曼昆微观经济学英文版课后练习题第一章Word文档格式.doc
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曼昆微观经济学英文版课后练习题第一章Word文档格式.doc
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a. “environment.”
b. “production.”
c. “onewhomanagesahousehold.”
d. “onewhomakesdecisions.”
C DIF:
3. Resourcesare
a. scarceforhouseholdsbutplentifulforeconomies.
b. plentifulforhouseholdsbutscarceforeconomies.
c. scarceforhouseholdsandscarceforeconomies.
d. plentifulforhouseholdsandplentifulforeconomies.
Resources,Scarcity MSC:
Interpretive
4. Economicsdealsprimarilywiththeconceptof
a. scarcity.
b. poverty.
c. change.
d. power.
A DIF:
Scarcity MSC:
5. Whichofthefollowingquestionsisnotansweredbythedecisionsthateverysocietymustmake?
a. Whatdeterminesconsumerpreferences?
b. Whatgoodswillbeproduced?
c. Whowillproducethegoods?
d. Whowillconsumethegoods?
2 REF:
1-0
Economies MSC:
6. Theoverridingreasonastowhyhouseholdsandsocietiesfacemanydecisionsisthat
a. resourcesarescarce.
b. goodsandservicesarenotscarce.
c. incomesfluctuatewithbusinesscycles.
d. people,bynature,tendtodisagree.
7. Thephenomenonofscarcitystemsfromthefactthat
a. mosteconomies’productionmethodsarenotverygood.
b. inmosteconomies,wealthypeopleconsumedisproportionatequantitiesofgoodsandservices.
c. governmentsrestrictsproductionoftoomanygoodsandservices.
d. resourcesarelimited.
8. Approximatelywhatpercentageoftheworld'
seconomiesexperiencescarcity?
a. 25%
b. 50%
c. 75%
d. 100%
9. Whenasocietycannotproduceallthegoodsandservicespeoplewishtohave,itissaidthattheeconomyisexperiencing
b. shortages.
c. inefficiencies.
d. inequities.
10. Forsociety,agoodisnotscarceif
a. atleastoneindividualinsocietycanobtainallheorshewantsofthegood.
b. firmsareproducingthegoodatfullcapacity.
c. allmembersofsocietycanhavealltheywantofthegood.
d. thosewhohaveenoughincomecanbuyalltheywantofthegood.
11. Whichofthefollowingproductswouldbeconsideredscarce?
a. golfclubs
b. Picassopaintings
c. apples
d. Alloftheabovearecorrect.
12. Economicsisthestudyof
a. productionmethods.
b. howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.
c. howhouseholdsdecidewhoperformswhichtasks.
d. theinteractionofbusinessandgovernment.
B DIF:
Economies,Scarcity MSC:
13. Economicsisthestudyof
a. howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.
b. thegovernment'
sroleinsociety.
c. howamarketsystemfunctions.
d. howtoincreaseproduction.
14. Inmostsocieties,resourcesareallocatedby
a. asinglecentralplanner.
b. asmallnumberofcentralplanners.
c. thosefirmsthatuseresourcestoprovidegoodsandservices.
d. thecombinedactionsofmillionsofhouseholdsandfirms.
Resourceallocation MSC:
15. Theadage,"
Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch,"
isusedtoillustratetheprinciplethat
a. goodsarescarce.
b. peoplefacetradeoffs.
c. incomemustbeearned.
d. householdsfacemanydecisions.
1-1
Tradeoffs MSC:
16. Theadage,"
means
a. evenpeopleonwelfarehavetopayforfood.
b. thecostoflivingisalwaysincreasing.
c. togetsomethingwelike,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthingwelike.
d. allcostsareincludedinthepriceofaproduct.
17. Economistsusethephrase"
toillustratetheprinciplethat
a. inflationalmostalwaysresultsinhigherpricesovertime.
b. nothingisfreeinamarketeconomy.
c. makingdecisionsrequirestradingoffonegoalagainstanother.
d. ifsomethinglookstoogoodtobetrue,itprobablyisnotworthpursuing.
18. Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestrepresentstheprinciplerepresentedbytheadage,"
Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch"
?
a. Melissacanattendtheconcertonlyifshetakeshersisterwithher.
b. Gregishungryandhomeless.
c. Brianmustrepairthetireonhisbikebeforehecanrideittoclass.
d. KendramustdecidebetweengoingtoColoradoorCancunforspringbreak.
3 REF:
Applicative
19. Theprinciplethat"
peoplefacetradeoffs"
appliesto
a. individuals.
b. families.
c. societies.
20. Atypicalsocietystrivestogetthemostitcanfromitsscarceresources.Atthesametime,thesocietyattemptstodistributethebenefitsofthoseresourcestothemembersofthesocietyinafairmanner.Inotherwords,thesocietyfacesatradeoffbetween
a. gunsandbutter.
b. efficiencyandequity.
c. inflationandunemployment.
d. workandleisure.
Efficiency,Equity MSC:
21. Gunsandbutterareusedtorepresenttheclassicsocietaltradeoffbetweenspendingon
a. durableandnondurablegoods.
b. importsandexports.
c. nationaldefenseandconsumergoods.
d. lawenforcementandagriculture.
22. Whensocietyrequiresthatfirmsreducepollution,thereis
a. atradeoffbecauseofreducedincomestothefirms'
ownersandworkers.
b. atradeoffonlyifsomefirmsareforcedtoclose.
c. notradeoff,sincethecostofreducingpollutionfallsonlyonthefirmsaffectedbytherequirements.
d. notradeoff,sinceeveryonebenefitsfromreducedpollution.
23. Atradeoffexistsbetweenacleanenvironmentandahigherlevelofincomeinthat
a. studiesshowthatindividualswithhigherlevelsofincomeactuallypollutelessthanlow-incomeindividuals.
b. effortstoreducepollutiontypicallyarenotcompletelysuccessful.
c. lawsthatreducepollutionraisecostsofproductionandreduceincomes.
d. byemployingindividualstocleanuppollution,employmentandincomebothrise.
24. Whichofthefollowingphrasesbestcapturesthenotionofefficiency?
a. absolutefairness
b. equaldistribution
c. minimumwaste
d. equitableoutcome
Efficiency MSC:
25. Whichofthefollowingistrue?
a. Efficiencyreferstothesizeoftheeconomicpie;
equityreferstohowthepieisdivided.
b. Governmentpoliciesusuallyimproveuponbothequityandefficiency.
c. Aslongastheeconomicpiecontinuallygetslarger,noonewillhavetogohungry.
d. Efficiencyandequitycanbothbeachievediftheeconomicpieiscutintoequalpieces.
26. Efficiencymeansthat
a. societyisconservingresourcesinordertosavethemforthefuture.
b. society'
sgoodsandservicesaredistributedequallyamongsociety'
smembers.
c. society'
sgoodsandservicesaredistributedfairly,thoughnotnecessarilyequally,amongsociety'
d. societyisgettingthemaximumbenefitsfromitsscarceresources.
27. Economistsusethewordequitytodescribeasituationinwhich
a. eachmemberofsocietyhasthesameincome.
b. eachmemberofsocietyhasaccesstoabundantquantitiesofgoodsandservices,regardlessofhisorherincome.
c. societyisgettingthemaximumbenefitsfromitsscarceresources.
d. thebenefitsofsociety'
sresourcesaredistributedfairlyamongsociety'
Equity MSC:
28. SenatorSmithwantstoincreasetaxesonpeoplewithhighincomesandusethemoneytohelpthepoor.SenatorJonesarguesthatsuchataxwilldiscouragesuccessfulpeoplefromworkingandwillthereforemakesocietyworseoff.Aneconomistwouldsaythat
a. weshouldagreewithSenatorSmith.
b. weshouldagreewithSenatorJones.
c. agooddecisionrequiresthatwerecognizebothviewpoints.
d. therearenotradeoffsbetweenequityandefficiency.
29. Whichofthefollowingwordsandphrasesbestcapturesthenotionofequity?
a. minimumwaste
b. maximumbenefit
c. sameness
d. fairness
30. Whengovernmentpoliciesareenacted,
a. equitycanusuallybeenhancedwithoutanefficiencyloss,butefficiencycanneverbeenhancedwithoutanequityloss.
b. efficiencycanusuallybeenhancedwithoutanequityloss,butequitycanneverbeenhancedwithoutanefficiencyloss.
c. itisalwaysthecasethateitherefficiencyandfairnessarebothenhanced,orefficiencyandequityarebothdiminished.
d. Noneoftheabovearecorrect.
Government,Efficiency,Equity MSC:
31. Alikelyeffectofgovernmentpoliciesthatredistributeinc
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