能源学术英语综合教程1教师手册Unit4 TB.docx
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能源学术英语综合教程1教师手册Unit4 TB.docx
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能源学术英语综合教程1教师手册Unit4TB
Unit4
EnergyandSustainability
Viewingandspeaking
Viewing
1
1-5:
TFTFF
2
11990s
21.5million;27%
380%-95%;50%;80%
435billion
510thousand
640%
Transcript
Germanyisintransition.Oneoftheworld’slargesteconomiesispursuinganambitiousgoal‒switchingtorenewableenergy.Forthecompletetransformationofitsenergyinfrastructure,theGermanenergymarketisenteringanewage.Intelligentideas,resoluteaction,andpoliticalwillhavemadeGermanyafrontrunner.
Sincetheearly1990s,bothcompaniesandcitizenshavebeeninvestinginsolar,windandbio-energypowerplants.Theseinvestmentsaresupportedbyanattractiveandstablelegalframework.Germany’senergyrevolutioniswellunderwayandmovingforwardwithgreatmomentum.Morethan1.5millionrenewablepowerplantshavebeeninstalledinGermanyoverthepast25years.Aworldrecord!
Renewablesnowproduceover27%oftheelectricityconsumedinGermany.Butthisisjustthebeginning.Germany’senergytransitionispursuingambitiousgoals.It’splannedthatby2050theemissionofgreenhousegaseswillhavebeenreducedby80%-95%.Toachievethis,energyconsumptionwillbereducedby50%andatleast80%ofelectricitywillcomefromrenewables.
Off-shorewind,on-shorewindandsolararethefuturepillarsofGermany’senergysupply.Sunandwindarefluctuatingenergysources.Variationsingenerationcausedbytheweathermustbebalancedout.Thismeansintegratingrenewableenergyintotheenergyinfrastructureisthemainchallenge.Theexistingelectricitygridneedstobeadaptedandgridparticipantsneedtobeabletocommunicateinanintelligentnetwork‒asmartgrid.Morestoragecapacityforrenewableenergyneedstobebuilt,andlargeinvestmentswillbeneededtoimproveenergyefficiencyfurther.
Thefluctuatingsupplyofelectricityfromrenewablesrequiresupgradestobemadetotheentirepowergrid.Aninvestmentofover35billioneurosisplannedfortheconstructionofhigh-voltagetransmissionlines,electricityautobahnsfromthewind-richnorthtomajorindustrialregions.Largeinvestmentsarealsoplannedforthelocaldistributiongridsaswellasfornewcommunicationtechnologiesthatwillquicklyidentifyanybottlenecks.
Energystoragesystemsareanotherkeytointegratingandusingrenewableenergyoptimally.Largebatterysystemsalreadyhelpedstabilizethegridbycompensatingforfluctuationsinrealtime.Thefallingcostofsolarpowerismakingenergystorageincreasinglyattractiveforprivatehouseholdstoo.Thisledtoaround10thousandsolarbatterysystemsbeinginstalledinGermanhouseholdsin2014alone.
Increasingenergyefficiencyinallsectorsisanotherpillaroftheenergytransition.Germanyisoneoftheworld’sleadingindustrialnationsinthisfield.Thecountryalreadyconsumeslessprimaryenergythan25yearsago.Energyconsumptionisbecomingincreasinglydecoupledfromeconomicgrowth.Buildingsaccountforaround40%ofGermany’senergyconsumption,mostofwhichisusedforheating.Thefederalgovernmentoffersuniqueincentivesforupgradingtheenergyperformanceofbuildings.World-leadingGermanresearchinstitutesanduniversitiesworkcloselywithindustrytobringinnovationstothemarket.Whetherforwindorsolarpower,greaterintegration,energystorageorenergyefficiency,Germanyishometooutstandingresearchanddevelopmentfacilities.
Speaking
2
1Solarenergycanbeuseddirectlyforvariouspurposes;windenergy,hydropowerandbioenergyallcomeindirectlyfromthesun.
2IntheplacewhereIlive,solarwaterheatersareinstalledontheroofsofthebuildings,providinghotwaterfortheshower.Intheneighboringcommunity,solarpanelsareinstalledoutsidethewallsofbuildings,rightunderthewindowsofeachapartment.InthenearbyparkwhereIusuallytakeawalkafterdinner,thelightsarealsopoweredbythesun.
3
cleanenergy
Cleanenergyistheenergythatcanbeextracted,generatedandconsumedwithoutanysignificantnegativeimpactontheenvironment,collectedfromrenewableresourceswhicharenaturallyreplenishedonahumantimescale,suchassunlight,wind,tidesandgeothermalheat.Itprovidesenergyinfourimportantareas:
electricitygeneration,airandwaterheating/cooling,transportation,andruralenergyservices.
Cleanenergyisoneofthekeypillarsofsustainabledevelopmentinthatithelpsreducedependenceonfossilfuelresources,provideopportunitiesformitigatinggreenhousegases,andservetheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingthesustainabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirenergyneeds.
Extensivereading
Integratedexercises
1
1
1)Ourelectricitysectorhasgonethroughdramaticchanges;
2)We’reclearlyinatimeofunparalleledtransformation;
3)Acleanenergyfutureisonewewanttomakecertainnottomiss.
2
1)Powerplantslikesolarandwindonesrequirenofueldelivery;
2)Don’thavetoworryaboutairorwaterpollution,orwateruse,orcatastrophicfailures;
3)Beabletospendmoreenergydollarsonpeople;
4)Meetenergydemandwithlessenergywithefficientlighting,motors,andappliances.
3
1)Cleanenergymeansjobsinmanufacturing,installation,servicing,etc.;itcanmeanrevenuesforcommunitiesandlandownerswhohostrenewableenergy;
2)Peoplewanthealthyairandcleanwaterfortheircommunitiesandtheirkids;
3)Wecanfindleadershipandsupportinarangeofplacesandcolors.
4
1)Thereisplentywecandoforthegrid.Arangeofnewtechnologiesandapproachesarelettingusbemuchmoreactiveparticipantsinmakingtheelectricitygridworkforall.
2)Harnessingthepowerofsunbeamsandsilicon,wecanturnourroofsintominipowerplants,andgenerateelectricitynotjusttomeetourownneedsbuttohelputilitiesandthelocalelectricitygridsmeetpeakpowerdemandsonhot,sunnydays.
2
1)challenges
2)opportunities
3)wewanttomakecertainnottomiss
4)easierroute
5)fromacrossthepoliticalspectrum
6)asolidmajorityof
7)affordablerooftopsolar
8)electricitysupplies
9)purposeanddirection
10)postpone
11)win
3
Examples:
1)energypricevolatility
2)supply-demandimbalance
3)energypoverty
4)energysecurity
5)greenhouseeffect
6)environmentalproblems
4
1清洁能源
2激动人心的雄辩言辞
3能源转型
4着眼于过去
5经历巨变
6弄清
7新的商业模式
8金融工程
9燃料运输
10灾难性后果
11选民登记表
12广泛吸引力
13许多地方
14无论
15就职演讲
16小型发电厂
17发电
18满足我们自己的需要
19用电需要高峰期
20放手去做
21树立远大目标
22恪守
23肯尼迪诞辰100周年纪念日
24史无前例的大变革时代
25电力供需关系
26不同政治派别的人
27绝大部分美国人
28分布式能源技术
5
1asolidmajorityofstudentsintheclass
2hasgonethroughdramaticchangesoverthepasttwodecades
3awiderangeoffacilities
4regardlessofage
5meettheneedsofyounglearners
6mustlivebymyrules
Intensivereading
Warmingup
1F2F3F4T5T6T7T8F
Textunderstanding
1
1
1)Ifyoutrytopushaboulder,itpushesyouback.
2)Onceyou’vestartedtheboulderrolling,itdevelopsmomentum.
3)Afootballplayermovingatspeedhasalotofmomentum.
4)Inasportsteamorapresidentialcampaign,everybodyrelisheshavingthe“BigMo”.
2
1)Theyareunbelievablyexpensive.
2)Theyarebuilttolastforaverylongtime.
3)Theyhaveahugeamountofinertia.
4)Theyhavealotofmomentumoncethey’resetinmotion.
3
1)momentum
2)inertia
2
1)alightbulb
2)thebulbanditsfixture
3)roomsandentirebuildings
4)betrained
5)energyworkers
6)trainingprograms
7)costlyinstallations
8)lengthylifespans
9)havebeenrecovered
3
1)previousenergytransitions
2)inertiaandmomentum
Languagebuilding
1
1-5:
befgc
6-10:
jadih
2
1-5:
BBBBB
6-10:
CBBAB
3
1possibility
2resistant
3painful
4regulator
5subsequent
6builder
7lengthily
8investment
9continual
10promoter
4
1feasible
2outdoor
3motion
4array
5span
6distribution
5
1movingobject
2thestateofmotion
3moveatspeed
4kineticenergy
5presidentialcampaign
6energytransition
7aircraftcarrier
8incandescentlightbulb
9changealightbulb
10desklamp
11inaccordancewith
12carryout
13belaidoff
14intherightsequence
15insomecases
16trainingprogram
17comeintoplay
18thelifespan
19recoverthecost
20gointocommercialservice
21inanunprecedentedmanner
22gasoline-poweredcar
23electriccar
24fluorescentlight
6
1Onceyou’vestartedtheboulderrolling,itdevelopsmomentum,whichisdefinedbyitsmassandvelocity.
2Considertheincandescentbulb,acurrentobjectofhatredofmanyenvironmentalistsandenergy-efficiencyadvocates.
3Theincandescentlightbulb,whichcametobethesymbolofinspiration,hasbeendevelopedintohundreds,ifnotthousands,offorms.
4It’seasytochangealightbulb,butit’shardertochangethebulbanditsfixture.
5Notonlydoourprospectivenewenergyworkershavetobetrained,theyhavetobetrainedintherightsequence.
6Insomecases,collegesanduniversitiesmighthavetochangetheirtrainingprograms,addinganotherlayerofdifficulty.
7TheoldestcontinuouslyoperatedcommercialhydroelectricplantintheUnitedStatesisonNewYork’sHudsonRiver,anditwentintocommercialservicein1898.
7
1Theremaybeproblemsifresponsibilitiesarenotclearlydefined.
2Shewasaskedtodotheafter-salesservice;thatis,shehadtotunethepianosforthecustomersintheirhomes.
3Goodcommunicationiskeytooursuccess.
4Theinfluenceofnewhousingpoliciesreachesfarbeyondthehousingmarketitself.
5Hecametorealizehewasonlyapuppet.
6Thestoreoffersadazzlingarrayofgardentools.
7Itisonethingtoannouncespendingcuts,butit’sanotherthingtocarrythemout.
8Giventhatsheisfondofchildren),Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.
9This
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