1、初中英语泛读强化训练强化训练复习第一部分动词词形变化一览表：(1)规则动词变化表：规则变化 原形动词结尾情况 现在时单三人称 现 在 分 词 过去式和过去分词一般情况 +s +ing +eds,x,ch,sh,o结尾 +es +ing +ed辅音字母+y结尾 yi,+es +ing yi,+ed重读闭音节一元一辅结尾 +s 双写辅音字母,+ing 双写辅音字母,+ed不发音的e结尾 +s 去掉e,+ing +d ie结尾 +s iey,+ing +d不规则变化 havehas；beis (无) (见不规则动词变化表)注意：在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写
2、。s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读s；在浊辅音后和元音后读z；在 s 、 F、z、tF、dV后读iz.ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读t；在浊辅音后和元音后读d；在t、d后读id.(2)不规则动词变化表：( 原形 过去式 过去分词)be(am,is) was been lose lost lostbe(are) were been make made madebeat beat beaten may might become became become mean meant meantbegin began begun meet met metblow blew blown mistake mis
3、took mistakenbreak broke broken must must bring brought brought pay paid paidbuild built built put put putbuy bought bought read read Readcan could ride rode riddencatch caught caught ring rang rungchoose chose chosen rise rose risencome came come run ran runcost cost cost say said saidcut cut cut s
4、ee saw seendig dug dug sell sold solddo did done send sent sentdraw drew drawn set set setdrink drank drunk shall should drive drove driven shine shone shoneeat ate eaten show showed shownfall fell fallen shut shut shutfeel felt felt sing sang sungfind found found sink sank/sunk sunk/sunkenfly flew
5、flown sit set setforget forgot forgot/forgotten sleep slept sleptfreeze froze frozen smell smelt smeltget got got speak spoke spokengive gave given spend spent spentgo went gone spill spilt spiltgrow grew grown spoil spoilt spoilthang hung/hanged hung/hanged stand stood stoodhave(has) had had sweep
6、swept swepthear heard heard swim swam swumhide hid hidden take took takenhit hit hit teach taught taughthold held held tell told toldhurt hurt hurt think thought thoughtkeep kept kept throw threw thrownknow knew known understand understood understoodlay laid laid wake woke/waked woken/wakedlearn lea
7、rnt/learned learnt/learned wear wore wornleave left left will would lend lent lent win won wonlet let let write wrote wittenlie lay lain 强化训练复习第二部分TEXT ONEMaintaining internal E-mail systems has long been the bane of the university information-technology director. Servers are unwieldy and unreliable
8、, and in the past several years, the number of student complaints has grown exponentially as forward-moving providers like YahooMail, Hotmail, and Gmail have increased expectations of what E-mail should offer. The solution for a number of colleges has been to wave the white flag and outsource E-mail
9、 hosting to the experts.Microsoft, which owns Hotmail, and Google (Gmail) are the biggest players in the educational E-mail hosting market. Along with the neat-o peripheral gizmos like messaging, calendars, and collaboration tools, the outsourced systems are more stable, have better spam filters, an
10、d provide much more storage space than the typical universitys in-house system. At the University of Pennsylvania, its old E-mail service gave students 60 megabytes of storage, just 3 percent of the 2 gigabytes Windows Live now provides. In return, Google and Microsoft get almost nothing, at least m
11、onetarily and in the short term. Microsofts Windows Live edu and the Google Apps Education Edition are free of charge for schools. Eliminating another source of revenue, the two tech giants stripped their respective services of advertising in an effort to accommodate educators concerns. Microsoft br
12、eaks even on the venture (it does run ads on non-E-mail services like instant messaging), while Google, which makes almost all its money through advertising, runs at a loss.But what money they dont make at the moment willthe companies hopepay great dividends in the form of lifelong users in the futu
13、re, says Googles Jeff Kelter. As quickly as they shuffle out of commencement, graduates see their E-mail transition to the traditional ad-based formats of Gmail and Hotmail. And unlike before, when universities couldnt afford to host thousands of alumni, Google and Microsoft can maintain every accou
14、nt indefinitely, retaining customers as long as customers still want them.Not all schools are ready to outsource their tech dirty work, with privacy and security topping the list of concerns. Critics worry that by handing over the responsibility of E-mail hosting, colleges also relinquish the freedo
15、m to keep the information safe in the best way they see fit. Even in the corporate world, there is great skepticism of consumer technologies like Google Apps. Yet most university IT managers agree that outsiders would do a better job protecting individual E-mail from viruses and spam than their own
16、small operations, and strong word-of-mouth praise has done wonders to supplement the almost nonexistent marketing budgets for these Microsoft and Google projects.The price tagor lack of oneisnt a bad sales pitch either. Ramin Sedehi, the vice dean for finance and administration at Penn, says 30 perc
17、ent of Penns students already forward their messages to outside clients, and he predicts universities will eventually be out of the E-mail hosting business altogether. Ball State University and the Indiana University Alumni Association are now on Windows Live, and Arizona State University switched t
18、o Google Apps in October 2006, already converting at least 40,000 of its 65,000 students to the new system. Penn State University and California Polytechnic State University, to name two, have been in talks, while other schools are watching and waiting. 1. The number of student complaints has grown
19、exponentially because_A the school servers are unwieldy and unreliable.B the information-technology director is not the expert in providing IT-related assistance.C the internal E-mail systems are much more backward than those commercially successful email systems.D there are no collaboration tools i
20、n the internal E-mail systems.2. Microsoft and Google do not run ads on the E-mail systems for schools because_A they want to cater to the requirements of their clients. B they are sponsored by schools and do not need the revenue from ads.C they want to build up a unique community with life-long loy
21、alty.D they want to maintain the stability of the systems at the present.3. Compared with the universities, the advantage of Goole and Microsoft in hosting accounts of alumni is _A that they can reserve every account with minimum charge.B that they can retain every account at customers wish.C that t
22、hey can maintain every account as long as the customers want.D that they can keep every account fro free in a long term.4. The two giants persist in providing the E-mail services though they run at a loss because_A they believe they will have good returns from the would-be lifelong users in the futu
23、re.B it is part of their social commitment to return the society through contributing to education. C their strategy is to make profit through advertisement to university alumni. D they want the students to propagandize for their projects.5. The word “relinquish” (Line 3, Paragraph 4)most probably m
24、eans_ A lose.B abandon.C exchange.Dwaste. 文章剖析：这篇文章介绍了大学将自己的电邮系统外包给微软、谷歌等公司。第一段讲述大学自己经营电邮系统的缺陷；第二段讲述外包电邮系统的优点；第三段讲述外包商的策略；第四段讲述外包存在的一些问题；第五段讲述目前大学电邮系统外包的情况。词汇注释: bane n. 祸害；害人精 unwieldy adj. 难操纵的, 难控制的exponentially adv. 指数地，幂数地 gizmo n. 小玩意儿，小发明spam n. 兜售信息邮件，广告，新闻，文章 dividend n. 红利 shuffle out of v
25、. 笨拙地脱下alumni n. 毕业生, 校友 relinquish v.放弃难句突破：(1) Servers are unwieldy and unreliable, and in the past several years, the number of student complaints has grown exponentially as forward-moving providers like YahooMail, Hotmail, and Gmail have increased expectations of what E-mail should offer.主体句式 Se
26、vers are, and the number has grown结构分析 这是一个并列句，后面分句结构比较复杂；该分句是带有as引导的原因状语从句的复杂句，前面in the past several years是状语。句子译文在过去的几年中，学生抱怨的数量呈指数增长，而不断进步的供应商如雅虎邮件、Hotmail、Gmail更多考虑电子邮件能提供什么服务。(2) Yet most university IT managers agree that outsiders would do a better job protecting individual E-mail from viruses
27、 and spam than their own small operations, and strong word-of-mouth praise has done wonders to supplement the almost nonexistent marketing budgets for these Microsoft and Google projects.主体句式 Most university IT managers agree that and praise has done 结构分析 这是一个并列句。前面的分句以that引导的宾语从句中，protecting 是现在分词结
28、构作前面job的定语；后面的分句to引导的是目的状语。句子分析 但是大多大学IT负责人认为比起他们自己的小型程序，外包可以更好地保护个人邮件免受病毒和广告的侵扰，而学生们对这些系统的口头赞扬已经为微软和谷歌的项目补充了那些几乎不存在的市场预算。题目分析: 1. The number of student complaints has grown exponentially because_ 1. 学生抱怨的数量急剧增加是因为A the school servers are unwieldy and unreliable. A 学校的服务器难控制、不稳定。B the information-te
29、chnology director is not the expert in providing IT-related assistance. B 信息技术主任不是能够提供IT相关帮助的专家。C the internal E-mail systems are much more backward than those commercially successful email systems. C 内部电邮系统与那些商业上非常成功邮件系统相比要落后得多。D there are no collaboration tools in the internal E-mail systems. D 内部
30、电邮系统没有协作工具。答案C难度分析 分析 推理题。文章第一段提到随着不断进步的供应商如雅虎邮件、Hotmail、Gmail不断更新电邮的服务项目，学生的抱怨越来越多，可以看出，学生抱怨数量的增多是因为相对于学校之外那些商业上非常成功的电邮系统，内部电邮系统跟不上进步。因此，选项C最为符合题意。A选项也有一定道理，但是不如C选项概括精确。B和D选项很显然不是主要的原因。2. Microsoft and Google do not run ads on the E-mail systems for schools because_ 2. 微软和谷歌提供给学校的电邮系统上没有广告是因为_A the
31、y want to cater to the requirements of their clients. A 他们想迎合客户的要求。B they are sponsored by schools and do not need the revenue from ads. B 他们得到了学校提供的资金，因此没有必要从广告中赚取收入。C they want to build up a unique community with life-long loyalty. C 他们想要建立一个特别的社区，使人们对他们一生都忠诚地使用他们的系统。D they want to maintain the stability of the systems at the present. D 他们在目前想要维护该系统的稳定。答案 A难度分析 分析 细节题。文章在第二段提到这两大巨头将各自的广告项目都从该系统移除了，这是为了照顾教育家们的担忧，那么可以推断，是因为教育家担忧学校系统有广告会影响教育，因此两个公司才有这样的举措，所以他们主要是为了迎合客户的需求。因此选项中A最为符合题意
