药理选择英文版.docx
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药理选择英文版.docx
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药理选择英文版
Chooseonecorrectanswer(单选题)
1.Pharmacologyis()
A.Pharmacodynamics
B.Pharmacokinetics
C.Mechanismofdrugaction
D.Studiesofinteractionsbetweendrugandbody
E.Subjectrelatedtothemedicinalchemistryandphysiology
2.药理学是研究()
A.药物效应动力学B.药物代谢动力学C.药物作用机理
D.药物与机体相互作用的规律E.与药物学和生理学相关的学科
3.Thecontentsofpharmcodynamicsare()
A.Clinicaleffectofdrug
B.Mechanismofdrugaction
C.Theprocessthatactionofdrugonthebody
D.Factorsaffectingthedrugeffect
E.Factorsaffectingthedrugprocessinthebody
4.药效学研究的内容是()
A.药物的临床疗效B.药物的作用机理C.药物对机体的作用规律
D.药物疗效的影响因素E.药物体内过程的影响因素
5.Thecontentsofpharmacokineticsare()
A.Relationshipbetweenconcentrationandclinicaleffectofdrug
B.Relationshipbetweenbloodconcentrationofdrugandtime
C.Factorsaffectingthedrugabsorption
D.Factorsaffectingthedrugbiotransformation
E.Theprocessthatactionofbodyondrug
6.药动学研究的内容是()
A.血药浓度与临床疗效的关系B.血药浓度与时间的变化规律
C.药物吸收的影响因素D.药物生物转化的影响因素
E.机体对药物的处置的动态变化
7.Theprocessesofdruginthebodyinclude()
A.Absorption
B.Distribution
C.Metabolism
D.Excretion
E.AllofA,B,CandD
8.药物在体内的过程包括()
A.吸收
B.分布
C.代谢
D.排泄
E.以上均对
9.Themodebywhichmostdrugsgetacrossthecellmembraneare()
A.Passivetransport
B.Simplediffusion
C.Facilitateddiffusion
D.Filtration
E.Pinocytosis
10.大多数药物的跨膜转运方式是()
A主动转运B简单扩散C易化扩散D滤过E胞饮
11.Theresultsofdrugbiotransformationare()
A.Increasedpolaritytobeeasilyeliminated
B.Increasedactivity
C.Decreasedornotoxicity
D.Decreasedornoactivity
E.AllofA,B,CandD
12.药物经生物转化后()
A极性增加,利于消除B活性增大C毒性减弱或消失
D活性减弱或消失E以上都有可能
13.Themainexcretionpathwaysofdrugorthemetaboliteare()
A.Kidney
B.Bile
C.Milk
D.Sweat
E.Respiratorytract
14.药物或其代谢物排泄的主要途径是()
A肾B胆汁C乳汁D汗腺E呼吸道
15.Thecharacteristicsofactivetransportare()
A.Alongwiththeconcentrationgradient;energynotneeded;carrierneeded
B.Alongwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;carrierneeded
C.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;nocompetition
D.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energyneeded;canbesaturated
E.Againstwiththeconcentrationgradient;energynotneeded;canbesaturated
16.主动转运的特点是()
A顺浓度差,不耗能,需载体 B顺浓度差,耗能,需载体
C逆浓度差,耗能,无竞争现象 D逆浓度差,耗能,有饱和现象
E逆浓度差,不耗能,有饱和现象
17.Thecharacteristicsoffirstorderkineticsare()
A.Eliminatedbyconstantratio;t1/2isnotaconstant
B.Eliminatedbyconstantamount;t1/2isaconstant
C.Eliminatedbyconstantamount;t1/2isnotaconstant
D.Eliminatedbyconstantratio;t1/2isaconstant
E.t1/2changeswiththechangeofbloodconcentrationofdrug
18.一级消除动力学的特点是()
A恒比消除,tl/2不定B恒量消除,tl/2恒定
C恒量消除,tl/2不定D恒比消除,tl/2恒定
Etl/2随血药浓度变化而变化
19.Thet1/2ofonedrugis10h,howlongwillthedrugbenearlycompletelyeliminatedifgivenonce?
()
A.About10h
B.About2d
C.About1d
D.About20h
E.About5d
20.某药半衰期为10小时,一次给药后,药物在体内基本消除时间为()
A10小时左右B2天左右C1天左右
D20小时左右E5天左右
21.Thebloodconcentrationofphenytoinincreasedifcombinedwithchloromycinbecausechloromycincan()
A.Increasetheabsorptionofphenytoin
B.Competetheplasmaproteinwithphenytoin
C.Increasethebioavailabilityofphenytoin
D.Inhibittheactivityofliverdrugmetabolismenzyme
E.Reducetheexcretionofphenytoinfromurine
22.氯霉素与苯妥英钠合用时,可使苯妥英钠血药浓度升高,是因为氯霉素能()
A增加吸收B竞争血浆蛋白结合部位C提高生物利用度
D抑制肝药酶E减少尿中排泄
23.HowtoacceleratetheexcretionofPhenobarbitalfromurineifitisoverdosed?
()
A.AlkalifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultingintheincreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubular
B.AlkalifytheurinetodecreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultingintheincreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubular
C.AlkalifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultinginthedecreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubular
D.acidifytheurinetoincreasethedissociationofPhenobarbital,resultinginthedecreasedreabsorptionbyrenaltubular
E.NoneofA,B,CandD
24.苯巴比妥过量中毒,为了促使其加速排泄,应()
A碱化尿液,使解离度增大,增加肾小管再吸收
B碱化尿液,使解离度增小,增加肾小管再吸收
C碱化尿液,使解离度增大,减少肾小管再吸收
D酸化尿液,使解离度增大,减少肾小管再吸收
E以上均不对
25.Thebioavailabilityofdrugis()
A.Thebloodamountofdrugabsorbedfromthegastrointestinaltract
B.Thebloodconcentrationofdrugabsorbedfromthegastrointestinaltract
C.Theamountofdrugintheactioncite
D.Thepercentageofdruginthebloodtothedosegivenatanyroutes
E.NoneofA,B,CandD
26.药物的生物利用度是指()
A.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的量
B.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的浓度
C.药物吸收到达作用点的量
D.任何给药途径下药物进入血液循环的百分比
E.以上均不对
27.Theplasmahalflife(t1/2)is()
A.Thetimeduringwhich50%ofdrugisexcretedfromthebody
B.Thetimeduringwhich50%ofdrugisbiotransformed
C.Halfofthetimeduringwhichthedrugcompletelydisappearedfromblood
D.Thetimeduringwhichdrugconcentrationdecreasesbyhalf
E.Thetimeduringwhichdrugeffectdecreasesbyhalf
28.药物的血浆半衰期是()
A50%药物从体内排出所需要的时间B50%药物进行了生物转化
C药物从血浆中消失所需要的时间的一半D血浆浓度下降一半所需要的时间
E药物作用强度减弱一半所需要的时间
29.Themainroutesthroughwhichthefirstpasseffectofdrugoccurs()
A.Intravenousinjection
B.Subcutaneousinjection
C.Intramuscleinjection
D.Oraladministration
E.Inhalation
30.药物首过消除主要发生于()
A静脉注射B皮下注射C肌肉注射D口服给药E吸入给药
31.Atwhichdosethesideeffectwilloccurs()
A.Extreme
B.Therapeutic
C.Toxic
D.LD50
E.Minimaltoxic
32.下列哪种剂量会产生副作用()
A极量B治疗量C中毒量DLD50E最小中毒量
33.Thecharacteristicsofreceptorantagonistare()
A.Hasnoaffinitybuthasintrinsicactivity
B.Hasnoaffinityaswellasnointrinsicactivity
C.Hasaffinitybuthasnointrinsicactivity
D.Hasaffinityaswellasintrinsicactivity
E.NoneofA,B,CandD
34.阻断药的特点是()
A对受体无亲和力,但有内在活性B对受体无亲和力,也无内在活性
C对受体有亲和力,但无内在活性D对受体有亲和力,也有内在活性
E以上均不对
35.Thecharacteristicsofcompetitiveantagonistare()
A.Strongaffinityandintrinsicactivity
B.Strongaffinityandweakintrinsicactivity
C.Notrelevantwithaffinityandintrinsicactivity
D.Strongaffinityandnointrinsicactivity,irreversiblecombinationwithreceptor
E.Strongaffinityandnointrinsicactivity,competitionforthesamereceptorwithagonist
36.竞争性桔抗剂()
A亲和力及内在活性都强B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱
C与亲和力和内在活性无关D有亲和力,无内在活性,与受体不可逆性结合
E有亲和力,无内在活性,与激动剂竞争相同受体
37.Thecharacteristicsofnoncompetitiveantagonistare()
A.Strongaffinityandintrinsicactivity
B.Strongaffinityandweakintrinsicactivity
C.Notrelevantwithaffinityandintrinsicactivity
D.Strongaffinityandnointrinsicactivity,irreversiblecombinationwithreceptor
E.Strongaffinityandnointrinsicactivity,competitionforthesamereceptorwithagonist
38.非竞争性桔抗剂()
A亲和力及内在活性都强B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱
C与亲和力和内在活性无关D有亲和力,无内在活性,与受体不可逆性结合
E有亲和力,无内在活性,与激动剂竞争相同受体
39.Theactionmodeofdrug()
A.Local
B.Systemic
C.Direct
D.Indirect
E.AllofA,B,CandD
40.药物的作用方式是()
A局部作用 B全身作用 C直接作用 D间接作用 E以上全是
41.Therapeuticeffectandadverseeffectofdrugreferto()
A.Theselectivityofdrugaction
B.Dualismofdrugaction
C.Basicactionofdrug
D.Mechanismofdrugaction
E.Modeofdrugaction
42.治疗作用和不良反应是()
A药物作用的选择性B药物作用的两重性C药物的基本作用
D药物的作用机制E药物作用的方式
43.Whichonehasthegreatesttherapeuticindex()
A.drugA:
LD50=500mgED50=100mg
B.drugB:
LD50=500mgED50=25mg
C.drugC:
LD50=500mgED50=50mg
D.drugD:
LD50=50mgED50=5mg
E.drugE:
LD50=50mgED50=25mg
44.化疗指数最大的药物是()
AA药LD50=500mgED50=100mgBB药LD50=500mgED50=25mg
CC药LD50=500mgED50=50mgDD药LD50=50mgED50=5mg
EE药LD50=50mgED50=25mg
45.Whichorderiscorrectforthepotencyofthedrugsshowninthefollowingfigure()
A.A>B>C
B.A>C>B
C.B>A>C
D.B>C>A
E.C>B>A
46.图中所示甲乙丙三药,其效价强度比较为()
A甲>乙>丙
B甲>丙>乙
C乙>甲>丙
D乙>丙>甲
E丙>乙>甲
47.Toxicityofdrug()
A.Isnotrelevantwiththedose
B.Occursatthetherapeuticdose
C.Iscausedbyoverdose
D.Issecondarytothetherapeuticeffect
E.Isallergicreaction
48.毒性反应()
A与剂量无关B在治疗量下出现C因用药剂量过大或用药时间过长引起
D是治疗作用引起的不良后果E是药物引起的变态反应
49.Thephenomenonthattheeffectcanbereachedbyincreasingthedoseofdrugafterlongdurationis()
A.Drugresistance
B.Drugtolerance
C.Drugaddiction
D.Tachyphylaxis
E.Specificness
50.长期用药,需要增加剂量才能发挥疗效的现象,称之为()
A 耐药性 B 耐受性 C 成瘾性 D 快速耐受性 E 特异性
51.Thephenomenonthatthesensitivityofdrugtobacteriadecreasesorevendisappearsafterlongdurationis()
A.Drugresistance
B.Drugtolerance
C.Drugaddiction
D.Tachyphylaxis
E.Specificness
52.长期用药,病原菌对药物敏感性下降甚至失效的现象,称之为()
A 耐药性 B 耐受性 C 成瘾性 D 快速耐受性 E 特异性
53.WheredoesN1receptordistribute?
()
A.Ganglioncell
B.Myocardialcell
C.Vascularsmoothmusclecell
D.Gastrointestinalsmoothmusclecell
E.Skeletalmusclecell
54.N1受体主要位于()
A神经节细胞B心肌细胞C血管平滑肌细胞D胃肠平滑肌E骨骼肌细胞
55.Whatisthereceptorbyactivatingwhichthedilatationofbronchussmoothmuscleoccurs?
()
A.
B.1
C.1
D.2
E.M
56.兴奋时产生舒张支气管平滑肌效应的主要受体是()
A受体B1受体C1受体D2受体EM受体
57.Whichisthemaineffectproducedbyactivationof1receptor?
()
A.Dilatationofbronchussmoothmuscle
B.Increaseofcardiacmusclecontractionforce
C.Contractionofskeletalmuscle
D.Contractionofgastrointestinalmuscle
E.Increaseofsecretionofgland
58.下述哪种是1受体兴奋的主要效应()
A舒张支气管平滑肌B加强心肌收缩C骨骼肌收缩
D胃肠平滑肌收缩E腺体分泌
59.Therate-limitingenzymewhichcatalyzesthesynthesisofnoradrenalineis()
A.Cholinesterase
B.Cholineacetylase
C.Monoamineoxidase
D.Dopadecarboxylase
E.Tyrosinehydroxylase
60.去甲肾上腺素合成的限速酶是()
A胆碱酯酶B胆碱乙酰化酶C单胺氧化酶D多巴脱羧酶E酪氨酸羟化酶
61.Theenzymewhichcaninactivatethenoradrenalineis()
A.Monoamineoxidase
B.Cholinesterase
C.Thyroidperoxidase
D.Synthetaseofmucopeptide
E.Angiotensin-convertingenzyme
62.主要使去甲肾上腺素灭活的酶是()
A单胺氧化酶B胆碱酯酶C甲状腺过氧化物酶
D粘肽
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