初中英语泛读强化训练.docx
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初中英语泛读强化训练.docx
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初中英语泛读强化训练
强化训练复习第一部分
动词词形变化一览表:
(1)规则动词变化表:
规则变化原形动词结尾情况现在时单三人称现在分词过去式和过去分词
一般情况+s+ing+ed
s,x,ch,sh,o结尾+es+ing+ed
辅音字母+y结尾y→i,+es+ingy→i,+ed
重读闭音节一元一辅结尾+s双写辅音字母,+ing双写辅音字母,+ed
不发音的e结尾+s去掉e,+ing+die结尾+sie→y,+ing+d
不规则变化have→has;be→is(无)(见不规则动词变化表)
注意:
①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。
②s/es的读音规则:
在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z];在[s]、[F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后读[iz].
③ed的读音规则:
在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id].
(2)不规则动词变化表:
(原形→过去式→过去分词)
be(am,is)wasbeenloselostlost
be(are)werebeenmakemademade
beatbeatbeatenmaymight
becomebecamebecomemeanmeantmeant
beginbeganbegunmeetmetmet
blowblewblownmistakemistookmistaken
breakbrokebrokenmustmust
bringbroughtbroughtpaypaidpaid
buildbuiltbuiltputputput
buyboughtboughtreadreadRead
cancould rideroderidden
catchcaughtcaughtringrangrung
choosechosechosenriseroserisen
comecamecomerunranrun
costcostcostsaysaidsaid
cutcutcutseesawseen
digdugdugsellsoldsold
dodiddonesendsentsent
drawdrewdrawnsetsetset
drinkdrankdrunkshallshould
drivedrovedrivenshineshoneshone
eatateeatenshowshowedshown
fallfellfallenshutshutshut
feelfeltfeltsingsangsung
findfoundfoundsinksank/sunksunk/sunken
flyflewflownsitsetset
forgetforgotforgot/forgottensleepsleptslept
freezefrozefrozensmellsmeltsmelt
getgotgotspeakspokespoken
givegavegivenspendspentspent
gowentgonespillspiltspilt
growgrewgrownspoilspoiltspoilt
hanghung/hangedhung/hangedstandstoodstood
have(has)hadhadsweepsweptswept
hearheardheardswimswamswum
hidehidhiddentaketooktaken
hithithitteachtaughttaught
holdheldheldtelltoldtold
hurthurthurtthinkthoughtthought
keepkeptkeptthrowthrewthrown
knowknewknownunderstandunderstoodunderstood
laylaidlaidwakewoke/wakedwoken/waked
learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedwearworeworn
leaveleftleftwillwould
lendlentlentwinwonwon
letletletwritewrotewitten
lielaylain
强化训练复习第二部分
TEXTONE
MaintaininginternalE-mailsystemshaslongbeenthebaneoftheuniversityinformation-technologydirector.Serversareunwieldyandunreliable,andinthepastseveralyears,thenumberofstudentcomplaintshasgrownexponentiallyasforward-movingproviderslikeYahooMail,Hotmail,andGmailhaveincreasedexpectationsofwhatE-mailshouldoffer.ThesolutionforanumberofcollegeshasbeentowavethewhiteflagandoutsourceE-mailhostingtotheexperts.
Microsoft,whichownsHotmail,andGoogle(Gmail)arethebiggestplayersintheeducationalE-mailhostingmarket.Alongwiththeneat-operipheralgizmoslikemessaging,calendars,andcollaborationtools,theoutsourcedsystemsaremorestable,havebetterspamfilters,andprovidemuchmorestoragespacethanthetypicaluniversity'sin-housesystem.AttheUniversityofPennsylvania,itsoldE-mailservicegavestudents60megabytesofstorage,just3percentofthe2gigabytesWindowsLivenowprovides.Inreturn,GoogleandMicrosoftgetalmostnothing,atleastmonetarilyandintheshortterm.Microsoft'sWindowsLive@eduandtheGoogleAppsEducationEditionarefreeofchargeforschools.Eliminatinganothersourceofrevenue,thetwotechgiantsstrippedtheirrespectiveservicesofadvertisinginanefforttoaccommodateeducators'concerns.Microsoftbreaksevenontheventure(itdoesrunadsonnon-E-mailserviceslikeinstantmessaging),whileGoogle,whichmakesalmostallitsmoneythroughadvertising,runsataloss.
Butwhatmoneytheydon'tmakeatthemomentwill—thecompanieshope—paygreatdividendsintheformoflifelongusersinthefuture,saysGoogle'sJeffKelter.Asquicklyastheyshuffleoutofcommencement,graduatesseetheirE-mailtransitiontothetraditionalad-basedformatsofGmailandHotmail.Andunlikebefore,whenuniversitiescouldn'taffordtohostthousandsofalumni,GoogleandMicrosoftcanmaintaineveryaccountindefinitely,retainingcustomersaslongascustomersstillwantthem.
Notallschoolsarereadytooutsourcetheirtechdirtywork,withprivacyandsecuritytoppingthelistofconcerns.CriticsworrythatbyhandingovertheresponsibilityofE-mailhosting,collegesalsorelinquishthefreedomtokeeptheinformationsafeinthebestwaytheyseefit.Eveninthecorporateworld,thereisgreatskepticismofconsumertechnologieslikeGoogleApps.YetmostuniversityITmanagersagreethatoutsiderswoulddoabetterjobprotectingindividualE-mailfromvirusesandspamthantheirownsmalloperations,andstrongword-of-mouthpraisehasdonewonderstosupplementthealmostnonexistentmarketingbudgetsfortheseMicrosoftandGoogleprojects.
Thepricetag—orlackofone—isn'tabadsalespitcheither.RaminSedehi,thevicedeanforfinanceandadministrationatPenn,says30percentofPenn'sstudentsalreadyforwardtheirmessagestooutsideclients,andhepredictsuniversitieswilleventuallybeoutoftheE-mailhostingbusinessaltogether.BallStateUniversityandtheIndianaUniversityAlumniAssociationarenowonWindowsLive,andArizonaStateUniversityswitchedtoGoogleAppsinOctober2006,alreadyconvertingatleast40,000ofits65,000studentstothenewsystem.PennStateUniversityandCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversity,tonametwo,havebeenintalks,whileotherschoolsarewatchingandwaiting.
1.Thenumberofstudentcomplaintshasgrownexponentiallybecause_____
[A]theschoolserversareunwieldyandunreliable.
[B]theinformation-technologydirectorisnottheexpertinprovidingIT-relatedassistance.
[C]theinternalE-mailsystemsaremuchmorebackwardthanthosecommerciallysuccessfulemailsystems.
[D]therearenocollaborationtoolsintheinternalE-mailsystems.
2.MicrosoftandGoogledonotrunadsontheE-mailsystemsforschoolsbecause_____
[A]theywanttocatertotherequirementsoftheirclients.
[B]theyaresponsoredbyschoolsanddonotneedtherevenuefromads.
[C]theywanttobuildupauniquecommunitywithlife-longloyalty.
[D]theywanttomaintainthestabilityofthesystemsatthepresent.
3.Comparedwiththeuniversities,theadvantageofGooleandMicrosoftinhostingaccountsofalumniis_____
[A]thattheycanreserveeveryaccountwithminimumcharge.
[B]thattheycanretaineveryaccountatcustomers’wish.
[C]thattheycanmaintaineveryaccountaslongasthecustomerswant.
[D]thattheycankeepeveryaccountfrofreeinalongterm.
4.ThetwogiantspersistinprovidingtheE-mailservicesthoughtheyrunatalossbecause_____
[A]theybelievetheywillhavegoodreturnsfromthewould-belifelongusersinthefuture.
[B]itispartoftheirsocialcommitmenttoreturnthesocietythroughcontributingtoeducation.
[C]theirstrategyistomakeprofitthroughadvertisementtouniversityalumni.
[D]theywantthestudentstopropagandizefortheirprojects.
5.Theword“relinquish”(Line3,Paragraph4)mostprobablymeans_____
[A]lose.
[B]abandon.
[C]exchange.
[D]waste.
文章剖析:
这篇文章介绍了大学将自己的电邮系统外包给微软、谷歌等公司。
第一段讲述大学自己经营电邮系统的缺陷;第二段讲述外包电邮系统的优点;第三段讲述外包商的策略;第四段讲述外包存在的一些问题;第五段讲述目前大学电邮系统外包的情况。
词汇注释:
banen.祸害;害人精unwieldyadj.难操纵的,难控制的
exponentiallyadv.指数地,幂数地gizmon.小玩意儿,小发明
spamn.兜售信息[邮件,广告,新闻,文章]
dividendn.红利shuffleoutofv.笨拙地脱下
alumnin.毕业生,校友relinquishv.放弃
难句突破:
(1)Serversareunwieldyandunreliable,andinthepastseveralyears,thenumberofstudentcomplaintshasgrownexponentiallyasforward-movingproviderslikeYahooMail,Hotmail,andGmailhaveincreasedexpectationsofwhatE-mailshouldoffer.
[主体句式]Seversare…,andthenumberhasgrown…
[结构分析]这是一个并列句,后面分句结构比较复杂;该分句是带有as引导的原因状语从句的复杂句,前面inthepastseveralyears是状语。
[句子译文]在过去的几年中,学生抱怨的数量呈指数增长,而不断进步的供应商如雅虎邮件、Hotmail、Gmail更多考虑电子邮件能提供什么服务。
(2)YetmostuniversityITmanagersagreethatoutsiderswoulddoabetterjobprotectingindividualE-mailfromvirusesandspamthantheirownsmalloperations,andstrongword-of-mouthpraisehasdonewonderstosupplementthealmostnonexistentmarketingbudgetsfortheseMicrosoftandGoogleprojects.
[主体句式]MostuniversityITmanagersagreethat…andpraisehasdone…
[结构分析]这是一个并列句。
前面的分句以that引导的宾语从句中,protecting…是现在分词结构作前面job的定语;后面的分句to引导的是目的状语。
[句子分析]但是大多大学IT负责人认为比起他们自己的小型程序,外包可以更好地保护个人邮件免受病毒和广告的侵扰,而学生们对这些系统的口头赞扬已经为微软和谷歌的项目补充了那些几乎不存在的市场预算。
题目分析:
1.Thenumberofstudentcomplaintshasgrownexponentiallybecause_____1.学生抱怨的数量急剧增加是因为__
[A]theschoolserversareunwieldyandunreliable.[A]学校的服务器难控制、不稳定。
[B]theinformation-technologydirectorisnottheexpertinprovidingIT-relatedassistance.[B]信息技术主任不是能够提供IT相关帮助的专家。
[C]theinternalE-mailsystemsaremuchmorebackwardthanthosecommerciallysuccessfulemailsystems.[C]内部电邮系统与那些商业上非常成功邮件系统相比要落后得多。
[D]therearenocollaborationtoolsintheinternalE-mailsystems.[D]内部电邮系统没有协作工具。
[答案]C
[难度分析]☆☆☆
[分析]推理题。
文章第一段提到随着不断进步的供应商如雅虎邮件、Hotmail、Gmail不断更新电邮的服务项目,学生的抱怨越来越多,可以看出,学生抱怨数量的增多是因为相对于学校之外那些商业上非常成功的电邮系统,内部电邮系统跟不上进步。
因此,选项C最为符合题意。
A选项也有一定道理,但是不如C选项概括精确。
B和D选项很显然不是主要的原因。
2.MicrosoftandGoogledonotrunadsontheE-mailsystemsforschoolsbecause_____2.微软和谷歌提供给学校的电邮系统上没有广告是因为_____
[A]theywanttocatertotherequirementsoftheirclients.[A]他们想迎合客户的要求。
[B]theyaresponsoredbyschoolsanddonotneedtherevenuefromads.[B]他们得到了学校提供的资金,因此没有必要从广告中赚取收入。
[C]theywanttobuildupauniquecommunitywithlife-longloyalty.[C]他们想要建立一个特别的社区,使人们对他们一生都忠诚地使用他们的系统。
[D]theywanttomaintainthestabilityofthesystemsatthepresent.[D]他们在目前想要维护该系统的稳定。
[答案]A
[难度分析]☆☆☆☆
[分析]细节题。
文章在第二段提到这两大巨头将各自的广告项目都从该系统移除了,这是为了照顾教育家们的担忧,那么可以推断,是因为教育家担忧学校系统有广告会影响教育,因此两个公司才有这样的举措,所以他们主要是为了迎合客户的需求。
因此选项中A最为符合题意
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