsfarasIknow...
16.职责(Obligations)
Youmust/haveto/should/oughtto.../Itisnecessaryto/that...
17.能力(Ability)
Ican.../Heisableto...
18.偏爱(Preference)
Iprefer...to.../He'dpreferthemnotto.../He'dratherbeginatonce.
19.责备和抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)
①Sheistoblame./Heblamedherfor.../Sheshouldn'thavedoneit.
②I'msorrytohavesaidthat,but.../Whycan'tyoudosomethingaboutit?
20.肯定和不肯定(Certaintyanduncertainty)
①I'msure(ofthat)./I'msure(that)...
②I'mnotsure(ofthat)./I'mnotsurewhether/if.../Idoubtif...
③Perhaps./Maybe.
21.禁止和警告(Prohibitionandwarnings)
①Youcan't/mustn't.../Ifyou...,youwill.../You'dbetternotdoit./Don'tsmoke!
/Don'tbelate!
②Lookout!
/Takecare!
/Becareful!
22.可能和不可能(Possibilityandimpossibility)
①Hecan/may.../Itispossiblethat...
②Hemaynot.../Heisnotlikelyto.../Heisnotlikelythat...
23.预见、猜测和相信(Prediction,conjectureandbelief)
①Hewill...
②Iguessthat.../Hemusthavedone.../Itseems(that).../Itseemsasif.../Itlooksasif...
③Ibelievethatheisright.
24.请求(Requests)
①Can/Will/Could/Wouldyou...forme?
/Will/Can/Could/Wouldyouplease...?
/MayIhave...?
②Pleasegive/passme.../Pleasewait(here/amoment)./Pleasewait(for)yourturn./Pleasestandinline/lineup./Pleasehurry./Makesurethat...please.
③Don'trush/hurry/crowd./Nonoise,please./Nosmoking,please.
25.劝告和建议(Adviceandsuggestions)
①You'dbetter(not).../Youshould/oughtto.../Youneed(to)...
②Shallwe...?
/Let's.../What/Howabout...?
/Whynot...?
/Whydon'tyoudo...?
26.许诺(Promises)
Ipromise.../Youshallhave...tomorrow./Iwillgive...toyou.
27.提醒(Reminding)
Don'tforgetto.../Don'tyourememberthedayswhen...?
/MakesurethateverythingisOKnow.
28.表示焦虑(Expressinganxiety)
What'swrong?
/What'sthematter(withyou)?
/Isthereanythingthematter?
I'm/He's/She'sworried./Oh,whatshallI/wedo?
/Wewereallanxiousabout...
29.表示惊奇(Expressingsurprise)
Really?
/Ohdear!
/Isthatso?
/Goodheavens!
30.表示喜悦(Expressingpleasure)
I'mglad/pleased/happyto.../That'snice/wonderful/great./Hopefullytomorrowwillturnfine.
31.谈论天气(Talkingabouttheweather)
What'stheweatherliketoday?
/What'stheweathergoingtobelikeattheweekend?
/How'stheweatherin...?
/It'sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy.../It'sgettingcold/warm.../It'sratherwarm/cold/hot...today,isn'tit?
/It'sgoingtobedryandsunnyforthenexttwodays./It'sabeautifuldaytoday.
32.购物(Shopping)
①WhatcanIdoforyou?
/Can/MayIhelpyou?
/IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?
②Iwant/I'dlike.../Howmuchisit?
/That'stooexpensive,I'mafraid./That'sfine.I'lltakeit./Letmehave...
③Howmuch/manydoyouwant?
/Whatcolour/size/kinddoyouwant?
④Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/colour,etc.?
33.问路和应答(Askingthewayandresponses)
①Excuseme.Where'sthemen's/ladies'room?
/Excuseme.Canyoutellmethewayto...?
/HowcanIgetto...?
Idon'tknowtheway.
②Godownthisstreet./Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing./It'sabout...metresfromhere./Gostraightaheadtillyousee...
34.问时间、日期和应答(Askingthetime,dateandresponses)
①Whatdayis(it)today?
/What'sthedatetoday?
/Excuseme.Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?
/What'sthetime,please?
②It'sMonday/Tuesday.../It'sJanuary/February.../It'ssixo'clock/sixthirty/halfpastsix/aquarterpast/tosix./It'stimefor/to...
35.就餐(Takingmeals)
①Whatwouldyoulike(tohave)?
/Wouldyoulikesomething(toeat/drink)?
②I'dlike.../Twoeggs...,please.
③Wouldyoulikesomemore...?
/Helpyourselftosome...
④Thankyou.I'vehadenough./I'mfull,thankyou./Justalittle,please.
36.打电话(Makingphonecalls)
①Hello!
Is(Tom)in?
/May/CouldIspeakto...?
/Isthat...(speaking)?
②Holdon,please./Hello,whoisit?
/He/Sheisn'thererightnow./CanItakeamessageforyou?
③Hello,thisis...speaking./Icalledtotell/askyou...
37.传递信息(Passingonamessage)
①Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto...?
②...askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
③Thanksforthemessage.
38.看病(Seeingthedoctor)
①There'ssomethingwrongwith.../I'vegotaheadacheandacough./Ifeelterrible/bad./Idon'tfeelwell./Thisplacehurts.
②Takethismedicinethreetimesaday./Drinkplentyofwaterandhaveagoodrest./It'snothingserious./You'llbeallright/wellsoon.
39.求救(Callingforhelp)
①Help!
/Thief!
②What'sthematter?
40.语言困难(Languagedifficulties)
Pardon?
/Wouldyoupleasesaythatagain/moreslowly?
/Whatdoyoumeanby...?
/I'msorryIcan'tfollowyou./I'msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
41.常见的标志和说明(Somecommonsignsandinstructions)
①BUSINESSHOURS/MENU/OFFICEHOURS/NOSMOKING/OPEN/NOPARKING/CLOSED/NOPHOTOS
②PULL/PUSH/ENTRANCE/EXIT
③INSTRUCTIONS/MADEINCHINA/THISSIDEUPON/DANGEROFF
④PLAY/STOP/PAUSE
⑤INSERTHERE
【题型示例】
题型1、社会交往
【例1】[2017·天津卷]—Albert'sbirthdayisonnextSaturday,andI'mplanningasurprisepartyforhim
—________.I'llbringsomewine.
A.SoundslikefunB.Itdepends
C.JustaminuteD.Youarewelcome
【答案】A【解析】考查情景交际。
根据回答“I'llbringsomewine.”可知对方比较感兴趣,故选A。
Sounds(like)fun.意为“听起来有趣。
”Itdepends.视情况而定。
Justaminute.请稍等。
Youarewelcome.不客气。
句意:
“艾伯特在下周六过生日,我正筹划一个聚会,要给他一个惊喜。
”“听起来有趣(Soundslikefun.)。
我会带一些酒来。
”
【2016·天津】1.---Itwasawonderfultrip.So,whichcitydidyoulikebetter,ParisorRome?
---______.Thereweregoodthingsandbadthingsaboutthem.
A.It’shardtosayB.Ididn’tgetit
C.YoumustbekiddingD.Couldn’tbebetter
【答案】A
【解析】句意:
—这是一次很棒的旅行。
那么,你更喜欢哪个城市,巴黎还是罗马?
—很难说。
它们都既有好的也有坏的事情。
A.很难说;B.我不明白;C.你一定是在开玩笑吧;D.再好不过了。
根据语境,故选A。
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