巴菲特和盖茨在CBS联合采访的文本记录文档格式.docx
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巴菲特和盖茨在CBS联合采访的文本记录文档格式.docx
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IamBeckyQuickatColumbiaBusinessSchoolatColumbiaUniversity.
Let'
shearit,guys.[CHEERSANDAPPLAUSE]WeareintheheartofNewYorkCity.
Thisistheworld'
scenterofcapitalismandthisistheplacewheredreamsreallydocometrue.
Infact,rightnow,lookatallthesepeopleheretoday.
Wecouldbesurrounded--[CHEERSANDAPPLAUSE]
--WecouldbesurroundedbythenextWarrenBuffettorBillGates.
Howaboutyou?
Youreadytogo?
STUDENT:
Wearesoexcitedtoallbeheretoday.
Youwouldn'
tbelievehowmuchticketsarebeingsoldforoutfront.
BECKY:
Iknowyou'
renottellingthetruth.
YouhadtogetinwithyourI.D.,right?
Yes,thisistrue.
We'
rereadytogotonight.
TonightitisallaboutKeepingAmericaGreat.
[CHEERSANDAPPLAUSE]
NopeoplehavedonethatbetterthanWarrenBuffettandBillGates.
Folks,let'
spleasewelcomeWarrenBuffettandBillGates.
IseeWarrenistryingtoworkthehomecrowdherewithColumbia.
Gentlemen,thankyousomuchforjoiningustonight.
Thishasbeen,asyouknow,anextraordinaryyear.
Thisisayearwheretheruleshavebeencompletelyrewritten,wherewehavethrownouttherulebooks,andwehaveseeniconscollapse.
Thisisalsoatimewhenalotofpeoplehaveprobablywonderedaboutourwayoflife.
Peopleinthisveryroom.
That'
sgoingtobeourfocusinjustaminute.
Gentlemen,beforewegettothat,thetwoofyoumayseemlikeanoddpair.
Foranybodywhodoesn'
tknowyoutwowell--
BUFFETT:
You'
llthinkmoreoddwhenwegetthrough.
[LAUGHTER]
Whatbringsyoutwotogethertonight?
WhyyoutwoandwhyherewiththesebusinessstudentshereatColumbia?
WARRENBUFFETT:
Well,weenjoyworkingtogether.
Actually,whenIleftColumbia,theytoldmeIwouldprobablyhavetocomebackandrepeatafewclasses.
SohereIam.
Bill,whataboutyou?
Youarereadytogowiththestudents?
BILLGATES:
Yeah,itwillbealotoffun.
WarrenandIlovegettingthequestionsandtalkingaboutouroptimism.
[APPLAUSE]
Thereasonyoutwoareheretonightisthisisapivotalmomentinhistory.
Peoplehavequestionsabouttheeconomy,aboutourentiresystemofcapitalism.
And,gentlemen,letmeaskeachofyou,overthecourseofthelastyear,wasthereeveratimethatyouhaddoubtsaboutcapitalismandaboutourwayoflife?
No,therewasnotatime.
Iftherehadbeen,lastSeptemberwhenweinvestedalotofmoney,thatwaswhenthecountrywaslookingintotheabyss.
Themoneywasflowingoutofmoneymarketfunds.
Thecommercialpapermarketdiedandeverything.
Weput$8billiontoworkinjustamatterofafewdaysthen.
SoIneverlostconfidenceinthesystem.
Thiscountryworks,youknow.
vegot200yearsofproof.
Andit'
sgoingtocontinuetowork.
Bill,whatdoyouthink,Bill?
GATES:
Well,wehaveacomplexfinancialsystemwhichwehaveproventhatwecanmakemistakes.
Butmorefundamentalthanthatistheinnovation,thefactthatyoucancreatenewcompanies,thatpeoplearewillingtotakeriskandinvest,thatthere'
sgreatsciencegoingon.
Thiscountrystillhasthebestuniversities,thebestscience,andwe'
regoingtotuneoursystemofcapitalism,youknow.
Theideathatyouhavealotofshort-termloanscoveringlong-termneeds,theamountofleveragethatwasthere,therearedefinitelysomelessons.
Butthefundamentalsofthesystem,amarketplace-drivensystemwhereweinvestineducationandagreatinfrastructureforthelong-term,that'
scontinued.
And,youknow,I'
llbettherearesomeinventionsthattookplaceinthatfallinthedarkesthour:
Peoplewereworkingonnewdrugs,newchips,newrobotsandthingstomakelifebetterforeveryoneinthedecadesahead.
Allright.
Tonightisallaboutthestudentsandwhydon'
twestartoutandgetrighttoit.
Whydon'
tyoustartout.
QUESTION:
Wearehonoredtohaveyouhereattheuniversity.
[APPLAUSE]
Myquestionforyouisdirectedtobothofyou,Mr.GatesandMr.Buffett.
I'
dliketoknowyourperspectiveonwhethergreedandimmoralbehavior,unethicalbehavior,werekeycausesoftherecentfinancialcrisis.
Youwentouttowardtheend,Becky.
Justwonderingwhethergreedandcorruptionwerebehindwhathappened.
Itcertainlyplayedapart.
Wehavealwayshadgreed.
Thatdidn'
tgetinventedinthelastfewyears.
Andgreed,fearinthethirdquarter--Imean,theAmericanpeoplewerereallypanickedthereforawhile.
Anditaffectedtheir--itstartedoutonWallStreetbutthenspilledoverintothegeneraleconomysubsequently.
Butwe'
renevergoingtogetridofgreed.
renevergoingtogetridoffear.
Whatwedohaveisasystem,asBillsaid,amarketsystemwherewehavethequalityofopportunityandtheruleoflawcombinedtounleashhumanpotentialinthiscountryoverthelastcoupleofhundredyearstothedegreenobodywouldhavebelievedpossibleafewcenturiesbeforethat.
There'
snothingthat'
sgonewrongwiththatsystem.
Oureconomywassputteringandstillissputteringsome.
vegotthegreatestengineeverdevised.
sjustbeginning.
Greedwillcontinue.
Don'
tworryaboutthat.
OliverStoneisputtingoutasecondfilmhereprettysoon.
ProbablygetmentionedagaininthisonewithGordonGekkomakingareturn.
ButthatisnotwhatdrivestheAmericansystem.
WhatdrivestheAmericansystemisthequalityofopportunityinamarketsystemandtheknowledgethatwhenyougetoutofhere,you'
regoingtoenjoythefruitsoftheknowledgeyouhavegained.
Anditwillkeepworking.
dlovetotradeplaceswithanyofyou.
Bill,doyouhaveanyextrathoughtsonthat?
Well,thebestsystemsareoneswhereyouhavegoodshort-termmetrics,greataccounting,lookingatprofits,lookingatriskandwillingtodothingslong-term.
Investinginnewresearch,lettingpeoplebuildnewcompanies.
Iwasahugebeneficiaryofthiscountry'
suniquewillingnesstotakeriskonayoungperson.
And,youknow,Igottohirepeoplewhowereolder.
Igottoselltopeoplewhowereolder.
Anditwaskindofadreamcometrue.
Andthatkindofthingis--othercountrieshaveseenitandtheyaretryingtocreatethatsamedynamic.
Andthat'
sgoodfortheworld.
It'
sexcellentthatChinaandIndiawillborrowourideasaboutuniversities,aboutentrepreneurship,simplificationofbusiness.
Noneofuswanttoborrowthisextremeleveragethatwegotinto.
Butinasense,that'
skindofa--Idon'
twanttosayminor,butitdoesn'
tspeaktotheheartofwhythingshaveworkedsowell.
sgettoanotherquestion.
Howaboutrighthere?
Hello.
MynameisAccosiaBagima.
IamfromtheNorthernVirginiaareaandI'
mafirst-yearstudenthereatColumbia.
AndIwanttothank,onceagain,bothofyouforcoming.
sanhonor.
MyquestionisdirectedtowardMr.Gates.
Mr.Gates,Iknowyou'
renotinthefinanceindustry,butcanyoutelluswhatyouwerefeelingwhenyoufirstheardthatLehmanwasfilingforbankruptcy?
Idon'
tfollowinvestmentbanks,youknow,veryclosely.
Soitdidn'
tstrikemeasfundamentallyaterriblething.
Inthetechnologybusiness,thetwocompaniesIadmiredthemost,WangIndustriesandDigitalEquipment,hadbothbasicallygonebankrupt.
Digitalactuallygotbought.
Andsothefactthatthere'
stheseupsanddowns,certainfirmsgetknockedout,Ididn'
thaveanysentimentalityoverthatparticularfirm.
Now,thisknock-oneffectwhereotherpeoplehaddebtstothemandthoseweregoingtobeveryhardtosettleandthatcomplexitymightcausethingstofreezeup,thatIcalledupWarrenandIsaid,"
ShouldIbeworried?
"
Andhesaid,"
Alittlebit."
Warren,wasitamistakeforthegovernmenttoallowLehmantogounder?
Itmayhavebeen.
ButIwouldsayoverall,theofficialsinWashingtondidaterrificjobofdealingwithreallywhatwasaneconomicPearlHarbor,aswetalkedabout.
SoIwouldsaythatifMerrillhadn'
tbeenboughtbytheBofA,Merrillwouldhavegoneveryquickly.
Andthedominoeswerereallylinedup.
AndIdon'
tthinkitwasfullyappreciated,perhaps,whatabigdominoLehmanwasorhowcloseitwastothenextbigdominoes.
Butoverall,Igive(formerTreasurySecretaryHenry)Paulson,Igive(FederalReserveChairmanBen)Bernanke,Igive(FDICChairman)SheilaBair,Igive(TreasurySecretary)TimGeithner,Igivethemveryhighmarksforthe
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