综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文.docx
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综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文.docx
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综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文
2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第1篇
ReinventingtheTable[综合类职称英语教材]
Anearthscientisthasrejiggedtheperiodictable1tomakechemistrysimplertoteachtostudents.
1ButBruceRailsbackfromtheUniversityofGeorgia3saysheisthefirsttocreateatablethatbreakswithtraditionandshowstheionsofeachelementratherthanjusttheelementsthemselves.
“Igottiredofbreakingmyarmstryingtoexplaintheperiodictabletoearthstudents,”hesays,criss-crossinghishandsintheairandpointingtodifferentbitsofatraditionaltable.2Buthehasaddedcontourlinestochargedensity,helpingtoexplainwhichionsreactwithwhich.
“Geochemistsjustwantanintuitivesenseofwhat’sgoingonwiththeelements,”saysAlbertGalyfromtheUniversityofCambridge4.3
4Heexplainsthatsulphur,forexample,showsupinthreedifferentspots—oneforsulphide,whichisfoundinminerals,oneforsulphite,andoneforsulphate,whichisfoundinseasalt,forinstance.
Hehasalsoincludedsymbolstoshowwhichionsarenutrients,andwhicharecommoninsoilorwater.5.
词汇:
resignn.调整,重新安排
criss-crossvt.交叉
geochemistn.地球化学家
sulphiden.硫化物
sulphaten.硫酸盐
ionn.离子
protonn.质子
sulphurn.硫磺
sulphiten.亚硫酸盐
nutrientn.滋养物
注释:
1.theperiodictable:
元素周期表
2.Mendeleev:
门捷列夫
3.theUniversityofGeorgia:
乔治亚大学
4.theUniversityofCambridge:
剑桥大学
练习:
A.TherehavebeenmanyattemptstoredesigntheperiodictablesinceDmitriMendeleev2drewitupin1871.
B.Railsbackhasstillorderedtheelementsaccordingtothenumberofprotonstheyhave.
C.“Iimaginethiswouldbegoodforundergraduates.”
D.Railsbackhaslistedsomeelementsmorethanonce.
E.Andthesizeofelement’ssymbolreflectshowmuchofitisfoundintheEarth’scrust.
F.Thetraditionalperiodictablewaswelldrawn.
答案:
1.A2.B3.C4.D5.
2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第2篇
TheMagicofSound[综合类职称英语教材]
Musicisoneofthemostbeautifulformsofartisticexpressionseverinvented.Inmoviesandplays,musichasanaddedfunction1:
itnotonlymovespeoplebutalsocanshockpeople.Isittruethatanordinarymusicalinstrumentcanbesopowerful?
Oureardrumscanwithstandsoundwithin20to80decibels.Oncesoundexceedsthislimit2,evenbeautifulmusicwillbecomeear-splittingnoise3andharmhealth.Astrongblastofhighsoundcantwistandbreakasolidironsheet. 1
Thenoisefromaplane’sengineisover140decibels.However,thesoundofafluteisatmostafewdecibels. 2 Ithasbeenproventhatpeoplewhohaveworkedinanenvironmentwithahighsoundintensityforalongtimesuffervaryingdegreesofheartdiseaseoralteredbrainwaves.
Inmovies,sometimestheherocanproduceasoundthatordinarypeoplecan’thearandonlythosewhohavethesameabilitycanfeel.Innature,thereisactuallysoundthatisbeyondourhearing.Inphysics,thesoundthatexceeds20,000Hziscalledultrasonic. 3 Itdoesnoharmtohealth.
Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonicwaves.Whenwemove,theairwillvibrate. 4 Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople’sinternalorgans4,infrasonicwavemaycauseresonanceinhumanbodies.Asaresult,people’svisionmayweakenandinternalorgansmayrupture.However,whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity5.Ifitsintensityisverylow,itwon’tdamageinternalorgansoraperson’shealth. 5 Whenwindblowsataforceof3or4overthesea6,itwillproduceinfrasonicwavesofseveraldecibels.Onlytyphoonscanproduceinfrasonicwavesofover100decibels.Atpresent,scientistscanonlyproduceinfrasonicweaponsinthelabwiththehelpofadvancedscientifictoolsandpowerfulelectricpower.
词汇:
eardrumn.耳膜
infrasonicadj.次声(波)的
twistv.使卷曲,使扭曲
fluten.长笛
Hz=hertzn.赫兹
ultrasonicadj.超声波的n.超声波
withstandv.抵挡,经受住
decibeln.分贝
resonancen.共振
rupturen.破裂v.(使)破裂
typhoonn.台风
注释:
1. anaddedfunction:
另加的一种功能
2. Oncesoundexceedsthislimit:
一旦声音超过了这个界限。
once是时间状语从句的连词。
如:
Onceyouhavelearnedhowtoswim,youwilllovethissport.一旦你学会了游泳,你会爱上这一运动的。
3. ear-splittingnoise:
震耳欲聋的噪音
4. Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatofpeople’sinternalorgans:
由于次声波的频率接近于人体内部器官的频率。
that指代前面的frequency。
5. However,whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity:
但是,次声波能否用作武器取决于次声波的强度。
whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapon是从句,用作句子的主语。
6.Whenwindblowsataforceof3or4overthesea:
当海面上吹起3—4级风的时候
练习:
AHighsoundof150decibelscankillahealthyrat.
BThevibrationofaircanproduceinfrasonicwaves.
CWecannotplayhigh-pitchedmusic
withordinarymusicalinstruments.
DIftheintensityofinfrasonicwaveexceeds160decibels,itisextremelyharmful.
EDolphins,whalesandbatscanmakesuchhigh-frequencysound.
FTherefore,thesoundofordinarymusicalinstrumentscannotharmyourhealth.
答案:
1.A2.F3.E4.B5.D
2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第3篇
TimeintheAnimalWorld[综合类职称英语教材]
RhythmcontrolseverythinginNature. 1
Thesunprovidesabasictimerhythmforalllivingcreaturesincludinghumans.Nearlyallanimalsareinfluencedbysuncyclesandhavedevelopedabiologicalclockintheirbodiesfollowingthesecycles.Themoonalsoexertsitsforceandinfluenceonthesea.Itsgravitationalattractioncausestherisingofthetide.
2 WhenthemoonisbehindtheEarth,centrifugalforcecausesthesecondtideoftheday.
Animalslivingintidalareasmusthavetheinstinctofpredictingthesechanges,toavoidbeingstrandedanddyingofdehydration.Sincethetimeofthedinosaurs,thekingcrabhasbeenlayingeggs1attheseasideinasetway2.Toavoidpredatorfish3,theeggsarealwaysfarfromseawaterandprotectedbysand.Inthefollowingtwomonths,theeggsundergodramaticchangesrelatedtothecyclesofthemoon4.Whenthesecondspringtidecomes,theyoungkingcrabshavematured. 3
Mostofthemammals,eitherthegiantelephantorthesmallshrew,havethesameaveragetotalnumberofheartbeatsintheirlifetime.Shrewsliveonlyfortwoandahalfyears,andspendtheirlifeatahighspeedandhightempo.Animalslikeshrewswithapulserateof600perminutehaveanaveragetotalofeighthundredmillionheartbeats5throughouttheirlife.TheAfricanelephanthasapulserateof25beatsperminute,andalifespan6of60years.Thesizeofthebodydeterminesthespeedoflife. 4
Aswegetolder,oursenseoftimeisbeinginfluencedbythephysiologicalchangesofourbody.Theelderlyspendmoretimeresting,anddofewsports. 5 Forachild,aweekisseenasalongtime.
词汇:
rhythmn.节奏
slapv.拍击
exertv.施加
gravitationaladj.重力作用的
centrifugaladj.离心力的
strandv.使搁浅
dehydrationn.脱水
dinosaurn.恐龙
kingcrabn.鲎
predatorn.食肉动物
shrewn.鼩鼱
tempon.节奏,速度
pulsen.脉搏
spann.跨度
physiologicaladj.生理的
注释:
1.layingeggs:
产卵
2.inasetway:
以一种固有的方式
3.Predatorfish:
食肉鱼
4.Undergodramaticchangesrelatedtothecyclesofthemoon:
经受与月亮周期有关的巨大变化。
relatedtothecyclesofthemoon是过去分词短语,作后置定语,修饰changes。
5.Eighthundredmillionheartbeats:
8亿次心跳
6.lifespan:
一生
练习:
AForanadult,timegoesfastyearbyyear.
BItcontrols,forexample,theflappingofbirds’wings,thebeatingoftheheartandtherisingandsettingofthesun.
CThelargertheanimalis,thelongeritslifespanisandthesloweritslifetempois.
DThetidegoesoutwhenthemoodmovesawayanditsattractionisweaker.
EWealwaystendtothinka11theanimalshavethesamesenseoftimeashumanbeings.
FThesecondspringtidetakesthembacktothesea.
答案:
1.B2.D3.F4.C5.A
2011年综合类职称英语辅导教材补全短文第4篇
TeamworkinTourism[综合类职称英语教材]
Growingcooperationamongbranchesoftourismhasprovedvaluabletoallconcerned1.Governmentbureaus,tradeandtravelassociations,carriersandproperties2areallworkingtogethertobringaboutoptimum3conditionsfortravelers.
1Theyhaveknowledgeofallareasandallcarrierservices,andtheyareexpertsinorganizingdifferenttypesoftoursandinpreparingeffectiveadvertisingcampaigns.Theydistributematerialstoagencies,suchasjournals,brochures4andadvertisingprojects.2
Touristcounselorsgivevaluableseminars5toacquaintagentswithnewprogramsandtechniquesinselling.3
Propertiesandagenciesworkcloselytogethertomakethemostsuitablecontracts,consideringboththecomfortoftheclientsandtheirownprofitablefinancialarrangement.4
5Carriersaredependentuponagenciestosupplypassengers,andagenciesaredependentuponcarrierstopresentthemwithmarketabletours.Allservicesmustworktogetherforgreaterefficiency,fairpricingandcontentedcustomers.
词汇:
bureaun.局,部门sponsorv.发起,赞助
agencyn.(旅行)社acquaintv.使熟悉
Car-rentaln.汽车租赁purchasen.购买
contentedadj.满意的
注释:
1.concerned:
concerned一词作定语时常常放在所修饰的词或短语的后面,表示“有关的”。
例如:
Everyoneconcernedmustsigntheirnameshere.
2.carriersandproperties:
指运输公司和房地产公司。
3.optimum:
形容词,意为“最佳的”。
又如:
anoptimumtemperatureforthiskindofflower:
适合这种花生长的最佳温度
4.brochure:
指具有宣传性质的小册子
5.seminar:
研讨会
6.conversely:
相反地,反过来说。
又如:
Theteachergavethestudentsknowledge,andconversely,thestudentsofferedtheteachertheirwarmestgratitude.
练习:
AThesameconfidenceexistsbetweenagenciesandcarriers,includingcar-rentalandsight-seeingservices.
BTheyofferfamiliarizationandworkshoptourssothatinashorttimeagentscanobtainfirst-handknowledgeofthetours.
CTraveloperators,specialistsinthefieldofplanning,sponsorextensiveresearchprograms.
DAsaresultofteamwork,tourismisflouringinallcountries.
EAgenciesrelyuponthegoodservicesofhotels,and,conversely6,hotelsrelyuponagencies,
tofulfilltheircontractsandtosendthemclients.
FInthiswayagentslearntoexplaindestinationsandtosuggestdifferentmodesandcombinationsoftravel—planes,ships,trains,motorcoaches
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