人教版高中英语选修十 Unit 4 Learning efficiently语法篇教师版Word格式文档下载.docx
- 文档编号:8655464
- 上传时间:2023-05-12
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:13
- 大小:396.95KB
人教版高中英语选修十 Unit 4 Learning efficiently语法篇教师版Word格式文档下载.docx
《人教版高中英语选修十 Unit 4 Learning efficiently语法篇教师版Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《人教版高中英语选修十 Unit 4 Learning efficiently语法篇教师版Word格式文档下载.docx(13页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow,weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.
使用虚拟条件句时要注意的几点:
(1)错综时间条件句
当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
如:
Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldknowwhattodonow.
要是那时你听我劝告的话,你现在就知道该做什么了。
(2)if的省略和倒装
在条件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首,变为倒装句式。
例如:
IfIwereatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.
→WereIatschoolagain,Iwouldstudyharder.
Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.
→Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldcatchthebus.
Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.
→Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.
注意:
当省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式。
比如,我们可以说:
Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.但不能说:
Weren'
titfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.
(3)含蓄条件句
①用介词短语代替条件状语从句。
常用的介词有with,without,butfor。
Whatwouldyoudowithamilliondollars?
(=ifyouhadamilliondollars)
Wecouldn'
thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.(=ifwehadn'
tgotyourhelp)
Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn'
thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.(=Butforyourhelp,...=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,...=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,...)
②用otherwise,however,but或分词短语等代替条件状语从句。
Hewouldhavegonetotheparty,buthewasillyesterday.
他昨天想去参加宴会,但是那时他病了。
Thefiremenarrivedintime.Otherwisethehousewouldhavebeenburnttotheground.
消防队员及时赶到了,不然的话,房子就烧毁了。
Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
若是多加注意,这些树就会长得更好。
三.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用
1.用于宾语从句中
(1)wish后的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,表示一种不可能实现的愿望。
其谓语动词构成形式为:
a.过去时(宾从动作与wish同时);
b.过去完成时(宾从动作先于wish);
c.could/would/might+动词原形,即过去将来时(宾从动作后于wish)。
IwishIrememberedhisaddress.
我希望我记得他的地址。
IwishIhadstudiedhard.
我多么希望我那时学习刻苦。
(2)表示建议、要求、命令等词后的宾语从句中,动词有:
demand,order,require,insist(坚决主张),suggest(建议),propose,advise,decide,determine,vote(提议),command,arrange(安排、协商),desire,prefer,intend等,从句谓动用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
Thedoctorsuggested/insistedthatshe(should)stayinbedforafewdays.
医生建议/坚持她卧床几天。
当suggest作“暗示、表明”讲,insist作“坚持说”讲,即坚持事实是怎样时,that从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。
Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.
他脸上的表情暗示出他不高兴。
Mikeinsistedthathewasright.
迈克坚持认为自己是对的。
(3)would(had)rather,wouldjustassoon,wouldsooner,wouldprefer+从句结构,这几个句型都表示一种“婉转的责备”,谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来,用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。
Iwouldratheryoudidn'
tgothere.
我宁愿你不去那儿。
(4)Ifonly引导的感叹句中。
IfonlyIwereabird!
我要是只鸟儿多好啊!
2.用于主语从句中
Itisdesired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange/natural/apity/essential+that从句,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.
Itisstrangethathe(should)haveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.(act发生在主句谓语动词be之前时,要用shouldhave+过去分词)
以上句式也可以用于陈述语气。
It'
sstrangethathedidn'
tcomeyesterday.
sapitythatyoucan'
tdance.
3.用于表语从句和同位语从句中
在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。
其构成是“should+动词原形”。
Myideaisthatweshouldthinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.
WeallagreedtohissuggestionthatweshouldgotoDalianforsightseeing.
四.虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用
1.在asif/though引导的方式状语和evenif/though引导的让步状语从句中:
一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反;
过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
Shelovestheboyasifhewereherownson.
她喜欢这个男孩子就好像他是她的亲生儿子一样。
2.在inorderthat,sothat引导的目的状语从句中,经常用“could/might/may/can+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
他早起为的是能够赶上第一班公共汽车。
3.在incasethat,forfearthat引导的目的状语从句中,经常用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,should不可省略。
Sheputsacoatoverthebabyforfearthatheshouldcatchacold.
她把一个大衣盖在小孩身上,以免他着凉。
4.ifonly后面需要用虚拟语气:
IfonlyIcouldoperatethecomputer.
要是我会操作电脑该多好。
Ifonlyhehadknownit.
要是他知道这件事该多好。
五.虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用
Itishigh/abouttimethat...句型中一般用过去时或“should+动词原形”(但should不可省略)表示虚拟语气,前者更为常用。
shigh/abouttimethatchildrenwent/shouldgotoschool.
到了孩子们上学的时候了。
1.Whatwouldhavehappened,____________asfarastheriverbank?
A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfarther
C.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther
解析:
考查虚拟语气的特殊用法。
在虚拟语气中,如果把条件状语从句中的if省略,可以把助动词had,were或者should提到句子的前面,形成部分倒装形式。
根据前面的谓语形式可知,此题表达的是与过去相反的虚拟语气,在条件句中的应用。
答案:
C
2.It'
shightimethatwe____________homeand____________suppernow.
A.go;
haveB.went;
hadC.go;
shouldhaveD.went;
tohave
该句型中的谓语动词用“过去式”或“should+动词原形”,should不能省略。
B
3.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You____________homewithoutaword.
A.mustn'
tleaveB.shouldn'
thaveleft
C.couldn'
thaveleftD.needn'
tleave
你不应该一句话不说就离家出走的,但是你却这样做了,用虚拟语气。
4.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforehekickedtheball,otherwisehe____________agoal.
A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored
根据语境可知,他没有进球得分,所以要选的应该是虚拟语气。
根据前面的动词可知,表示的是与过去相反的虚拟语气,所以主句要用情态动词+havedone形式。
D
5.IwishI____________thebookyesterday,butIwastoobusy.
A.hadfinishedtowriteB.hadfinishedwriting
C.couldhavefinishedtowriteD.mightfinishwriting
解析:
wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,由yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟,所以用haddone表示,且finish后跟v.ing形式,故选B项。
基础演练
单选
1.Ihavenotimenow.IfI_____time,I____tothecinemawithyou.
Ahad;
maygoBhave;
shallgo
Chad;
wouldgoDhadhad;
wouldhavegone
2.Ifshehadworkedharder,she___.
AwouldsucceedBhadsucceeded
CshouldsucceedDwouldhavesucceeded
3.Iwouldnothavegonetotheparty,_____.
AwereInotinvitedBhadn’tinvited
Chadn’tbeeninvitedDhadnotIbeeninvited
4.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!
AhasBhadCwillhaveDhadhad
5.HowIwishI______tofixtheclock!
Ionlymadeitworse.
AcouldhavetriedBdidn’ttryChadn’ttriedDcouldn’ttried
6.It’shardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI____inloveattheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
Awouldn’thavefallenBhadnotfallenCshouldfallDweretofall
7.Iadvisedthatthesickchild_____ahospitalassoonaspossible.
AshouldsendtoBshouldbesentCbesenttoDmustbesentto
8.Whatshesaidatthemeetingsuggestedthatshe____ourplan.
AsupportBsupportedCshouldsupportDwillsupport
9.Themaninsistedthathe____thelawand___intoprison.
Adidn’tbreak;
notputBhadn’tbroken;
shouldn’tbeput
Cnotbreak;
notputDhadn’tbroken;
mustn’tbeput
10.___itraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeputoff.
AIfBWouldCWhenDShould
Keys:
1-5CDDBC6-10BCBBD
巩固提高
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.I'
dratheryou________(come)tomorrow.
2.Ifonlyhe________(be)alive.
3.Weshouldactasifshe____________(watch)us.
4.Icouldn'
thelpeventhoughI____________(be)
thereatthemoment.
5.IfI____________(inform)yesterday,I________(know)whattodonow.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'
tfailintheexam.________
2.Iwouldhavefinishedthework,butIhadbeenill.________
3.It'
shightimewedoourhomework.________
4.Iwishshewilldobetternexttime.________
5.Theteacherdemandedthatheansweredthequestionimmediately.___
_____
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.Mysuggestionisthat_______________________(我们根据天气情况来安排运动会的日期).
2._______________________(要不是他的帮助),Icouldn'
thavefinishedtheworkontime.
3.Without/Butforyourhelp,_______________________(我是不会安全到家的).
4.IfIwereyou,I_______________________(更加注意英语的习语和短语).
5._______________________(如果他九点动身的话),heoughttohavebeeninLondon
byeleveno'
clock.
Ⅰ.1.came2.were3.werewatching4.hadbeen5.hadbeeninformed;
shouldknow
Ⅱ.1.fail→havefailed2.hadbeen→was3.do→did4.will→might5.answered→shouldanswer
Ⅲ.1.we(should)fixthedateforthesportsmeetingdependingontheweather
2.Haditnotbeenforhishelp
3.Icouldn'
thavereturnedhomesafely
4.wouldpaymoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases
5.Ifhehadstartedat9:
00
1.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesun'
sheat,theearthatnight________,toocoldforustolive.
A.wouldbefreezing
cold
B.wouldbefrozencold
C.wouldbefreezingcoldly
D.canfreezecoldly
2.Youcan'
timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.
A.mightB.need
C.shouldD.would
3.Ifonlyhe________quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.
A.liesB.lay
C.hadlainD.shouldlie
4.Oh,I'
mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I________somuchfriedchickenjustnow.
A.shouldn'
teatB.mustn'
thaveeaten
C.shouldn'
thaveeatenD.mustn'
teat
5.Mr.White________at8:
30forthemeeting,buthedidn'
tshowup.
A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive
C.
shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving
6.HowIwisheveryfamily________alargehousewithabeautiful
garden!
A.ha
sB.had
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 人教版高中英语选修十 Unit Learning efficiently语法篇教师版 人教版 高中英语 选修 efficiently 语法 教师版
链接地址:https://www.bingdoc.com/p-8655464.html