大学英语2Reading list文章.docx
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大学英语2Reading list文章.docx
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大学英语2Readinglist文章
Passage1
10BusinessesThatWillBoomin2020
Tozeroinonfieldswithplentyofjobsandgoodpay,startplanningnow.
1.It'shardtopredictthefuture,especiallyifyou'restillstrugglingtofigureoutwhat'shappeningintoday'seconomy.Butpredictingthefutureisexactlywhatyouneedtodoifyou'reenrollingincollege,startingafreshcareer,orinvestinginnewskills.
2.Thepaceofchangeinthebusinessworldisfasterthaneverthesedays,thankslargelytoglobalizationanddigitaltechnology.Onewaytozeroinonfieldsthatwillbehotinthefutureistostayawayfromthosethatarenot.Thegovernment'sBureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)publishesanannuallistofdecliningindustriesthatfollowafewcommontrends.Theytendtoinvolveworkthatcanbedonemorecheaplyoverseas,suchaslow-skillassembly-linework,ortechnologythat'srapidlyreplacinghumanworkers,asincallcenters.Fieldsvulnerabletocost-cuttinganddownsizing—suchasgovernment—arevulnerabletoo.
3.Employersthemselvessometimesprovideusefulhintsaboutthekindsofskillstheywant.InthelatestannualsurveyfortheNationalAssociationofCollegesandEmployers,companiesplanningtohireweremostinterestedingradswhohadmajoredinengineering,business,accounting,computerscience,oreconomics.Unfortunately,manystudentsprefermajorssuchassocialsciences,history,education,andpsychology,whicharen'tinhighdemand.
4.Todevelopamorethoroughlistoffieldslikelytoofferplentyofjobsandgoodpay,Ianalyzeddatafromavarietyofsources,includingBLSandtheindustry-researchfirmIBISWorld,whichprojectsfutureemploymentlevelsindozensoffields.Acouplerulesofthumb:
First,itstillpaystohaveacollegedegree,evenifyou'reworriedabouttheexpense.ConsultingfirmMcKinsey&Companypredictsthatby2020,therewillbeashortageof1.5millioncollegegrads,whichmeansemployerswillcontinuetoplaceahighpremiumonbetter-educatedworkers.
5.Anotherimportantpoint:
Themostsuccessfulpeopletendtobelifelonglearnerswhodevelopnewskillslongaftertheygraduatefromcollegeorcompleteatrainingprogram.Infact,buildingmultipleskillsets—suchasanalyticalexpertisecombinedwithaliberal-artsbackground,orscientificknowledgewithalawdegree—canbeaterrificwaytodifferentiateyourselfinaclutteredjobmarket.Plus,themostlastingskillsareoftenthosethatcanbetransferredfromonefieldtoanother,astheeconomyebbsandflows.
6.Butyouhavetoanchoryourcareersomewhere,sohereare10fieldsthatarelikelytoflourishin2020:
1)Datacrunching.Theeraofbigdataisjustgettingstarted,withmanyfirmseagertotapvastnewdatabasestogathermoreinfoontheircustomers,theircompetitors,andeventhemselves.Thechallengeisn'tjustcrunchingnumbers;it'smakingsenseofthem,andgainingusefulinsightsthatcanbetranslatedintoabusinessedge.Marketingandmarketresearcharetwogrowingfieldswheretheuseofdataisexploding.
2)Counselingandtherapy.There'snowwidespreadrecognitionthatmentalhealthisasimportantasphysicalhealth,whichislikelytoincreasedemandforprofessionalsinthisfield.TheBLSexpectstheneedformarriageandfamilytherapists,asoneexample,togrow41percentby2020.
3)Scientificresearch.Newtechnologywillcontinuetogeneratebreakthroughsinmedicine,manufacturing,transportation,andmanyotherfields,whichmeanstherewillbestrongdemandforworkersschooledinbiology,chemistry,math,andengineering.Someareasthatshowparticularpromise:
biotechnologyandbiomedicine,nanotechnology,robotics,and3Dprinting,whichallowsthemanufactureofphysicalproductsfromadigitaldatafile.
4)Computerengineering.Alotofsoftwaredevelopmentisdoneoverseasthesedays,buttheneedforhigh-levelcomputerexpertsabletotiesystemstogetherisstillstrong.Infinanceandinvesting,forinstance,high-speedcomputingisincreasinglyaprimecompetitiveadvantage.Andmostbigcompanieswillneednetworksthatarefaster,moreseamless,andmoresecure.
5)Veterinarians.Petsaremorepopularthanever,andsomeofthemgetmedicalcarethat'spracticallyfitforahuman.TheBLSexpectstheneedforvetstorise36percentby2020.
6)Environmentalandconservationscience.Makingbetteruseoftheplanet'sresourceswillbeessentialaspopulationgrowthstrainsexistinginfrastructure.Greenenergy,despitesomepoliticalcontroversy,stillseemslikelytoboom.Developersneedmoreefficientwaystoheatandcoolbuildings.Anddealingwithglobalwarmingmayrequirenewtechnologynotevenonthedrawingboardyet.
7)Somehealthcarefields.It'swell-knownthattheagingofthebabyboomerswillrequiremorecaregiversinmanyspecialties.Somehealthcarejobstendtobelow-paying,withalotofworkersflockingtowhataresupposedtobe"recession-proof"fields.Andtheneedtoloweroverallhealthcarecostscouldpinchsomedoctors,hospitalworkers,anddiagnosticians.Butdemandshouldbestrongfornurses,optometrists,audiologists,dentists,physicaltherapists,andsomedoctorspecialists.
8)Management.Thebossearnsalotforgoodreason:
Hisjobisn'taseasyasitmightseem.Effectivemanagementinthefuturewillrequirebasicbusinessknowledgeplustheabilitytooverseeoperationsinmanylocationsandcountries,andsometechnicalknow-how.Anybodywhocanimproveaunit'sperformancewhileloweringcostsshouldrisequickly.TheBLSandIBISWorldalsoexpectgrowingdemandforsomesupportfieldssuchashumanrelations,benefitsadministration,andeventplanning.
9)Finance.Themovementandmanagementofmoneyistechnicallycomplex,andintegraltomostcompanies.Plus,nontraditionalinvestingfirmssuchashedgefundsandprivate-equityfirmsarelikelytogrowasthetraditionalbankingsectorcomplieswithnewregulationsandreinsinrisk-taking.Thatmeanstherewillbemoreneedforfinanceexperts.Theremayevenbeashortageasstudentsonceinterestedinfinanceveerintootherfields,turnedoffbythe2008financialcrisisandthevilificationofbanks.
10)Entrepreneurship.It'softenoverlooked,buttheneedforinnovatorsrunningtheirownbusinessescouldbemoreimportantthaneverin2020.Forecastersexpectstronggrowthintraditionalbusinessessuchasused-cardealers,hairandnailsalons,petgrooming,andofficeservices,whichmeansanybodyabletocomeupwithbetter,cheaperwaystoservecustomerswillreapawindfall.Technologystartupswillnodoubtkeepchangingthewayconsumersworkandlive.AndnobodyreallyknowswhatthenextiPad,Twitter,orPinterestwillbe—except,perhaps,someentrepreneurwho'sdreamingaboutitrightnow.Heorshemayhaveabiggerimpactonlifein2020thananythingtheforecastersseecoming.
1107words
Passage2
SevenWaystoCreateaHappyHousehold
HowtoTalktoYourKids
1.Everyfamilyisdifferent,withdifferentpersonalities,customs,andwaysofthinking,talking,andconnectingtooneanother.Thereisnoone"right"kindoffamily.Butwhetherparentsarestrictorlenient,ill-temperedorcalm,homehastobeaplaceoflove,encouragement,andacceptanceoftheirfeelingsandindividualityforkidstofeelemotionallysafeandsecure.Italsohastobeasourceofdon'tsandlimits.
2.Mostofuswantsuchanatmospheretoprevailinourhomes,butwithtoday'sstressesthisoftenseemsharderandhardertoachieve.Fromtimetotimeithelpstostopandthinkaboutthechangeswecouldmaketoimproveourhome'semotionalclimate.Hereareafewthatwill.
1)WatchWhatYouSay
3.Howwetalktoourchildreneverydayispartoftheemotionalatmosphereweweave.Besidesgivingthemopportunitiestobeopenabouthowtheyfeel,wehavetowatchwhatwesayandhowwesayit.
4.Weoftenforgethowmuchkidstakeparentalcriticismstoheartandhowmuchtheseaffecttheirfeelingsaboutthemselves.PsychologistMartinSeligmanfoundthatwhenparentsconsistentlyblamekidsinexaggeratedways,childrenfeeloverlyguiltyandashamedandwithdrawemotionally.Lookatthedifferencebetween"Roger,thisroomisalwaysapigsty!
Youaresuchaslob!
"and"Roger,yourroomisamesstoday!
Beforeyougoouttoplay,ithastobepickedup."
5.OnewaytellsRogerhecanneverdoanythingright.Theothertellshimexactlywhattodotofixthingssohecanbebackinhismom'sgoodgracesanddoesn'tsuggesthehasapermanentcharacterflaw.Forcriticismtobeconstructiveforchildren,wehavetocitecausesthatarespecificandtemporary.
6.Anotherconstructivewaytocriticizechildrenistoremindthemoftheimpacttheiractionshaveonus.Thispromotesempathyratherthanresentment.
2)ProvideOrderandStability
7.Apredictabledailyframework,clearandconsistentrules,andanorganizedhousemakekids—andparents—morerelaxedandcomfortable,andthatmeanseveryonehasemotionalequilibrium.Whenconflicts,tensions,orcrisesoccur,theroutineisareassuringandfamiliarsupport,areliablegroundofourlivesthatwon'tchange.
8.Thinkaboutyourmornings.Doyourkidsgoofftoschoolfeelingcalmandconfident?
Oraretheyupsetandangry?
9.Whatabouteveningsandbedtime?
DoyouhaveangryfightsoverhomeworkorhowmuchTVchildrencanwatch?
Acalmbedtimeroutineisonegoodremedyforthedarkfearsthatsurfacewhenkidsarealoneinbedwiththelightsturnedout.
10.Yetaroutinethat'stooinflexibledoesn'tmakeroomforkids'individualtemperamentsandpreferences.
MakeQualityTimeaPriority
3)HoldFamilyMeetings
11.Timetogetherissovaluableinmosthouseholdsthatmanyfamilies,liketheMartin
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