英汉翻译 经典练习题.docx
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英汉翻译 经典练习题.docx
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英汉翻译经典练习题
TranslationTechniquePractice1
1)根据翻译的定义,举例说明译与非译的区别。
(参考答案:
翻译是把原文的语言文字或符号系统加以变更,使不懂这种语言的人通过译者的努力变为读者的母语的结果。
例如,原文为:
他很不错。
译文为:
Ok,Ilikehimverymuch.这就是非译,是胡诌。
又如:
Father,Son,andtheHolyGhost.译文是:
爸爸,儿子和神圣魔鬼。
这也属于非译,它充其量是对原文字面上的解释或者大意上的猜测,达不到传递语言信息的功能。
考察其出处,它是源自《圣经》的一个重要的基督教信仰,翻译为:
圣父,圣子,圣灵三位一体。
这才是实质的翻译,准确地传达了原文信息和原语文化。
翻译并不是单纯的词句转化,而是改变语言符号和传达原文内容两方面的有机统一。
)
2)请翻译,注意传达出原文信息,并便于读者理解。
Thewomanappearedwithourbeer.
那个女人给我们送啤酒来了。
LastwinterStanford’snewe-commerceelectivewasthehottestthingonthebusinessschool’campus,with28studentsusingtheirsingle“silverbullet”tosecureoneofthe66availablespots.
去年冬天,斯坦福大学新开设的电子商务选修课成为商学院最热门的课程,28名学生各施绝技,以求在66个听课席中争得一席。
Thestudyfoundthatnon-smokingwivesofmenwhosmokecigarettesfaceamuchgreaterthannormaldangerofdevelopinglungcancer.
研究结果表明,丈夫抽烟,妻子不抽烟,那妻子得癌症的危险,要比一般人大得多。
你红光满面。
Youlooksohealthyandfullofpep.
他是个“气管炎”。
Heisahen-peckedman.
你是在班门弄斧。
YouareshowingoffyourproficiencywithanaxebeforeLuBanthemastercarpenter.
TranslationTechniquePractice2
1)请分别用直译和意译翻译以下内容:
toflogadeadhorse
直译:
鞭打死马
意译:
白费力;徒劳
过街老鼠
直译:
likearatcrossingthestreet
意译:
theobjectofuniversalcondemnation;abadmanhatedbyeverybody
Anodisasgoodasawinktoablindhorse.
直译:
点头也好,眨眼也好,示意盲马,同样无效。
意译:
犟汉难劝,狂人难喻。
树倒猢狲散。
直译:
Whenthetreefalls,themonkeysscatter.
意译:
Membersrunawaywhenthefamilyfalls./Ratsleaveasinkingship.
2)英译汉:
Thenwhat?
Well,mankindisnotdoingaverygoodjobofrunningtheearthrightnow.Maybe,whenthetimecomes,weoughttostepgracefullyasideandhandoverthejobtosomeonewhocandoitbetter.Andifwedon’tstepaside,perhapsSupercomputerwillsimplymoveinandpushusaside.
到那时会怎么样呢?
唉,反正人类现在也没有做好管理地球的工作。
也许到那时候,我们真该豁达大度地让到一边,把工作交给更为称职的去做。
如果我们不主动让位,也许超级电脑就会不客气地闯进来,把我们推到一边。
Thelanddidnotmove,butmoved.Theseawasnotstill,yetwasstill.Paradoxflowedintoparadox,stillnessmixedwithstillness,soundwithsound.
大地止而亦行,大海动而亦静。
万籁交而万籁合,若真若假,若是若非。
Thegardenwasaparadiseonearth,withmorefoodandclothesthancouldbeconsumedandmoremoneythancouldbespent.
花园里面是人间乐园,有的是吃不了的大米白面,穿不完的绫罗绸缎,花不完的金银财宝。
3)汉译英:
她们大家,不仅个个身上都给太阳晒得暖烘烘的,而且人人心里都有一个小太阳,温暖着各自的心灵。
那是一种迷梦,一种痴迷,一种嗜好,至少是一种渺茫的希望,这种希望虽然可能正在化为泡影,但却依然活在个人的心中,因为一切希望都是如此。
因此,她们大家全都喜气洋洋,好些人还兴高采烈。
Andaseachandallofthemwerewarmedwithoutbythesun,soeachhadaprivatelittlesunforhersoultobaskin;somedream,someaffection,somehobby,atleastsomeremoteanddistanthopewhich,,thoughperhapsstarvingtonothing,stilllivedon,ashopeswill.Thustheywereallcheerful,andmanyofthemmerry.
年年难过年年过,处处无家处处家。
Hardup,wemanagetogetoveriteachyear;
Homeless,wetrytomakehomeeverywhere.
他决定洗心革面,脱胎换骨。
Heisdeterminedtoturnoveranewleaf.
本店货色齐全,品种多样,任君挑选。
Wehaveagoodassortmentofgoodstochoosefrom.
TranslationTechniquePractice3
1)请翻译,注意选词
A.runafever
发烧
runacar
驾驶小车
runoil
提炼石油
runtheriskof
冒着..的危险
Theidearunsinhismind
这个念头萦绕在他的脑海里。
Thestreetrunsnorth.
大街向北延伸。
Thenewsrunsrapidlyinthetown.
这个消息迅速在镇上传开。
B.干部要能上能下。
Acadreshouldbereadytotakealoweraswellasahigherpost.
这盘你上。
Youplaythisgame.
我来给门上油漆。
Letmepaintthedoor.
这事已经上了电视。
IthasbeenpublicizedonTV.
2)请翻译,注意灵活处理。
AfterthefallofFrance,GermanywasincomparablystrongerthanEnglandontheground,aboutequallymatchedintheair,andgravelyinferioratsea.
法国崩溃之后,德国陆军大大超过英国,空军力量旗鼓相当,海军则不幸处于劣势。
Thehappiness---thesperioradvantageoftheyoungwomenroundabouther,gaveRebeccainexpressiblepangsofenvy.
利蓓加看见她周围的小姐都那么有福气,享受种种权利,说不出的眼红。
Hewasacleverman;apleasantcompanion;acarelessstudent;withagreatpropensityforrunningintodebt,andapartialityforthetavern.
他是个聪明人,谈吐非常风趣,可是不肯用苦功。
他老是东借西挪,又喜欢上酒店喝酒。
3)请根据文体,翻译以下内容:
酱香突出,幽雅细腻,酒体醇厚,回味悠长,空杯留香持久,历届国家名酒评比之冠,尊为国酒。
CarefullyBrewed
PureandMellow
WithaLong-lastingAroma
美国媒体变恐怖主义传声筒
AmericanMedia:
MouthpieceofTerrorism
中国已成功发射了第一颗试验通讯卫星。
这颗卫星是由三级火箭推动的,一直运转正常。
它标准着我国在发展运载工具和电子技术方面进入了一个新阶段。
ThesuccessfullaunchingofChina’sfirstexperimentalcommunicationsatellite,whichwaspropelledbyathree-stagerocketandhasbeeninoperationeversince,indicatesthatournationhasenteredanewstageinthedevelopmentofcarrierrocketsandelectronics.
种子不落在肥土而落在瓦砾中,有生命力的种子绝不会悲观和叹气,因为有了阻力才有磨练。
生命开始的一瞬间就带来了斗争的草,才是坚韧的草,也只有这种草,才可以傲然地对那些玻璃棚中养育着的盆花哄笑。
Whentheseedfallsindebrisinsteadofonfertilesoil,theseedwithlifeisneverpessimisticorsad,forithasundergoneresistanceandpressure.Thegrassthatbeginstofightitswayoutrightafteritsbirthisstrongandtenacious,andonlythatgrasshastherighttosmilewithprideatthepottedplantsinglassedgreenhouses.
TranslationTechniquePractice4
Assignment:
I.Discussthefollowingquestions
1.Whenandwhereisconversionusedintranslation?
2.Whyisitnecessaryforatranslatortoconvertpartsofspeechintranslation?
3.WhatarethemajorformsofconversioninEnglish-Chinesetranslation?
4.DoyouthinktheconversionsinEnglish-ChineseandChinese-Englishtranslationarejustthesame?
Whydoyouthinkso?
Orwhynot?
II.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese,usingthetechniqueofconversion.
1.Withthepassageoftime,myadmirationforhimgrewmoreandmore.
2.Weareenemiesofallwars,butaboveallofdynasticwars.
3.Myaudiencevariedfromtenstothousands.
4.Independentobservershavecommentedfavorablyontheachievementyouhavemadeinthisdirection.
5.Nowonderthesightofitshouldsendthememoriesofquiteanumberofpeopleoftheoldgenerationbackto36yearsago.
6.Thereisabigincreaseindemandforallkindsofconsumergoodsineverypartofourcountry.
7.OutofalltheglorioustaleswrittenabouttheU.S.revolutionforindependencefromBritainthefactishardlyknownthatablackmanwasthefirsttodieforAmericanindependence.
8.Iburiedmyheadunderthemiserablesheetandrugandcriedlikeachild.
9.Thethiefmadeatremblingconfessionofhiswrongdoing.
10.Thesailorsswarmedintoalaughingandcheeringringaroundthetwomen.
11.Ienjoythecleanvoluptuousnessofthewarmbreezeonmyskinandthecoolsupportofwater.
12.ItwasatruthofwhichIhadforsometimebeenconsciousthatafigurewithagooddealoffrontagewas,asonemightsay,almostneverapublicinstitution.
III.PutthefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese,tryingtogetthecorrectmeaningoftheoriginal.
1.Chineseoil
2.agood(bad)sailor
3.agoodman
4.dry(wet)nurse
5.bowelmovements
6.turnthetables
7.amatterofgreatimport
8.beoutwithsb.
9.tositabove(below)thesalt
10.worthone'ssalt
11.tosleeplate
12.holdwater
13.blowhotandcold
14.abullinachinashop
15.topullthestring
16.putallone'seggsinonebasket
17.toeatone'sownwords
18.toturnoveranewleaf
19.ashort(long)drink
20.amaningoodshape
21.deadmen
22.theouterman
23.theinnerman
24.theoddman
IV.E-CTranslation
TranslationTechniquePractice5
Assignment
I.Discussthefollowingquestions
1.Whatisrestructuring?
WhatareitsusualwaysinEnglish?
2.WhatarethedifferencesbetweeninversionsinEnglishandinChinese?
3.HowshouldwepracticetheskillofrestructuringinEnglish-Chinesetranslation?
Citesomeexamplestoexplain.
II.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese,usingthetechniqueofconversion.
1.Thistea-partywasgivenbyMr.Smith,seniorcorrespondentofTheTimes,London.
2.Hewouldbearashmanwhoshouldventuretodefyworldpublicopinionandactarbitrarily.
3.Iwasallthemoredelightedwhen,asaresultoftheinitiativeofyourgovernment,itprovedpossibletoreinstatethevisitsoquickly.
4.Accountsaregivenofhugemountainssinking,offormerplainsseenheavedaloft,offiresflashingoutamidtheruin.
5.Canyouforgeagainsttheseenemiesinagrandandglobalalliance,NorthandSouth,EastandWest,thatcanassureamorefruitfullifeforallmankind?
Willyoujoininthathistoriceffort?
6.Bright,verybrightwerethestarsoverthewild,darkYen'anhill.
7.IbelievestronglythatitisintheinterestsofmycountrymenthatBritainshouldremainanactiveandenergeticmemberoftheEuropeanCommunity.
8.Itiseasytoseewhatweightcanbeovercomeandwhatthrustisnecessarytomaintainflight.
9.Nowadaysitisunderstoodthatadietwhichcontainsnothingharmfulmayresultinseriousdiseaseifcertainimportantelementsaremissing.
10.Manymorevisitorsthanitcancomfortablyaccommodatepouredintoit,offtheregularsteamers,offchartedmotorboatsandoffyachts;alldaytheyambleupthetowpath,lookingforwhat?
11.IbelievethatIspeakforeverysincereandseriousrepresentativeintheUnitedNations—soIamencouragedtobelievebythespeechestowhichwehavealreadylistenedthismorning—whenIsaythattheanniversarymustbeanoccasionforanhonestassessmentofourfailuresinthepast,matchedbyanequallydeterminedwilltodobetterinthefuture,sothatwecanescapefromfrustrationandturntheanniversaryintoaninspirationandanachievement.
III.PutthefollowingsentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontotheitalicizedwords
1.Ichallengemyownconclusion.
2.Ichallengeyoutoanswerthequestion.
3.Chinachallengestheworldindiscipline.
4.Recentdiscoverieshavechallengedtheoldnotions.
5.Hisquestionchallengesustothink.
6.Survivalinenemy-occupiedterritorychallengedskill.
7.Heisnotcommittedtoanearlyelection.
8.IamcommittedtoimprovingrelationswithChina.
9.Ican'tcommitmyselfby
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