冠词.docx
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冠词.docx
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冠词
冠词
(一).不定冠词的用法
1.用在可数名词前表示“一个”相当于“one”(类指)。
Thereisabookonthedesk.
I’llreturninadayortwo.
2.用在某些名词前,表示“某一个”相当于“acertain”.
AMr.Whiteiswaitingforyoudownstairs.
3.表示“一类”相当于“any”(泛指).
Ahorseisausefulanimal.
4.表示“每一”相当于“per”.
Thedoctoraskedmetotakethemedicinethreetimesaday.
Theenvelopesareoneyuanandtwentyfenadozen
5.用在某些固定词组中.
abit,afew,alittle,alotof,apieceof,acupof,aglassof,apileof,apairof,haveagoodtime,forawhile,foralongtime
6.用在抽象名词前,表具体的介绍:
a+抽象名词,即抽象名词具体化。
如:
Thislittlegirlisajoytoherparents.
Itisapleasuretotalkwithyou.
Itisanhonourtometoattendthemeeting.
7.与物质名词连用,表示“一种,一阵、一份”。
Whataheavyrain!
ASprite,please.
Whatagoodsupper!
HeboughtaToyota.
Pleasegivemeablackcoffee!
(二).定冠词的用法
1.表示文中再次提到的人或物.
Thereisabookonthedesk.ThebookisanEnglishbook.
2.表示特指的人或物(即:
谈话时彼此都知道的人或物).
Lookattheblackboard.
Openthedoor,please.
3.用在单数可数名词前表示泛指
Thehorseisausefulanimal.
Horsesareusefulanimals.
4.表示世界上独一无二的东西
thesun,theearth,thecapital,thesky,theuniverse
但是:
innature,inspace,insociety,inhistory
5.用在由普通名词构成的国家、党派等专有名词前以及江、河、湖、海、山川、岛屿的名词前。
theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theYellowRiver,theRockyMountains,
thePhilippines,thePacificOcean,theChinaof1840,theParisoftheeast,thelateMr.Brown
6.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。
thesecondstory,thelargestroom,thethirdlongestriver
7.用在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或习惯语中。
ontheleft,intheeast/west,inthemorning,ontheotherhand,intheend
8.用在形容词或分词前表示一类人。
thepoor/rich/dying/young/living/wounded
9.在姓氏复数形式前,表示全家人或夫妇二人。
TheSmithsaresittingatthebreakfasttable
10.弹奏乐器时,乐器名词前
Doyouliketoplaythepianoortheviolin?
11.在表示发明物的单数名词前加定冠词
ThecompasswasinventedinChinafourthousandyearsago.
12.年代前
Inthe1870’s/1870s,whenMarxwasalreadyinhisfifties,…
13.在表示阶级、阶层的词前
therulingclass,theworkingpeople
14.用在一些习惯用语中。
如:
inthe(afternoon,evening),bytheway,inthewater/field/light/shade/distance/middle/country/rain
tellthetruth/ontheotherhand/onthewayhome
15.定冠词使用特殊的场合。
①Hehithimintheface.
beatsb.onthenose,takesb.bythearm,
patsb.onthehead
②theelderofthetwo,
themostbeautifulofthethree
③Thesooner,thebetter.
④Hegotpaidbythehour.
bytheyard/thedozen/themonth/thepiece
但:
byweight按重量
另外:
绰号的表达法如下JohntheLion-hearted,WilliamtheConqueror
(三)不用冠词的情况(零冠词)
1.专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前
China,America,John,
Airisamatter.
Failureisthemotherofsuccess.
但是:
HeistheMr.Zhengyouarelookingfor.
HeisalivingLeiFeng.
TheShanghaioftodayisquitedifferentfromwhatitwas.
Longjingisafamoustea.
aheavyrain,astrongwind,asoup
Itisapleasuretotalktohim.
Hewantedtogivemeapleasantsurprise
2.可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格限制时
Thisbookismine.
3.季节、月份、星期、节日、一日三餐名称前
spring,summer,autumn/fall,winter,Sunday,October,NationalDay
but:
inthespringofthatyear,
ImethimonaMondaylastmonth.
4.称呼语,表示头衔的名词作表语、宾语补足语及同位语时
What’sthis,Mother?
Hewasmademonitor.
GeorgeW.BushispresidentoftheUSA.
5.学科名词,球类、棋类名词前
Doyoustudymathematics?
Helikesplayingfootball/chess.
6.泛指复数名词前
Computersarewidelyusedinourdailylife.
Theyareworkers.
7.在与by连用的交通工具名称前
bycar(bus,train,water,air,land)
8.某些固定词组中
(1).名词词组
husbandandwife,brotherandsister,dayandnight,knifeandfork
(2).介词词组
atschool,inclass,inprison,
infrontof/inthefrontof
attable/atthetable
outofquestion/outofthequestion
inchargeof/inthechargeof
inpossessionof/inthepossessionof
bysea/bythesea
9.as引导的让步状语从句中,作表语的名词不带冠词。
Childassheis,sheknowsalotofFrench.
10.系动词turn(作“变成”解)后作表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词。
Theyounggirlhasturnedwriter.
=Theyounggirlhasbecomeawriter.
11.在单数名词+after+同一单数名词(表示“一个接一个”)结构中,单数可数名词前不加冠词。
Shedidexperimentafterexperiment.
shopaftershop,mistakeaftermistake
12.形容词的最高级前、序数词前也有不用定冠词的情况。
①“most+形容词原级”作“十分、非常、极”解时,前面不用定冠词。
Oh,it’samostbeautifulpicture.
(amostbeautifulpicture=averybeautifulpicture)
②当两个形容词最高级并列修饰同一个名词时,第二个形容词前通常不用定冠词。
Sheisthetallestandfattestgirlinourschool.
③形容词最高级前有名词所有格或物主代词时,不能用定冠词。
Awolfinasheep’sskinisourmostdangerousenemy.
④序数词前面一般加定冠词表示“第……”之意,但在second、third等词前加不定冠词表示“又一,再一”之意。
Thewatermelonisdelctious,sogivemessecondpiece.
注意:
下句中“afirst”表示“第一名、冠军”。
Heisatopstudentinourclass,forheoftengetsafirstinmaths.
13.no与such连用时应放在such之前,such后面的名词不用冠词。
Nosuchthinghaseverhappenedinthisvillage
14.固定词组
gotoschool(college,court,prison,work,church)
beinschool...
比较:
Hewenttocollegelastyear.
HewenttothecollegelastSunday
高中英语语法强化训练(冠词)
()1.______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.SwouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakerby_____year2090.
A.A,theB.A,/C.The,/D.The,a
()2.Ifyougoby______train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_____fastone.
A./,/B./,aC.the,aD./,/
()3.Itisoftensaidthat____teachershave_______veryeasylife.
A/,/B./,aC.the,/D.the,a
()4.Ican’trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft_____city,Ionlyrememberitwas______Monday.
A.the,theB.a,theC.a,aD.the,a
()5.Ifyougrowupin______largefamily,you aremorelikelytodevelop_____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.
A./,antheB.a,the,/C.the,an,theD.a,the,the
()6.Mrs,Taylorhas_____8-year-olddaughterwhohas_____giftforpainting–shehaswontwonationalprizes.
A.a,aB.an,theC.an,aD.th
()7.AfetrdinnerhegaveMr.Richardson______rideto______CapitalAirport.
A.the,aB.atheC./,aD./,the
()8.OnMay5,2005,at___WorldTableTennisChampionship,KongLinghuiandWangHao
wonthegoldmedalinmen’swith____scoreof4:
1.
A.a,aB./theC.a,/D.the,a
()9.Iknew______JohnLennon,butnot____famousone.
A./,aB.a,theC./,theD.the,a
()10.Thebooktells____lifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeft_____schoolandworkedforanewspaperattheageof16.
A.the,theB.a,theC.the./D.a,/
()11.Haveyouread____today’snews?
Thepriceof____houseshasslightlygonedown.
A.the,theB./,theC.the;/D./;/
()12.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theywillknock20penceoff______.
A.apriceB.priceC.thepriceD.prices
()13.____on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish–speakingCanadiansandFrench-speakingCanadiansis_______majorconcernofthecountry.
A.The,/B.The,aC.An,theD.An,/
()14.Whenheleft_____college,hegotajobas______reporterinanewspaperoffice.
A./,aB./,theC.atheD.the,the
()15Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis___partthatitplayedin____IndustrialRevolution.
A./,/B.the,/C.the,theD.a,the
()16.WhilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescopeNewtonmade_______discoverywhichcompletelychanged____man’sunderstandingofcolor.
A.a,/B.a,theC./,theD.the,a
()17.Itis___worldofwonders,_____worldwhereanythingcanhappen.
A.a.theB.a,aC.the,aD./,/
()18.TheWilsonslivein______A-shapedhousenearthecoast.Itis_______17thcenturycottage.
A.the,/B.an,theC./,theD.an,a
()19.Tomowns______largercollectionof______booksthananyotherstudentinourclass.
A.the,/B.a,/C.a,theD./,the
()20.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying___word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak_____silence.
A.the,aB.a,theC.a,/D.the,/
()21.Therewas____time_____Ihatedtgotoschool.
A.a,thatB.a,whenC.the,thatD.the,when
()22.Whenyoufinishreadingthebook,youwillhave______betterunderstandingof______life.,
A.a,theB.the.aC./,theD.a,/
()23.Iearn10dollars____houras____supermarketcashieronSaturday.
A.a,anB.the,aC.an,aD.an,the
()24Thesignreads“incaseof___fire,breaktheglassandpush_____redbutton”
A./,aB./,theC.the,theD.a,a
()25.Idon’tliketalkingon______telephone;Ipreferwriting____letters.
A.a,theB.the./C.the,theD.A,/
()26.Jumpingoutof____airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite_____excitingexperience.
A./,theB./,anC.an.anD.the,the
()27.Onewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistogain_____goodknowledgeofbasicwordformation.
A./BtheC.aD.one
()28.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dlikehave______thirdonebecause_____secondoneisrathertoosmall.
A.a,aB.the.theC.a,theD.the,a
()29.Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedin____leg.
A.aB.oneC.theD.his
()30.Thewarmthof_____sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof___woolused.
A.the,theB.the,/C./,theD./,/
语法
1.表示“某种类别当中的一个”
e.g.Acatisananimal.猫是一种动物。
He’saFrenchman.他是个法国人。
2.第一次提到某物
Ilookedupandsawaplane.
我抬头看见了一架飞机.
3.用在称呼前,含有“我不认识...的感觉”
AMr.Smithiswaitingtoseeyou.
一位史密斯先生正等着要见您。
4.可以表示量度单位,"每..."
40kman/perhour每小时40公里
twicea/perday每天两次
5.与可数名词连用位于what,such之后,
表示感叹,或强调程度
Whatasurprise!
真是让人吃惊。
Mybossissuchafool!
我的老板这么蠢。
6.用在形容词最高级前,相当于very。
Thisisamostusefuldictionary.
这是一本非常有用的字典。
7.用在序数词前面表示“再一次,又一次”。
Tenyearsafterthedeathofherhusband,shegotmarriedforasecondtime.
在她丈夫去世十年后,她再次结婚了。
8.习惯用法
e.g.It’squiteaproblem.
这是一个相当难的问题。
e.g.I’veneverseensuchanexcitingfootballmatchbefore.
我以前从来没见过这么精彩的比赛。
e.g.Thereismanyastudenthere.
9.注意区分a/an:
一般来说,an用在元音前,a用在非元音前。
但注意下面的
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 冠词