概况六国比较记忆Location.docx
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概况六国比较记忆Location.docx
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概况六国比较记忆Location
Location,size,captial:
1.BritainliesintheNorthAtlanticOceanoffthenorthcoastofEuropeanditcoversanareaof244,100SquareKilometers。
ItscapitalisLondon.
2.TheRepublicofIrelandliesinthesouthernpartofIrelandanditcoversanareaof70,282SquareKilometers.ItscapitalisDublin.
3.TheUSA'slocationisstretchedfromtheAtlanticOceanintheeasttothePacificOceaninthewestandithasalandareaof9,3millionSquareKilometersthattheU.Sisthefourthlargestcountryintheworld.WashingtonD.Cisthecapital.
4.CanadaliestothenorthofAmericaandithasanareaofnearly10millionSquareKilometers,whichmakesCanadatheworld'ssecondlargestcountryafterRussia。
Ottawaisthecapital.
5.Australialiessouthoftheequatoranditistheworld'ssmallestcontinentwithanareaof7,7millionSquareKilometers。
ItscapitalisCanberra.
6.NewZealandisintheSouthernPacificOceanwithanareaof266,950SquareKilometers,thesimilarsizetoBritainorJapan.ThecapitalisWellington.Climate:
1.Britainhasafavorablemaritimeclimate-Wintersaremild,nottoocoldandSummersarecool,nottoohot,andithasareliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear.
2.TheweatherofIrelandisdescribedas“mild,moistandchangeable”andithas6climaticregions.
3.LikeChinamanyseasonalchangesarefoundintheUnitedStates.
4.TheclimatethroughoutCanadaisvaried.
5.Australiaishotanddrybecause:
1)mostofAustralialies20。
And35。
South;2)ithasfewmountains;3)theairmassesaffectAustraliaaredry,sunny,highpressurecells;4)MostofAustraliaisfarfromtheoceans.
6.TheclimateofNewZealandisgenerallytemperate,butbecausethecountryrunsnorth-south,theclimateisvaried.Geographicalfeaturesandregions:
1.ThenorthandwestofBritainaremainlyhighlands,theeastandsouth-eastaremainlylowlands.Politicaldivisions:
1)EnglandoccupiesthelargestpartofGreatBritain2)Scotland:
thereare3naturalzones:
theHighlandsinthenorth,thecentrallowlandsandthesouthernUplands.EdinburghisthecapitalofScotland3)Wales:
6%ofWalesiscoveredwithforest.ThecapitalisCardiff.4)NorthernIreland:
Belfastisthecapital.
2.Irelandhasbeencomparedtoabasin.BogsremainthemostsignificantfeatureofIrishlandscape.
3.TheUnitedStateshas7geographicalregionsfromeasttowestincluded1)NewEngland,whichismadeupof6statesoftheNorth-east,iscalledthebirthplaceofAmericaandisalsowell-knownforitspositionineducation[TheNewEnglanderswereoriginallyknownasYankees,whichcametostandforallAmericans];2)theMiddleAtlanticstatesisahighlyindustrializedareaandthenervecenteroftheU.S[NewYorkisoneoftheworld'sbusiestportsandthefinancial,manufacturingandtransportationcenterofthecountry];3)theMidwest,whichisthemostimportantagriculturalarea[Chiacgo,thelargestandbusiestportontheGreatLakes;DetroitistheautomobilecapitaloftheworldwhileOmahaistheagriculturalcapitaloftheUnitedStates];4)TheAmericanSouthisoneoftherichestoil-producingregionsintheworld;5)theGreatPlains[Coloradohasbeencalledthesteelcityofthewest.DenveristhelargestcityoftheGreatPlains;6]AmericanWest7)thePacificCoast[LosAnglesisthePacificCoast'slargestandbusiestcommercialcitywhileSanFranciscoisthesecondlargestcityinCalifonia.In1959AlaskaandHawaiibecamethe49thand50thstatesofAmerica.AlaskaisthelargeststateinareaandRhodeIslandisthesmallest.MaunaLoa,theworld'slargestactivevolcano,islocatedonHawaii.HonoluluisthecapitalofHawaiiandJuneauisthecapitalofAlaska.
4.Canadaismadeupof10provincesand2territoriesandhas6geographicalregions.MostofCanada'sFrenchCanadiansliveintheprovinceofQuebec.ThelargestcityinCanadaisTorontoandMontrealisthesecondoneandVancouveristhethirdone.
5.Australiahas3topographicalregions-1)theGreatWesternPlateau2)theEasternHighlandsisbetterknownastheGreatDividingRange,whichisAustralia'smainwatershed3)theCentralEasternLowlandshastheAustralia'srichestfarmlandandbestgrazingland.
6.InNewZealandoverthreefourthsofthelandismorethan200metersabovesealevel.NewZealandisjustwestoftheInternationalDateLine,soitisthefirstcountrytogetthenewday.RuapehuandNgaurohoeareactivevolcanoesandTongariroisdomant.Mountains,riversandlakes:
1.ScafellisthehighestpeakofEngland.ThePenninesaretheprincipalmountainchain.BenNevisinScotlandisthehighestmountaininBritain.SnowdoniaisthehighestmountaininWales.SevernRiver,338kilometers,isthelongestriverinBritainandthesecondlongestandmostimportantriveristheThamesRiver,336kilometers.RiverClydeisthemostimportantriverinScotland.TheLoughNeaghinNorthernIrelandisthelargestlakeinBritain.2.InIrelandCarrantuohillisthehighestpeakanditis1041metershigh.TheShannonRiveristhelargestriverinIreland.
3.InUnitedStatestheRockies,thebackboneoftheNorthAmericancontinent,isalsoknownastheContinentalDivide.TheMississippi,oneofthelongestriversintheworld,hasbeencalled“fatherofwaters”or“oldmanriver”andhas2majortributaries,theMissouriandtheOhio.TheOhioRiverhasbeencalledtheAmericanRuhr.OnthePacificsidethereare2greatrivers:
theColoradointhesouthandtheColumbia,whichrisesinCanada.TheRioGrandeRiverisanaturalboundarybetweenmexicoandtheU.S.TheGreatLakesarethemostimportantlakesintheU.S:
1)LakeSuperior,whichisthelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworld2)LakeMichigan,theonlylakeentirelyintheU.S3)LakeHuron4)LakeEireand5)LakeOntario.
4.InCanadaMountLoganisthehighestpeak.Thereare45lakesinCanadainall.TheMackenzieandtheSt.Lawrencearethe2principalriversystem.
5.InAustraliaMountKosciuskoisthehighestpoint.LakeEyreisregardedasAustralia'slargestlake.TheMurrayisAustralia'slongestriver.
6.InNewZealandMountCookisthehighestpeal.LakeTaupoisthelargestlakethe.CluthaisthelargestriverinsouthIslandandthe2largestNorthIslandRiversaretheWaikatoandtheWanganui.People,plantsandanimals:
1.Britainhasapopulationof57,411,000,whichismadeupmainlyoftheEnglish,theScottich,theWelsh,theIrish,theNorthernIrishandotherpeoples.1)TheEnglishareAnglo-SaxonsandtheScottish,WelshandIrishareCelts.SouthernersspeakthetypeofEnglishclosertoBBCEnglish.Regionalspeckisusually“broader”innorthernEnglandthanthatofsouthernEngland.2)TheancestorsoftheWelshweretheancientBritons.TheWelshareemotionalandcheerfulpeople.CelebratedfestivalsofsonganddanceandpoetryinEisteddfodau,theykeeptheWelshlanguageandtheWelshculturealive.3)ScotsareproudthattheEnglishneverconqueredthem.ThoughtheScotsaresaidtobeaserious,cautiousandthriftypeople,todaytheyarehospitable,generousandfriendly.4)TheIrishareknownfortheircharmandvivacityaswellasforthebeautyoftheirIrishgirls.5)SinceWWII,theimmigrantsaremainlyfromtheWestIndies,IndiaandPakistan.
2.InIrelandthebasicethnicstockisCeltic.Theyear1845,whentheGreatFaminebegan,markstheendofoneeraandbeginningofanotherinthesocialhistoryofIreland.Thereare2officiallanguagesinIreland:
IrishandEnglish.IrelandisoneofthemostCatholiccountriesofEurope.TheAnglicanChurchofIrelandisthelargestnon-Catholicdenomination.
3.AmericaisthethirdmostpopulouscountryintheworldafterChinaandIndia.EllisIslandofNewYorkwasanimportantimmigrationreceptionspotinthe1890sandattheturnofthecentury.ThefirstimmigrantsinAmericanhistorycamefromEnglandandtheNetherlands.MobilityisconsideredtobeoneofthecharacteristicsoftheAmerican.Thereare3immigrationwavesand4populationmovements.1)ThelargestoftheracialandethnicminoritiesintheU.Sistheblacks.ThefirstblackswerebroughttoNorthAmericaasslavesin1619.andare2novelsgivingavividdescriptionofthemiserablelifeoftheblackslaves.TheslavesystemwasformallyendedbyLincoln'sEmancipationProclamationin1863andtheThirteenthAmendmenttotheConstitutionin1865.2)TheHispanicisagroupofpersonswithSpanish-speaking.Thereare3majorHispanicgroups---Mexican-Americans,thePuertoRicansandtheCuban-Americans.3)Asian-Americans:
thelargestgroupofAsianAmericansistheChinese-Americans.ThesecondlargestgroupistheJapanese-Americans.4)Indians5)Whiteethnics:
traditionally,themainstreamAmericanswerecalledWasps,thatis,WhiteAnglo-SaxonProtestants.
4.JohnCabot,anItalianseacaptain,andJacquesCartier,aFrenchnavigatorareimportantintheEuropeandiscoveryofCanada,whichcanbetrackedbacktotheendofthe15thcentury.
5.Australiahasapopulationofonly17.8millionpeople.InAustraliaKangaroosandEmusarethelargestnativedesertanimals.TheAustralianpopulationisstillmainlyofBritishdescent.TheheadoftheAustraliangovernmentisnottheirPrimeMinister,buttheQueenofEngland.Australiaisoneofthemosturbanizedcountriesintheworld.
6.NewZealandersareknownfortheirinventiveness.EvergreensarethenativetreesinNewZealand.Thereare250speciesofbirdsinNewZealandandthekiwiisanationalsymbolofthecountry.Theonlynativelandmammalsare2speciesofbats.Economy:
1.BritainistheoldestindustryintheworldandtheIndustrialRevolutiontookplaceinBritain.Britainhasrunningbalanceofpaymentsdeficitsformanydecades.Theterm“Britishdisease”isnowoftenusedtocharacterizeBritain’seconomicdecline.Thereare3
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