高考英语 Unit3《Inventors and inventions》单元强化训练 新人教版选修8.docx
- 文档编号:17735248
- 上传时间:2023-08-03
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:11
- 大小:164.08KB
高考英语 Unit3《Inventors and inventions》单元强化训练 新人教版选修8.docx
《高考英语 Unit3《Inventors and inventions》单元强化训练 新人教版选修8.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 Unit3《Inventors and inventions》单元强化训练 新人教版选修8.docx(11页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
高考英语Unit3《Inventorsandinventions》单元强化训练新人教版选修8
单元强化训练(三)
(解析为教师用书独有)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Theyclaimed(声称)thattheyhavefoundacureforthedisease,butthishasnotyetbeenproved.
2.Forsomeunknownreason,themeetingcametoanabrupt(突然的)end.
3.Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydeskforconvenience(方便).
4.Heatealightlunchinexpectation(期望)ofagooddinner.
5.In1876Bellgotthepatentforhismostfamousinvention.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.—Mum,itisniceweather.Iwanttoskatethisafternoon.
—Don'tyouthinktheiceonthelakeistoothinto________yourweight?
A.carryB.bear
C.catchD.take
【解析】 这里的bear不表示“忍受”,而是“承受”的意思。
【答案】 B
2.Onlyinthisway________tomakeimprovements.
A.youcanhopeB.canyouhope
C.youdidhopeD.didyouhope
【解析】 only修饰介词短语置于句首,句子使用倒装语序,结合句意可知答案为B项。
句意为:
只有用这种方式你才能取得进步。
【答案】 B
3.—Howdidyoulikethelecturetonight?
—Very________.IdoubtifIwillcometothiskindoflecturenexttime.
A.encouragingB.encouraged
C.disappointingD.disappointed
【解析】 此处指对事物lecture的看法,故使用v.ing形式。
结合后面的Idoubt...可知此题答案为C项。
【答案】 C
4.—Itissaidthatanothernewschool________.
—Yes.Theworkers________itfornearlythreemonthsalreadyandhavefinished80percentofit.
6.Whilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade________discoverywhichcompletelychanged________man'sunderstandingofcolour.
A.a;/B.a;the
C./;theD.the;a
【解析】 makeadiscovery是固定短语,意思是“做出一个发现”;man表示“人类”时,前面不加冠词,所以选择A。
【答案】 A
7.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice________Ipickedupthephone.
A.afterB.as
C.theminuteD.while
【解析】 theminute=assoonas意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。
【答案】 C
8.Every________onthesamediskmusthaveadifferentname.
A.wordB.document
C.messageD.file
10.Itwasreportedthat115miners________inthefloodedmineforeightdayswerepulledoutaliveatlast.
A.trappedB.beingtrapped
C.weretrappedD.hadtrapped
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。
句意为:
据报道,在透水事故中被困8天的115名矿工最终都成功获救。
miners与trap之间为被动关系,因此用trapped表示被动且已经完成。
故答案为A项。
【答案】 A
11.Hekeepsfartoomanythingsinhispockets,sohissuitlooksbadlyoutof________.
A.dateB.style
C.orderD.shape
【解析】 他在口袋里装了太多东西,所以他的外套看起来严重变形了。
outofshape“变形的”,符合题意。
outofdate“过时的,陈旧的”;outofstyle“不流行的”;outoforder“不整齐”。
【答案】 D
12.Successinmoneymakingisnotalwaysagood________ofrealsuccessinlife.
A.levelB.criterion
C.heightD.comment
【解析】 考查名词辨析。
level“水平”;criterion“标准,原则”;height“高度”;comment“评论,解释”。
根据题意,选B。
【答案】 B
13.Shetoldherhusbandthatshecouldn’t________therestofthehouseworkwithouthishelp.
A.getoverB.getthrough
C.getintoD.getoff
15.Tryto________atleasthalfanhoureachdayforlearningnewvocabulary,andyou’llknowmorewords.
A.setasideB.takeup
C.putawayD.turnout
【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。
setaside“留出,拨出,把……放在一边”;takeup“占据,开始从事”;putaway“把……收起来”;turnoff“关掉(灯、水龙头等)”。
句意为:
尽量每天留出至少半个小时的时间来学习新词汇,你将会知道更多的单词。
【答案】 A
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1.我下午三点去看你,方便吗?
(convenient)
Is_it_convenient_to_you_if_I_call_on_you_at_3:
00_p.m.?
2.汤姆对时事有点兴趣,不时买来一些报纸研究。
(current;nowandthen)
Tom_showed_a_little_interest_in_current_affairs_and_would_buy_newspapers_to_study_now_and_then.
3.在我们心中,春节是和愉快的家庭团聚联系在一起的。
(beassociatedwith)
In_our_minds_the_Spring_Festival_is_associated_with_happy_family_reunions.
4.咱们的冰箱又坏了,我们别修它了,最好买一个新的。
(outoforder)
Our_refrigerator_is_out_of_order_again.We'd_better_buy_a_new_one_instead_of_repairing_it.
5.他将手伸入口袋中取出一盒火柴。
(diveinto)
He_dived_into_the_pocket_and_pulled_out_a_box_of_matches.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
ThenexttimeyouusetelephoneandInternet,youcanprobablythankCharlesKao(高锟),whowasoneoftheNobelPrizeinphysicswinnersonOctober6,2020.Hisideaoffiberoptic(光纤)communicationshasmadethemoderntelephoneandInternetpossible.Peoplecanexchangetext,musicandphotosaroundtheworldwithinsecondsthankstothistechnology.
Halfthe$1.4millionprizegoestoCharlesKao,75,fordiscoveringhowtosendlightsignalslongdistancethroughhairthinglassfibers.TheotherhalfgoestotheAmericansBoyle,85,andSmith,79,forinventingasensor(传感器)thatturnslightintoelectricalsignals.Theirinventionledtodigitalcameras.
KaowasborninShanghaiin1933andnowhasbothAmericanandBritishcitizenship(公民身份).
Kaohasbeeninterestedinsciencesincehewasaboy.Heoncetriedmakingabomb(炸弹)athomeusingchemicalsandwater;thenhethrewitinthestreet.Fortunately,noonewashurt!
Afterprimaryschoolandthefirstyearofmiddleschool,KaomovedtoHongKongwithhisfamily.HewenttoHongKongUniversity,buthehadtogotoLondonUniversitytostudyelectricalengineering.Laterhestudiedfiberopticcommunications.
Kaosaidin1966thatglassfiberscouldcarrylightoverlongdistances.Notmanytookhimseriouslyatthetime.Butin1970,researchersintheUSwereabletomakethematerial.
Todaythefibersareusedthroughouttheworldincomputercablesandothercables.Thelightthatflowsthroughthemsendstext,music,picturesandvideogloballyinlessthanasecond.Ifyouputtogetherallthefibersintheworld,youwouldgetasinglethreadover1billionkilometerslong.Thatisenoughtogoaroundtheglobemorethan25,000times.
1.WhywasCharlesKaoawardedtheNobelPrizeinphysics?
A.BecauseheinventedthemoderntelephoneandInternet.
B.BecausehetogetherwithBoyleandSmithinventedasensorwhichchangeslightintoelectricalsignals.
C.Becausehisidealedtotheinventionofdigitalcameras.
D.Becausehediscoveredthewaytosendlightsignalsthroughglassfibers.
【解析】 细节理解题。
从文章第二段第一句“Halfthe$1.4millionprizegoestoCharlesKao,75,fordiscoveringhowtosendlightsignalslongdistancethroughhairthinglassfibers”.可知D项正确。
【答案】 D
2.Thepassagemainlytellsus________.
A.CharlesKao'scontributionandhisgrowth
B.CharlesKaotogetherwithBoyleandSmithwontheNobelPrizeinphysics
C.howCharlesKaodiscoveredfiberopticcommunications
D.howCharlesKaobecameagreatscientist
【解析】 主旨大意题。
全文从CharlesKao获得诺贝尔物理学奖谈起,文章开始主要讲述CharlesKao对物理学的贡献,后文主要讲述他的成长。
【答案】 A
3.WhenprobablydidCharlesKaodiscoverfibercouldcarrylightoverlongdistance?
A.In1970.
B.Inthemid1960s.
C.SoonafterleavingHongKongUniversity.
D.BeforehisgraduationfromLondonUniversity.
【解析】 细节理解题。
从文章倒数第二段第一句“Kaosaidin1966thatglassfiberscouldcarrylightoverlongdistances”.可知B项正确。
【答案】 B
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.CharlesKaolefthisparentsandwenttoHongKongafterthefirstyearof
B
PriscillaOuchida’s“energyefficient”houseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusbandmarriedafewyearsago,theybuilta$100,000,threebedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks,thehousewasequippedwithsmalldoublepaned(双层玻璃的)windowsandseveralotherenergysavingfeatures.Problemsbeganassoonasthecouplemovedin,however,Priscilla’seyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesufferedfromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.Itwasasthoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.
Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.Thelevelofformaldehyde(甲醛)gasinherkitchenwastwicethemaximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.Thesourceofthegas?
Hernewkitchencabinetsandwalltowallcarpeting.
TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution,whichisnotgivenenoughattentionpartlybecauseofthenation’sdrivetosaveenergy.Theproblemitselfisn’tnew.“Theindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservationcamealong,”saysMoschandreas,apollutionscientistatGeornetTechnologiesinMaryland.“Energyconservation(保护)hastendedtoworsenthesituationinsomecases.”
Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhenenergywascheap,homebuildersdidn’tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.Becauseofsuchleaks,theairinanaveragehomewasreplacedbyfreshoutdoorairaboutonceanhour.Asaresult,thepollutantsproducedinmosthouseholdsseldombuiltuptodangerouslevels.
5.Whatisthispassagemainlytalkingabout?
A.Howtobuildan“energyefficient”house.
B.Theproblemwithan“energyefficient”house.
C.WhatisPriscillaOuchida’sopinions.
D.Indoorairpollutionmustbepaidenoughattentionto.
【解析】 主旨大意题。
文中没有提到如何建造“有效节能”的房子,也没有讲述PriscillaOuchida的观点,故排除A、C两项;B项是说“有效节能”房子的问题,文章只是以此为例,更重要的是要人们引起对室内污染的重视,故正确答案为D。
【答案】 D
6.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheOuchidas’house________.
A.iswellworththemoneyspentonitsconstruction
B.isalmostfaultlessfromthepointoftheenergyconservation
C.failedtomeetenergyconservationstandards
D.wasdesignedandconstructedinascientificway
【解析】 推理判断题。
第一段的首句是本文的主题句:
Priscilla这栋“有效节能”的房子,结果却是一场噩梦。
从通篇的阐述分析,这栋房子确实无可指责,而问题在于良好的节能性使早已存在的室内环境污染得以显现,致使Ouchidas一家深受其害。
所以选项B“从节约能源方面看是完美无瑕的”正确。
选项C“不能达到节约能源的标准”与B项相悖。
文章没有涉及建房所需费用值不值的问题。
因此,选项A“花在其建设上的钱很值得”不对。
文章中也没有提到选项D“按科学的方法设计建造的”。
【答案】 B
7.Whywerecracksinoldhousesnotabigconcern?
A.Becauseindoorcleanlinesswasnotemphasized.
B.Becauseenergyusedtobeinexpensive.
C.Becauseenvironmentalprotectionwasgiventoppriority.
D.Becausetheyweretechnicallyunavoidable.
【解析】 细节理解题。
最后一段第二句明确指出:
“因为在以前能源便宜时,房屋的建造者不必担心未封闭的裂缝”。
因此,选项B为正确答案。
【答案】 B
8.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromanarticleentitled“________”.
A.EnergyConservation
B.HouseBuildingCrisis
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- Inventors and inventions 高考英语 Unit3Inventors and inventions单元强化训练 新人教版选修8 高考
链接地址:https://www.bingdoc.com/p-17735248.html