0205高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧ppt.ppt
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0205高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧ppt.ppt
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阅读理解题型及解题技巧,题型及解题技巧,1,2,3,4,主旨大意,细节理解,推理判断,猜测词义,阅读技巧,细节理解,本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。
问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)、结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。
常见问题形式有:
Whichofthefollowingistrue/falseexcept?
Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept,三正一误,三误一正,1.Accordingtothepassage,who/what/which/when/Where/why/how/howmany/howmuch/howlong/Howsoon/howoften,etc.?
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue/nottrue?
3.Accordingtothepassage,Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?
4.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT_.5.Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat_.6.Choosethebestorderinwhichthepeopledo_.,1.定义;2.比较;3.年代与数字.原因和结果,此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。
SampleI,HooverDamlies_.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFranciscoD.bothAandB,ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad,whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam,oneofthehighestdamsintheworld,issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.,2.定义;3.比较;.年代与数字5.原因和结果,此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。
HooverDamlies_.A.betweenArizonaandNevadaB.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFranciscoD.bothAandB,SampleI,SampleII,WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.,MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.,SampleII,WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.,moved,MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.,taken,Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis.Agreenhousegasemissions(散发)inindustrializednationsBhighersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaCcontinuousglobalwarmingDrisingsealevels,SampleII,reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusauallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.,connect,to,Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis.Agreenhousegasemissions(散发)inindustrializednationsBhighersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaCcontinuousglobalwarmingDrisingsealevels,SampleII,猜测词义,QuestionForm,
(1)Theword“”inLinemeans/canbebestreplacedby
(2)Asusedinthepassage,thephrase“”suggests(3)Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase“”is/refersto(4)Theword“”isclosestinmeaningto,根据解释确定词义,技巧1,1.Socialmobilityisthemovementfromoneclassorleveloflivingtoanother.2.Theotherquestionedtheveracity-thetruthfulnessofthesereports.,3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupagoal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.,根据对比确定词义,技巧2,Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.,根据逻辑确定词义,技巧3,Ifyouarecapableofworkingtwelvehoursadaywithoutarest,andifyoucanengageinphysicalexerciseforhourswithoutseemingtogettired,thenyouareindefatigable.,根据上下文情景确定词义,技巧4,Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans_.AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout,RainforestsliketheAmazonareimportantformoppingupCO2fromtheatmosphereandhelpingtoslowglobalwarming.CurrentlythetreesintheAmazontakeinaround500milliontonsofCO2eachyear:
equaltothetotalamountofCO2givingoffintheUKeachyear.,根据上下文情景确定词义,技巧4,Theunderlinedphrase“moppingup”inthesecondparagraphmeans_.AcleaningupBtakinginCwipingoutDgivingout,1.TheoffspringofapairofbirdsleavethenestwhentheyarebigenoughtoflyAchildrenBancestorsCgenerationsDmates2.ThereisastackofpapersonMr.GreensdeskApieceBbalanceCmixtureDpile,Trytodothefollowingexercises:
根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义,3.Beforeyoubuysomething,checkthequalityfirstForexample,ifitischeap,itmightnotbegoodAhowgooditisBwhatthecolorisCwhatthesizeisDhowbigitis4.Pleasegivemeyourrecipeforthiscake,soIcanmakeittooAadishBdirectionsforcookingCamealDdirectionstoyourhouse,推理判断,1.不选择照抄原文的选项,要选择要有同义词解释的选项。
2.不选事实细节选项3.不选非事实选项4.选概括性/哲理性的选项,技巧,常见问题形式:
1.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat_2.Thepassagesuggests/impliesthat_3.Bythefirstsentenceofthesecondparagraph,theauthormeans_4.Wecanconcludethat_.5.Whenthewritertalksabout.,whathereallymeansisthat_.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitressagebecausehethought_.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause_.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch,Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,”Areyousingle?
“Why,yes.Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother.shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?
1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitressagebecausehethought_.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim2.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause_.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch,1.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson_.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperation,Sample2,2.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?
A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.,Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.Ifmetalisheatedandthencooledveryquickly,forexamplebydipping(浸)itinwater,itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle-thatis,itwillbreakeasily.Metalthathasbeenannealedissoftbutdoesnotbreakaseasily.Itispossibletomakemetalashardorassoftasitiswished,byannealing,it.Themetalisheated,andallowedtocoolslowlyforacertainlengthoftime.Thelongertheheatedmetaltakestocoolslowly,thesofteritbecomes.Annealingcanalsobeusedonothermaterial,suchasglass.,Annealing退火处理,主要是指将材料曝露于高温一段很长时间后,然后再慢慢冷却的热处理制程。
主要目的是:
(1)释放应力,
(2)增加材料延展性和韧性,(3)产生特殊显微结构。
1.Inannealing,therequiredhardnessofmetaldependson_.A.thequantityofwaterusedB.thetemperatureofthemetalC.thesoftnessofthemetalD.thetimingoftheoperation,Sample2,2.Assuggestedbythetext,howcanglassbemadelessbrittle?
A.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledquickly.B.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedslowly.C.Itcanbeheatedandthencooledslowly.D.Itcanbecooledandthenheatedquickly.,观点和态度,理解作者的观点和态度题:
既考查学生对字面意思的理解,也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。
正确理解作者的写作意图,所持的观点及阐述文章主题时语气或他对所论述的对象的态度。
-假如你是作者,你为什么要写本文?
此类考题的主要形式:
1.Thewriterspurposeinwritingthisstoryis_.2.Thetextdiscussesmenandwomen50,000yearsfromnowinordertoshowthat_.,辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇,以及承接上下文的连接词。
注意:
贬义:
disgust,critical,negative,tolerant,disappointment,褒义:
positive,wonder,support,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring,中立:
indifferent,impassive,uninterested,ambivalent,neutral,apathetic,disinterested,Theauthorappears_modernadvertising.A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwith,e.g.,Oneofthemostauthoritativevoicesspeakingtoustodayis,ofcourse,thevoiceoftheadvertisers.Itshoutsatusfromthetelevisionscreenandtheradioloudspeakers;wavestousfromeverypageofthenewspaper;signalstousfromtheroadsidebill-boardsalldayandflashestousincoloredlightsallnight.(根据文章作者用词来判断),Theauthorappears_modernadvertising.A.tolikeB.tobeindifferenttoC.todislikeD.toknowhowtodealwith,e.g.,Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedrivingconditionshaveimprovedgreatlyC.themeasureforprotectingwildlifefailstoworkD.anincreasingnumberofanimalsarekilledinroadaccidents.,MillionsofanimalsdieeachyearonU.S.roads,theFederalHighwayAdministrationreports.Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today.Themainreason?
Roadkill.,Thewriterusestheexampleof“ocelots”toshowthat_.A.wildanimalshavebecomemoredangerousB.thedriving
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