1、阅读理解题型及解题技巧,题型及解题技巧,1,2,3,4,主旨大意,细节理解,推理判断,猜测词义,阅读技巧,细节理解,本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(why)、结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。,常见问题形式有：Which of the following is true/false except?Which of the following is mentioned except,三正一误,三误一正,1.According to the passage,
2、who/what/which/when/Where/why/how/how many/how much/how long/How soon/how often,etc.?2.According to the passage,which of the following is true/not true?3.According to the passage,Which of the following is not mentioned?4.All of the following are true EXCEPT _.5.In the passage the writer states that
3、_.6.Choose the best order in which the people do_.,1.定义；2.比较；3.年代与数字.原因和结果,此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。,Sample I,Hoover Dam lies _.A.between Arizona and Nevada B.in the Black Canyon C.between New York and San Francisco D.both A and B,This huge dam is in the Black Canyon.It ispossible to dri
4、ve a car from one side of theriver to the other on a road，which is on the top of the dam.This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside.This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of the United States.Hoover Dam，one o
5、f the highest dams in the world，is situated between the states of Arizona andNevada.,2.定义；3.比较；.年代与数字5.原因和结果,此类试题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接找到,但不可能与阅读材料一模一样。,Hoover Dam lies _.A.between Arizona and Nevada B.in the Black Canyon C.between New York and San Francisco D.both A and B,Sample I,Sample II,Which of the
6、following is NOT true?A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B.Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.,Miss Luo Lin,Miss Asia of 1991，Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years
7、old，Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition,she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years.However，it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage,dancing,singing,making-u
8、p and other proper manners,designed by the Asia TV Station.,Sample II,Which of the following is NOT true?A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai.B.Luo Lin moved to Hong Kong with her parents.C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991.D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia.,moved,Miss Luo L
9、in,Miss Asia of 1991，Born in Shanghai and taken to Hong Kong when she was only six years old，Luo Lin has never dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition,she had been an airhostess in Cat hay Airline for seven years.However，it stil
10、l took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage,dancing,singing,making-up and other proper manners,designed by the Asia TV Station.,taken,According to scientists,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is.Agreenhouse gas emissions(散发)in industrialized nationsBhigher surface wate
11、r temperatures of the seaCcontinuous global warmingDrising sea levels,Sample II,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusaually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years.Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to
12、greater and more damaging storms.,connect,to,According to scientists,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is.Agreenhouse gas emissions(散发)in industrialized nationsBhigher surface water temperatures of the seaCcontinuous global warmingDrising sea levels,Sample II,猜测词义,Question Form,(1)The word
13、“”in Line means/can be best replaced by(2)As used in the passage,the phrase“”suggests(3)From the passage,we can infer that the word/phrase“”is/refers to(4)The word“”is closest in meaning to,根据解释确定词义,技巧 1,1.Social mobility is the movement from one class or level of living to another.2.The other quest
14、ioned the veracity-the truthfulness of these reports.,3.He is a resolute man,once he sets up a goal,he will not give it up easily.,根据对比确定词义,技巧 2,In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.,根据逻辑确定词义,技巧 3,If you are capable of working
15、 twelve hours a day without a rest,and if you can engage in physical exercise for hours without seeming to get tired,then you are indefatigable.,根据上下文情景确定词义,技巧 4,The underlined phrase“mopping up”in the second paragraph means_.A cleaning up B taking in C wiping out D giving out,Rainforests like the A
16、mazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year:equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year.,根据上下文情景确定词义,技巧 4,The underlined phrase“mopping up”in the s
17、econd paragraph means_.A cleaning up B taking in C wiping out D giving out,1.The offspring of a pair of birds leave the nest when they are big enough to fly Achildren Bancestors Cgenerations Dmates2.There is a stack of papers on Mr.Greens desk Apiece Bbalance Cmixture Dpile,Try to do the following e
18、xercises:根据上下文推测各题中划线词的词义,3.Before you buy something，check the quality firstFor example,if it is cheap,it might not be good Ahow good it is Bwhat the color is Cwhat the size is Dhow big it is4.Please give me your recipe for this cake，so I can make it too Aa dish Bdirections for cooking Ca meal Ddire
19、ctions to your house,推理判断,1.不选择照抄原文的选项，要选择要有 同义词解释的选项。2.不选事实细节选项3.不选非事实选项4.选概括性/哲理性的选项,技巧,常见问题形式:1.It can be inferred/concluded from the passage that _2.The passage suggests/implies that _3.By the first sentence of the second paragraph,the author means _4.We can conclude that_.5.When the writer talk
20、s about.,what he really means is that_.6.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?,1.The writer talked about the waitress age because he thought_.A.she was young B.it a pleasure to make friends with her C.she was beautiful D.it strange for her to fall in love with him2.The waitress sa
21、id hello to the writer every day because_.A.she lived near his house B.he often went to visit her mother C.she wanted to be friendly with him D.she loved him very much,When the young waitress near my house started saying hello to me every day,I was very happy.She was at least fifteen years younger t
22、han I.One day she signed me to come near.When I walked over,she asked,”Are you single?“Why,yes.I answered,smiling at her happily.“So is my mother.she said,“Would you like to meet her?,1.The writer talked about the waitress age because he thought_.A.she was young B.it a pleasure to make friends with
23、her C.she was beautiful D.it strange for her to fall in love with him2.The waitress said hello to the writer every day because_.A.she lived near his house B.he often went to visit her mother C.she wanted to be friendly with him D.she loved him very much,1.In annealing,the required hardness of metal
24、depends on _.A.the quantity of water used B.the temperature of the metal C.the softness of the metal D.the timing of the operation,Sample 2,2.As suggested by the text,how can glass be made less brittle?A.It can be heated and then cooled quickly.B.It can be cooled and then heated slowly.C.It can be h
25、eated and then cooled slowly.D.It can be cooled and then heated quickly.,Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly,for example by dipping(浸)it in water,it will be very hard but also very brittle-that i
26、s,it will break easily.Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily.It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as it is wished,by annealing,it.The metal is heated,and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time.The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly,the so
27、fter it becomes.Annealing can also be used on other material,such as glass.,Annealing 退火处理，主要是指将材料曝露于高温一段很长时间后，然后再慢慢冷却的热处理制程。主要目的是：(1)释放应力，(2)增加材料延展性和韧性，(3)产生特殊显微结构。,1.In annealing,the required hardness of metal depends on _.A.the quantity of water used B.the temperature of the metal C.the softness
28、of the metal D.the timing of the operation,Sample 2,2.As suggested by the text,how can glass be made less brittle?A.It can be heated and then cooled quickly.B.It can be cooled and then heated slowly.C.It can be heated and then cooled slowly.D.It can be cooled and then heated quickly.,观点和态度,理解作者的观点和态
29、度题：既考查学生对字面意思的理解，也考查学生对作者写作目的、态度、观点等的理解。,正确理解作者的写作意图，所持的观点及阐述文章主题时语气或他对所论述的对象的态度。-假如你是作者，你为什么要写本文？,此类考题的主要形式：,1.The writers purpose in writing this story is _.2.The text discusses men and women 50,000 years from now in order to show that _.,辨认三种作者使用的表达情感、态度及观点的词汇，以及承接上下文的连接词。,注意：,贬义：disgust,critical
30、,negative,tolerant,disappointment,褒义:positive,wonder,support,useful,interesting,enthusiasm,admiring,中立:indifferent,impassive,uninterested,ambivalent,neutral,apathetic,disinterested,The author appears _modern advertising.A.to like B.to be indifferent to C.to dislike D.to know how to deal with,e.g.,On
31、e of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is,of course,the voice of the advertisers.It shouts at us from the television screen and the radio loudspeakers;waves to us from every page of the newspaper;signals to us from the roadside bill-boards all day and flashes to us in colored lights
32、 all night.(根据文章作者用词来判断),The author appears _modern advertising.A.to like B.to be indifferent to C.to dislike D.to know how to deal with,e.g.,The writer uses the example of“ocelots”to show that_.A.wild animals have become more dangerous B.the driving conditions have improved greatly C.the measure fo
33、r protecting wildlife fails to work D.an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents.,Millions of animals die each year on U.S.roads,the Federal Highway Administration reports.In fact,only about 80 ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the U.S.today.The main reason?Roadkill.,The writer uses the example of“ocelots”to show that_.A.wild animals have become more dangerous B.the driving
