定语从句考点复习.docx
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定语从句考点复习.docx
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定语从句考点复习
考点一:
如何判断正确使用关系代词和关系副词
步骤:
1)找出定语从句中的谓语动词
2)根据句子的结构判断句子是否完整
3)如果句子完整用关系副词,如果不完整用关系代词
4)根据先行词选择正确的引导词
1.Thisisthefactory__________Ivisitedlastyear.
Thisisthefactory__________Iworkedlastyear.
2.I’llneverforgettheday________wespenttogether.
I’llneverforgettheday______weworkedtogether.
3.Thisisthereason______canexplainhiscominglate.
Thisisthereason_______hewaslate.
5)如果主从句是一般疑问句,则先把该句子变成陈述句式,再进行分析
Isthis+n+theonethat+从句(句子结构不完整)
Isthis+n+theonewhere+从句(句子结构不完整)
Isthis+the+n+that/which+从句(句子结构不完整)
Isthis+the+n+where+从句(句子结构完整)
6)如果句子里面有Ithink,Ibelieve,Isuppose,Iguess时,先判断该形式是否属于插入语,然后再分析
1.Mr.Smithistherightperson,______ithinkwillbeourmonitor.
A.whomB.whoC.thatD.which
2.Thisisthebook_________Ithinkisof
greatimportance.
A.whomB.whoC.thatD.which
3.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_______ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis
考点二:
whose的用法
whose=the+名词+of+which/whom
=ofwhich/whom+the+名词
Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.
A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsof
C.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich
考点三:
that与who的区别
在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行词时,用”who”代替“that”.
Anyone_____breaksthelawispunished.
Those_____breakthelawarepunished.
He_____breaksthelawispunished.
考点三:
介词+关系词
1)从句中短语动词的固定搭配
1.Heistheman____whomweborrowedthebook.
2.Sheshowedmethedictionary___whichshepaidalotofmoney.
2)先行词的习惯搭配
1.Iwillneverforgettheday__whichIjoinedtheparty.
2.Thespeed__whichlighttravelsis300.000kmpersecond
3)句子的语意
Air,_______whichwecannotlive,isreallyimportant
注意:
“名词/代词+of+which/whom”来引起,表示部分与整体的关系。
练习:
1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.thatB.whoC.forwhomD.towhom
2.Recently,IboughtanancientChinesevase,_________wasveryreasonable.
A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhich
C.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose
3.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,______wantedtobuyit.
A.noneofthemB.bothofthem
C.noneofthemD.neitherofwhom
1Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisno
roomtospreadoutfurther,____New
Yorkisanexample.
A.forwhichB.inwhich
C.ofwhichD.fromwhich(08川)
4.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,____hewentontoCambridge.
A.fromwhichB.afterthat
C.afterwhichD.fromthis
考点四:
关系副词where的用法
翻译:
在。
。
。
。
。
这里/那里
1.在一些特殊词的后面,point,case,situation,position,stage后,但是前提是后面的句子结构是完整的。
eg:
Therearesomecases_____thisruledoesnotholdgood.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
2)Icanthinkofmanycases______youknownothingabout.
Icanthinkofmanycases______youcanfindlotsofclues.
2.from+where引导的定语从句
有时from+where表示一个更确切的位置
Eg:
Weallstoodonthetopofthehighbuilding,______wecouldseethewholecity.
AtowhichBfromwhere
CfromwhichDwhich
3.在隐形的地点名词后使用
1.Thisisajobwhereyoucanlearnsomething.
2.Itisabusinesswheremanypeoplearewaitingforagreatchance.
2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?
---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.(06江西)
A.whyB.whereC.howD./
3.Lifeisalongrace_______wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.when
考点五:
that与which的选择
一.限定性定语从句中只用that的情况:
1.当先行词是不定代词all,much,little,something,everything,nothing,none,theone时:
Eg:
1)Doyouhaveanything______youwanttosayforyourself?
2)Finally,thethiefhandeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.
AwhichBwhatCwhateverDthat
2.当先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,same等词修饰时:
Eg:
1)___________(这就是我正在等的人.)
2)Theonlything___(我们能做的)isgiveyousomemoney.
3.当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时:
Eg:
1)Thisisthebest_______hasbeenusedagainstpollution.
2)_____________(这是我看到的最有趣的电影.)
4.当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时:
Eg:
1)Thistrainisthelast_____willgotoSuzhou.
2)WhatisthefirstAmericanfilm________youhaveseen?
5.当先行词既有人又有物时:
Eg:
Doyouknow________(他们正在谈论的人和物吗?
)?
6.当主句的主语时who或which时:
Eg:
1)whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?
AthatBwhichCwhomDwhat
2)Whoistheboy______wonthegoldmedal?
7.句子中有两个定语从句时,其中一个已用which,另外一个易用that.
Eg:
Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactory,whichproducedthings________couldcausepollution.
8.当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词在从句中也作表语时:
Eg:
Shanghaiisnolongerthecity_____itusedtobe.
二.定语从句中只用which不用that的情况:
1.在非限定性定于从句中只用which不用that.
Eg:
1)Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,________,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
2)NewYork,______lastyear,isanicecity.
AthatIvisitedBwhichIvisited
CwhereIvisitedDinwhichIvisited
2.在由介词+关系代词的这一形式中
Eg:
1)Hereisthecar______Itoldyouyesterday.
2)Theretiringteachermadeaspeech_______shethankedtheclassforthegift.
AwhichBofwhichCinwhichDthat
3.在定语从句中出现了Ithink或Iguess等时。
Eg:
1)Thisdictionary________Ithinkisthebestoneamongallmydictionaries,isnew.
2)Themanissinginghighlyofhisgoods_______Iguessarenotgoodenough.
1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.whatB.itC.whenD.which
1.All____isneededisasupplyofoil.
A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which
2.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.
A.afterB.whatC.whateverD.that
3.Thearcheologisthasdiscoveredoneofthemostvaluablepictures_____haveeverbeenpainted.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD./
考点六:
考查as在定语从句的用法,及其与which的区别
1.区别:
①as有“正如,就像”之意,而which没有
②as引导的从句可放在句首、句中、句末;而which引导的从句不能放在句首。
2.常用的这种类似插入语的句式有:
Asissaidaboveasisknowntoallasisalreadymentionedaboveasisoftenthecaseasoftenhappensasweallcanseeasisreportedinthenewspaperasisshowninpictureasmaybeimagined
3.构成such----as;thesame----as结构,as引导限制性定语从句
Helivesinthesamebuilding_____wedo.
Ishalldoitinthesameway______youdo.
Note:
thesame---as与thesame----that的区别:
Thesame---as是指_________;
Thisisthesamepen______Ilost(一样)
Thesame-----that是指_________;
ThisisthesamepenIlost.(同一个)
1.____ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinSeniorhighschoolsisincreasing.
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It
2.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice___peopleexpected.
A.likeB.asC.thatD.Which
考点七:
Theway,thetime作先行词定语从句的引导词。
Theway作先行词定语从句的引导词可以为:
_____,______,__________
Eg:
1)Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway_____hesaidit.
2)Theway_____heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.
当先行词是time时,若time作“次数”讲,应用关系代词that引导定语从句,that可省略,若time作“一段时间”讲,应用关系代词when或at/during+which引导定语从句。
Eg:
1)Thisisthesecondtime_______Ihavebeenhere.
2)Thiswasatatime_______therewasnoradios,notelephones,ornoTVsets.
3)Canyoustillrememberthetime____wespenttogetherinourchildhood?
考点八:
主谓一致的问题
(1)oneof+复数名词+关系代词+复数动词
(2)theonly/veryoneof+复数名词+关系代词+单数动词
Eg:
Titanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthat______(have)beenproducedinHollywood.
Eg:
TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththat______(be)seenfromthemoon.
注意:
nottheonlyoneof…=oneof
Eg:
1.Tomisn’ttheonlyoneoftheboyswho__________(have)passedtheexam.
2.Tomisoneoftheboyswho______(have)passedtheexam.
3.Tomistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_______(have)passedtheexam.
4.I,who_______(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.
考点九、考查定语从句与其他相关句型的区别:
1、考查定语从句与并列句的区别:
ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,___,inface,Iwaswalkingaboutmydaughter.
A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while
比较:
①Soontheycametoafarmhouse,and,___roofwasmuchhigherthanothers.
②Soontheycametoafarmhouse,____roofwasmuchhigherthanothers.
A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.its
2、考查定语从句与状语从句的区别:
①Whenyoureadthebookm,you’dbettermakeamask_______youhaveanyquestions.
A.atwhichB.atwhere
C.theplacewhereD.where
②Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputupataplace____therehadoncebeenatheatre.
A.whichB.whereC.atthatD.that
③Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings____youcanfindthemagain.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.then
④We’rejustreachingapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
比较:
①Itissuchamodernmachine____fewoftheworkersknowhowtooperateit.
②Itissuchamodernmachine_____fewoftheworkersknowhowtooperate.
A.asB.whichC./D.That
3、考查定语从句与名词性从句的区别:
比较定语从句与主语从句:
①Thefactpuzzledmemuch______Ihavebeenunabletopassthedrivingtestuptonow.
②Doyouunderstandthefact____heexplainedtoyoujustnow?
A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.as
比较定语从句与主语从句:
①_____iswellknowntousall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.
②_______iswellknowntousallthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.
A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.Which
4、考查定语从句与强调句型的区别:
比较:
Itisthenewsthathetoldmeyesterday.
Itisthenewsthatmademeangry.
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