上海市高三上学期模拟英语试题十Word下载.docx
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上海市高三上学期模拟英语试题十Word下载.docx
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一、用单词的适当形式完成短文
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;
fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
It’scomingfrominsidethehouse
Assomeonewho’sbeenremodelinghomesforabout20years,Icantellyouit’snotapredictable9-to-5.Whenyoustarttearingdownwalls,youneverknowwhatyou(21)1.(find).
I’veseentotalelectricalchaos('
混乱)wherepeoplejoinedtogetherwiresandjustwrappedit
allupininsulating(绝缘的)tape,poppeditbehindsomedrywall,andclearlyforgotaboutit.
(22)2.handlingthatkindofwiringisobviouslydangerous,thescariestpartisnotknowinghowmuchmoreisstillhiding.You’regoing:
“Isthereanyofitthatwe’renotgoingtofind?
Becausewe’renottearingdowneverywall.”Youdon’twanttoleaveanewly(23)3.(remodel)homewithfirethreats.
Andcreativeplumbingmightnotbeaslikelytobumyourhousedown,butitcanstillbeahugepain.OnceItorethroughawallinanoldhouseandfounda4-inchpiperunningthroughthe
middleofit(24)4.madeabsolutelynosense;
itwasn’tgoingtoor(25)5.abathroom.Andyouhavetofigureout(26)6.you’regoingtodowiththat.Canyousomehowjustleaveitaloneandbuildaroundit,ordoyouneedtospendthreedays(27)7.(try)togetitout?
Thentherearetheissuesthatdon’thave(28)8.todowithhard-ware.Inremodeling.there’salwaysdecay.You’reconstantlydealingwithdisgustingthings.I’vefounddeadanimals—andliveanimals,whichisevenscarier.Thisjobtakesastrongstomach.
Oddlyenough,it’sactuallykindofgoodnewswhenaplace(29)9.(smell)unpleasantbecauseofadeadanimal.Ittends(30)10.(keep)thepricedown,butifyoupowerthroughandcleanthingsup,thattemporaryunpleasantsmellisn’tgoingtoimpactthehouse'
slong-termvalue.SoIalwayssay,thestinker(臭)thebetter.Atleastthat'
ssomethingyoucaneasilyfix.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
Identifytheproblem,agoal,andareward
NovelistSarahHoweryHartsaysit'
simportantthatwritersidentifyaspecificproblem,agoal,andarewardforanybehaviortheywishtochange.Inherconferenceworkshopstitled“Stuck,Tired,Bored,andDistracted:
HowWritersinDistresscanusePsychologyToolstoOvercomeCommonWriting-relatedProblems,sheteachestechniqueslearnedinherdoctoralstudyofpsychologytohelpwritersbecomemore11.andefficient.
Oneofthemostcommon12.shehearsisthelackoftimetowrite.“First,weneedtodeterminewhatthatmeans,”shesays.“Maybeitmeansthatyoudothingsthat13.yourownwriting,likecheckingemailsandsocialmedia.Yournextstepistodeterminehow14.thisishappening.”
Sheoffersherparticipantsworksheetstohelpthemmeasurehowoftenaparticularbehavioroccurs,andthenasksthemto15.whetherthebehavioristrulyaproblem.“Let’ssayyoufindthatyoucheckyouremailonceanhourwhileyou'
rewriting.Isthattoofrequent?
Onlyyoucandeterminethat,’’shesays.“IfyoucheckyouremailandthenmoveontoFacebookandthentoTwitter-evenifyou’veonlycheckedonce,thiscantakea(n)16.15minutesoutofyourwritinghour.Also,youloseyour17.ofthoughtandcan’trememberwhatyouweregoingtowritenext.”
Sheadviseswriterstosetagoal-forinstance,writingforanhourwithoutcheckingemailorsocialmedia.“Andthenyouhavetodetermineyourreward18.,”shesays.“Howoftenwillyouneedtorewardyourself?
”
Sheurgeswriterstoassesstheirprogress19..“Afteraday,afterafewdays,areyoumeetingyourgoals?
”shesays.“Iftherewarddidn’twork,youmayneedto20.it.Maybereadingabookfor15minuteswasn'
tthestrongestrewardforyoubecauseyoureadfortwohourswhenyougotobedatnight.Maybeyou’drathergotothegymoroutforahalf-hourrun.”
三、完形填空
Don'
tlooknow,butthattreemaybewatchingyou.Severallinesofrecentresearchsuggestthatplantsarecapableof21andmayevenpossesssomethinglikeaneye,despiteaverysimpleone.
Theideathatplantsmayhave“eyes”is,inaway,nothing22.In1907FrancisDarwin,Charles'
sson,assumedthatleaveshaveorgansthatareacombinationoflens-likecellsandlight-sensitivecells.Experimentsintheearly20thcenturyseemedto23thatsuchstructures,nowcalledocelli(单眼),exist,buttheconceptofa“seeingplant”fellbythewayside—onlyto24inthepastfewyears.
InarecentissueofTrendsinPlantScience,FrantisekBaluska,aplantcellbiologistattheUniversityofBonninGermany,andStefanoMancuso,aplantphysiologistattheUniversityofFlorenceinItaly,layoutnew25forvisuallyawarevegetation.Tomaketheircase,theresearchersfirstpointtothe201626thatSyn-echocystiscyanobacteria(蓝藻),single-celledplantscapableofphotosynthesis,actlikeocelli.“Thesecyanobacteriausetheentirecellbodyasalenstofocusanimageofthelightsourceatthecellmembrane(膜),asintheretina(视网膜)ofananimaleye,”saysUniversityofLondonmicrobiologistConradMullineaux,whohelpedtomakethediscovery.Althoughresearchersarenotsurewhatthepurposeofthismechanismis,its27suggeststhatasimilaronecouldhaveevolvedinhigherplants.“Ifsomethinglikethisisalreadypresentatthelowerlevelofevolution,itismostlikely28Baluskasays.Recentworkalso29thatsomeplants,suchasthecabbageandmustardrelativeArabidopsis,makeproteinsthatareinvolvedinthedevelopmentandfunctioningofeyespots--theeyesfoundinsomesingle-celledplants.These30specificallyshowupinstructurescalledplastoglobuli,whichareknownforgivingautumnleavestheirredandorangecolours.“Thisdiscoverysuggeststhatplastoglobuliinplantsmay31eyespots,”Baluskasays.
Otherobservationalresearchrevealsplantshavevisualcapabilitieswejustdonot32yet.Forinstance,asreportedin2014inCurrentBiology,theclimbingwoodvineBoquilatrifoliolatacansomehowmodifyitsleavestoimitatethecolorsandshapesofitshostplant.
Althoughtheevidenceforeyelikestructuresinhigherplantsremains33,itisgrowing.“Ihadneverheardaboutplantvision,andIwouldhavedismisseditas34untilmyowndiscoveryofcyanobacteriaactingasacameraeye,”saysbiotechnologistNilsSchuergers,co-authorofthe2016studyonSynechocystis.Thenext35istoconfirmtheearly20th-centuryexperimentsshowingthatplantcellsthemselvescanactlikelenses—andresearchersstillneedtofigureoutalltheendstowhichplantsputtheirsight.
21.A.visionB.breathC.hearingD.emotion
22.A.wrongB.trueC.interestingD.new
23.A.confirmB.exploreC.warnD.ignore
24.A.re-issueB.re-formC.re-checkD.re-emerge
25.A.approachB.evidenceC.planD.theory
26.A.conceptB.discoveryC.researchD.evolution
27.A.developmentB.functionC.existenceD.intention
28.A.recordedB.foundC.keptD.broken
29.A.wondersB.recallsC.deniesD.shows
30.A.proteinsB.plantsC.coloursD.leaves
31.A.dependonB.actasC.sticktoD.engagein
32.A.announceB.developC.applyD.understand
33.A.limitedB.sufficientC.convincingD.divided
34.A.unimportantB.unlikelyC.meaningfulD.realistic
35.A.itemB.choiceC.challengeD.mistake
四、阅读选择
TheannualCanadiancommercialsealhuntistheworld'
slargesthuntofmarinemammals.Afewweeksold,thesealpups(幼崽)areprizedprimarilyfortheirskinsandalsofortheomega-3-richoilusedinfoodsupplements--productsthatareshippedaroundtheworld.
Thismonth,theWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)inGeneva,Switzerland,isexpectedtoannouncewhetherproductsfromcommercialsealhuntingcanbemarketedinEurope.Atpresent,theycannot.SuchproductshavebeenbannedbytheEuropeanUnion(EU)since2009toprotect‘publicmorals’CanadaandNorwayhaveaskedtheWTOtooverturntheban—thefirstofitskind--andthetradebodywillsoondeliveritsfinaldecision.
Asanofficialobserver,Ihaveseenthehuntfromtheiceandfromhelicopters.Thedetailsaregrisly.ThatiswhytheWTOoriginallyagreedthattheEUcouldacttolimittradeonthegroundsofpublicmorals—thefirsttimethatsucharestrictionhadbeenputinplace.
Whentheyareborn,sealpupshavewhitefur.Theyareabandonedbytheirmothersatabout12daysofage.Strandedontheunstableice,theyremainaloneandunfedforuptosixweeks,andduringthistimetheirfurchangesfromwhitetogrey--andthehuntersarrive.
Thepupsareeithershotfromboats,orclubbedwithawoodenbatoraniron-tippedpolecalledahakapik.Someshotandinjuredsealsslideintothewaterandarelost.Manyshotandinjuredanimalscouldpotentiallysufferforseveralminuteswhilethehuntersdrivetheirboatscloseenoughtoclubthemunconscious.Iftheiceistoounstableforthehunterstocross,shotandinjuredbutconsciousandreactivesealscanbedraggedintotheboatswithlonghookedgaffs(鱼叉)beforebeingclubbed.
AsahumanandasascientistIconsiderthehunttopresentrealandsignificantwelfareconcerns.Theavailablescientificevidencesupportsthatopinion.Butscience,ofcourse,isonlyoneofthefactorsatplay.PerhapsthefinalwordshouldgotoastatementattributedtoMahatmaGandhi:
“Thegreatnessofanationanditsmoralprogresscanbejudgedbythewayitsanimalsaretreated.”
36.WhyisWTO’sbanintroducedinthepassage“thefirstofitskind”?
A.Itisthefirsttotakelittlen
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