九江市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案Word文档格式.docx
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九江市最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案Word文档格式.docx
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3hours
MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.
WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour
3hours(7miles)
JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.
(1)Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?
A.
B.
WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.
C.
D.
WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.
(2)WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?
Meetfamouspeople.
Gotoanationalpark.
Visitwell-knownmuseums.
Enjoyinterestingstories.
(3)Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?
Citymaps.
Cameras
Meals.
Safetylights.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)D
【解析】【分析】短文大意:
本文介绍了四个有特色的华盛顿特区自行车之旅。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第一段中的"
Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!
可知,华盛顿的樱花自行车之旅需要在樱花消失之前预定好位置,故选A。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段中的"
KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks."
可知,在首都自行车之旅中可以听到导游讲的有关总统、国会、纪念碑等有趣的故事,故选D。
(3)细节理解题。
根据第四段中的Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights可知,夜间自行车之旅配备反光背心和安全灯,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
涉及细节理解题,要注意仔细阅读从文中寻找答案。
2.阅读理解
EngineersinUpstateNewYorkhaveinventedafoldedpaperdevicethatlookslikeadecoratedartproject.Butdon'
tbefooled.Thisisactuallyapaper-basedbattery.No,itdoesn'
tlooklikeanyofthosemetalbatteriesrunningflashlightsorsmartphones.Inthesesystems,thebatterycanbeprintedonapage.Thebattery'
spowerconsistsoflivingbacteria.
Paperelectronicsaresimpletomakeandinexpensive,notesstudyleaderSeokheunChoi,anengineeratBinghamtonUniversity.Theyneednoelectricaloutlettorecharge.Theyjustneedmorebacteria,whichcanbefoundeverywhere—includingdirtywater.
"
Mostbatteriesusechemicalstogenerateelectricity.Substitutingbacteriacanbeanadvantage,"
Choisays."
Theyarecheapandself-repairing."
Whatpaper-basedbatterieswon'
tdoisgeneratemuchpower.Theydo,howevercreateenoughtorunsmalldevicesinfarawayordangerousplaces—suchasabattlefield.Theymightalsofinduseinmedicine.Forinstance,theymightpowertinysensors,suchasthetypesusedtomeasurebloodsugar.
Thisinventionisbasedonanobservationmademorethanacenturyago—thatmicrobes(微生物)produceelectricityastheydigestfood.Scientistsrefertothebio-batteriesbasedonthisprincipleasmicrobialfuelcells.Afuelcellgenerateselectricitylikearegularbattery.Butaregularbatterystopsproducingelectricitywhenitsinnerchemicalreactionsstop.Afuelcellusesfuelthatcanberefilled.Inthiscase,bacteriaserveasthefuel.Byrefillingmoremicrobes,asneeded,scientistscankeepthesefuelcellsrunning.
Labtestshaveshownthatthenewbatterycanproduceacurrent.Now,Choiandhisteamarelookingatwaystoincreasethepower.They'
restudyingdifferentshapesandmaterialsfortheanodeandcathode(正负极).They'
realsolookingforthebestwaystocombinebatteriesformorepower.Thebeautyofthepaperdevicesisthatyoucansimplyfoldthemtoconnectthem.Andtheysurelywillbeatrendinthenearfuture.
(1)Whatmakesthepaper-basedbatteriesdifferentfromotherbatteries?
Theyaremainlyusedtorunsmartphones.
Theyusebacteriatogenerateelectricity.
Theyareusedtodecoratesmalldevices.
Theytakeamuchshortertimetorecharge.
(2)Whatcanthepaper-basedbatteriesdo?
Powertinydevices.
Lowerbloodsugarlevels.
Producemuchelectricity.
Changechemicalsinthepaper.
(3)Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?
Theapplicationofthenewbattery.
Thecharacteristicsofthepaperbatteries.
Theintentiontoinventthedevice.
Theworkingprincipleoftheinvention.
(4)Whatistheauthor'
sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofthepaper-basedbatteries?
A.Defensive.
B.Optimistic.
C.Doubtful.
D.Ambiguous.
【答案】
(1)B
(3)D
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了纸基电池的原理,这种电池可以通过微生物进行充电,同时,该电池也可以运用在医学方面,如测试血糖等。
研发团队则在寻找能使该电池储存更多电量的方法。
该电池最大的优势是可以随时随地折叠起来带走。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"
Theyneednoelectricaloutlettorecharge.Theyjustneedmorebacteria,whichcanbefoundeverywhere—includingdirtywater."
这种电池是不需要外接发电设备进行充电的,只需要细菌就可以充电了,这是该电池与传统电池的不同之处。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
Whatpaper-basedbatterieswon'
tdoisgeneratemuchpower.Theydo,howevercreateenoughtorunsmalldevicesinfarawayordangerousplaces"
纸基电池不会储存很多的电量,但这些电量还是能远程支持一些小型设备或运用在一些危险的地方,A项符合题意,故选A。
(3)考查主旨大意。
根据第四段中的"
Thisinventionisbasedonanobservationmademorethanacenturyago—thatmicrobes(微生物)produceelectricityastheydigestfood"
,这项发明是基于百年前的一项观察,即微生物在消化食物的时候会产生电量。
因此,科学家们"
Scientistsrefertothebio-batteriesbasedonthisprincipleasmicrobialfuelcells"
根据这一原理将生物电池成为微生物燃料电池。
由此可知,第四段介绍了生物电池的工作原理,故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的"
Thebeautyofthepaperdevicesisthatyoucansimplyfoldthemtoconnectthem"
该电池的优点是,人们可以简单地通过折叠来连接它们。
作者用到beauty"
优点"
一词来说明该设备,说明作者对于该设备持一种积极的态度。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Fromquietpathsbyastreaminaforesttobusyroadsrunningthroughacity,peoplehavecreatedvariousformsofroutesindifferentplaces.Thesenowexistallaroundus,andtheiruseisimperativeforsocieties.Theserouteshaveenabledpeopletomove,transportthings,andsendinformationfromoneplacetoanotherquicklyandsafely.Throughouthistory,theyhavebeenimportantinourdailylives.
Earlyrouteswereoftenformednaturallyonland.Theygraduallydevelopedoverlongperiodsoftimewhilepeopletraveledthemonfootorhorseback.Asignificantturningpointintheirhistoryarrivedwhenthefirstwheeledcartsappearedinancienttimes.Oncethishappened,peoplerecognizedtheimportanceofwell-maintainedroutes.Therefore,towns,cities,andentirecountriesimprovedthem.Asaresult,lifebecamemoreconvenient,communitiesgrew,economiesevolved,andculturesexpanded.
Peoplehaveestablishedroutesonwater,too.Riversandcanalshaveservedaseffectiveroutesforpeopletomovearoundandcarrythings.Forinstance,intheold,JapanesecityofEdo,waterrouteswereusedforthetransportationofagriculturalproducts,seafood,andwood.Peoplehavealsoopenedroutesacrossthesea.Theseawayswerecriticalforthenavigationofships,particularlyinthedayswhentheymovedmainlybywindpower.Usingthesesearoutes,peoplecouldtravelgreatdistances,andgotoplacestheyhadnotpreviouslybeenabletoreach.
Peoplehavegoneontoopenroutesintheskyaswell.Sincetheinventionoftheairplane,theyhavemadeitpossibletotravellongdistanceseasily.Eventually,peoplebecameabletotravelsafelyandcomfortablyhighinthesky,andgoingvastdistancesonlytookasmallamountoftime.
Today,wehaveanewtypeofroute,theInternet.Byusingthisworldwideroute,peoplecaneasilyobtaininformationthatoncewasavailablemainlyfrombooksandface-to-facecommunication.Theycanalsoinstantlysendmessagestolargenumbersofpeopleallatonce.
Aslongastherehavebeenpeople,therehavebeenroutestoconnectthem.Currentlyunknownrouteswillsurelytakeusevenfurtherinthefuture.
(1)Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedwordimperativeinparagraph1?
A.accidental
B.industrial
C.essential
D.traditional
(2)WhyistheexampleofEdointroducedinparagraph3?
A.Todescribethedifficultyofcreatingroutesonthewater.
B.Toemphasizethefactthatitwasanimportantcity.
C.Toexplaintheuseofwaterroutestomovealongthecoastlines.
D.Toillustratetheimportantrolesofwaterroutesforcities.
(3)Whatdoesparagraph5tellusaboutroutes?
A.Routescanbethoughtofasexistinginvisiblyintheworld.
B.Routesthatmoveinformationcanberegardedasdangerous.
C.Thefundamentalfunctionsofroutesaredeclining.
D.Theimport
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