曼昆经济学原理Chapter-24.ppt
- 文档编号:1766718
- 上传时间:2023-05-01
- 格式:PPT
- 页数:16
- 大小:1.46MB
曼昆经济学原理Chapter-24.ppt
《曼昆经济学原理Chapter-24.ppt》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《曼昆经济学原理Chapter-24.ppt(16页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
MeasuringtheCostofLiving,1,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,TheConsumerPriceIndex,Consumerpriceindex(CPI)AmeasureoftheoveralllevelofpricesMeasureoftheoverallcostofgoodsandservicesboughtbytypicalconsumers,2,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,CalculatingCPI,Fixthebasket(ofgoodsandservices)WhichpricesaremostimportanttothetypicalconsumerDifferentweightassignedtoeachproductFindthepricesAteachpointintimeComputethebasketscost(foreachtime)ForthesamebasketofgoodsIsolatetheeffectsofpricechanges(bykeepingthebasketofgoodsthesame),3,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,CalculatingCPI,ChoseabaseyearandcomputetheCPICPI:
priceofabasketofgoods&servicesincurrentyeardividedbypriceofthebasketinbaseyeartimes100CPIforthebaseyearis100Computetheinflationrate,4,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,Table1,5,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,CalculatingtheConsumerPriceIndexandtheInflationRate:
AnExample,Thistableshowshowtocalculatetheconsumerpriceindexandtheinflationrateforahypotheticaleconomyinwhichconsumersbuyonlyhotdogsandhamburgers.,Table1,6,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,CalculatingtheConsumerPriceIndexandtheInflationRate:
AnExample,Thistableshowshowtocalculatetheconsumerpriceindexandtheinflationrateforahypotheticaleconomyinwhichconsumersbuyonlyhotdogsandhamburgers.,TheConsumerPriceIndex,InflationratePercentagechangeinthepriceindexFromthepreviousperiodProducerpriceindex,PPIMeasureofthecostofabasketofgoodsandservicesboughtbyfirmsChangesinPPIareoftenusefulinpredictingchangesinCPIinnextperiod,7,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,Figure1,8,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,TheTypicalBasketofGoodsandServices,Thisfigureshowshowthetypicalconsumerdividesspendingamongvariouscategoriesofgoodsandservices.TheBureauofLaborStatisticscallseachpercentagethe“relativeimportance”ofthecategory.,TheConsumerPriceIndex,ProblemsinmeasuringthecostoflivingSubstitutionbiasPricesdonotchangeproportionatelyConsumerssubstitutetowardgoodsthathavebecomerelativelylessexpensiveIntroductionofnewgoodsMorevarietyofgoodsUnmeasuredqualitychangeChangesinquality(ofthesamegood),9,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,GDPdeflatorversusCPI,GDPdeflatorRatioofnominalGDPtorealGDPReflectspricesofallfinalgoods&servicesproduceddomesticallyCPIReflectspricesofgoods&servicesboughtbyconsumersExcludepricesofnon-consumptiongoods(capitalgoods,intermediategoods)Includepricesofimported(consumer)goods,10,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,GDPdeflatorversusCPI,GDPdeflatorComparesthepriceofcurrentlyproducedgoodsandservicesTothepriceofthesamegoodsandservicesinthebaseyearCPIComparespriceofafixedbasketofgoodsandservicesTothepriceofthebasketinthebaseyear,11,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,Figure2,12,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,TwoMeasuresofInflation,ThisfigureshowstheinflationratethepercentagechangeinthelevelofpricesasmeasuredbytheGDPdeflatorandtheconsumerpriceindexusingannualdatasince1965.Noticethatthetwomeasuresofinflationgenerallymovetogether.,Application:
CorrectingEconomicVariablesfortheInflationEffects,DollarfiguresfromdifferenttimesIndexationAutomaticcorrectionbylaworcontractOfadollaramountFortheeffectsofinflationCOLA:
Costoflivingallowance(Eg.)Usedinadjustingpensionpaymenteachyear,13,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,RealandNominalInterestRates,NominalinterestrateInterestrateasusuallyreportedWithoutacorrectionfortheeffectsofinflationRealinterestrateInterestratecorrectedfortheeffectsofinflation=NominalinterestrateInflationrate,14,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,InterestratesintheU.S.Economy,NominalinterestrateexceedstherealinterestrateAslongasoneeconomyexperiencerisingconsumerprices(Inflation)RealandnominalinterestratesdonotalwaysmovetogetherBecauseinflationratevariesovertimePeriodsofdeflation(Japansince1990s)Realinterestrateexceedsthenominalinterestrate,15,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,Figure3,16,2012CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.,RealandNominalInterestRates,Thisfigureshowsnominalandrealinterestratesusingannualdatasince1965.Thenominalinterestrateistherateona3-monthTreasurybill.Therealinterestrateisthenominalinterestrateminustheinflationrateasmeasuredbytheconsumerpriceindex.Noticethatnominalandrealinterestratesoftendonotmovetogether.,
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 经济学原理 Chapter 24