人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版.docx
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人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版.docx
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人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版
八年级英语上册笔记
not不(副词,后接动词、形容词、副词)
no不,没有(形容词,作定语,后接可数名词、不可数名词)(=nota/an/any)Ihavenofriends◇Noonecandoit.
不许,不可(省略句中)Nosmoking!
禁止吸烟◇Nophotos!
禁止拍照
Hereare…倒装句式
①主语为代词,全句半倒装结构Hereyouare给你◇Herehecomes他来了
②主语为名词,全句全倒装结构Hereareyourbooks.◇Herecomesthebus.
result结果,成绩(可数名词)getgoodresults取得好成绩◇listentotheresults听结果
theresultsof…结果
asfor至于,就…而言AsforEnglish,Ilikeitverymuch.
Weallcome,butasforhim,hedidn’tcome.
about①大约Sheisabouttwentyyearsold.
②在…周围Ilostmypenabouttheclassroom.
③关于,对于TheyaretalkingaboutaTVplay.
注意on“关于”,用于表示严肃或学术性场合,供专门研究用aspeechonAfricahistory
most①多数的,大部分的Mostpeoplethinkso.
②最大的,最多的Whogotthemosthelp?
③大多数,大部分,大多数人(代词)
mostofthe+复数名词Mostofthestudentsliketravelling.
mostof+物主代词+名词Hespendsmostofhistimetravelling.
mostof+宾格代词Mostofusliketravelling.
④非常,很(副词)=veryIt’samostinterestingbook.
一般现在时
①经常发生频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday,everyweek等
②客观真理
③心理状态和感觉动词无进行时be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,prefer,wish,know,understand,
remember,feel,believe,guess,think,look,see,hear,find,have,sound,taste等
drink喝(tea,water,milk,cola,beer,wine液体类)
eat吃(fruit,vegetables,rice,fish,meet固体类)eat/havesoup喝汤takemedicine喝药
have吃,喝(三餐breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner)
howlong多久/多长(for/about+一段时间◇…meterslong)
howoften多久一次(often,twiceaweek)
howsoon多快/过多久(in+一段时间)
howfar多远(tenminutes’walk)
howmany多少(数词+可数名词复数)
howmuch多少(钱)(数词+量词+不可数名词/数词+钱)
goshopping去购物◇goskating去滑冰◇gofishing去钓鱼◇goboating去划船
gosightseeing去观光◇dosomereading阅读◇dosomewashing洗涮◇dosomecooking做饭
dosomeswimming游泳◇dosomespeaking说话◇dosomelistening多听
Sayingathingisverydifferentfromdoingit.
What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?
kindof稍微,有点儿I’mkindoftired我有点累
akindof一种
allkindsof各种各样的
different/manykindsof不同种/许多种类
It’sverykindofyoutodothat
maybe大概,或许(副词)=perhapsMaybeyouareright.
maybe(情态动词+be)Youmayberight.
wantsth想要什么
wanttodosth想要做什么=feellikedoing=wouldliketodosth
wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事
注意want侧重主观,need侧重客观需要sthwant/needdoing主动表被动
Theflowerswant/needwatering.=Theflowerswant/needtobewatered.
begoodfor对…有益
begoodto对…好
begoodat擅自…
begoodwith和…相处得好
health健康(n)Theoldmanisingoodhealth.◇keepingoodhealth
healthy健康的(adj)Mygrandmaisveryhealthy.◇keephealthy◇stayhealthy
pretty很,相当(adv)Themanisprettyold.◇Thebookisprettyexpensive.
pretty漂亮的,秀丽的(adj)Whataprettygirl!
eatinghabits饮食习惯◇sleepingpill安眠药◇drinkingwater饮用水
Itisagoodhabittodosth做什么是一个好习惯
fall/getintothehabitof沾染…习惯
formthehabitof养成…习惯
outofhabit出于习惯
try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.
trydoingsth尝试做某事Hetriedswimmingacrosstheriver.
tryout试验CanItryoutyournewbicycle?
tryon试穿Thedressisverynice.CanItryiton?
tryone’sbesttodosth尽最大努力去做某事WeshouldtryourbesttostudyEnglishwell.
haveatry尝试一下
lookafter照看
lookat=havealookat
lookover检查
lookup(在字典中)查找
lookforwardto期待,盼望
lookaround/about环顾
too肯定句,句中前后用逗,句末前用逗号Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.
also肯定句,实义动词前,系助动词后Sandywasalsoattheparty.
either否定句,句末前用逗号Hewon’tgo,either.
helpsbtodosth
helpsbdosth
helpsbwithsth
withone’shelp=withthehelpof
helponeselfto请随便吃些
can’thelpdoingsth禁不住,情不自禁
although虽然,尽管(从属连词)=though不能与but(并列连词)同时使用,但可与still,yet同时连用
Althoughheisold,heisstillhealthy.=Heisold,butheisstillhealthy.
注意:
because与so不能连用。
BecauseA句,B句=A句,soB句
keepdoingsth持续做某事(不间断)
keepondoingsth反复做某事(短暂间断)
keepsb/sth+adj.使某人保持某种状态
keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止,保护…不受(from)
keepupwith赶上◇keepashop开商店◇keepintouchwith与某保持联系◇keepaneyeon照看
must必须,应当(否定needn’t或don’thaveto不必)MustIstayhere?
—No.Youneedn’t/don’thaveto.
mustn’t禁止Youmustn’tdrivesofast.不许开车开得这么快。
must必定会,很可能Thisdishmustbedelicious.这道菜肯定好吃
What’swrongwithyou?
What’sthematter/troublewithyou?
What’syourtrouble?
What’sup?
Unit2What’sthematter?
haveabackache背痛=haveasoreback
Mylegshurts.
Myeyesache.
Ihaveapaininthearm.
givesbadviceonsth给某人提有关某某建议
takeone’sadvice听从某人的建议
advisesb(not)todosth建议某人(不)做某事
problem难以解决难题或问题,与solve、settle搭配
question要口头回答的问题,与ask、answer搭配
trouble麻烦事,忧虑,与have、make搭配
feel/be/gettired感到疲劳
be/feeltiredof对…感到厌倦
be/feeltiredwith因…劳累
believesb相信某人(的话)
believeinsb信任某人
lie躺;位于—lay—lain—lying
lie说谎—lied—lied—lying
getback=beback=comeback=return
Ithinkso.我认为是这样
Idon’tthinkso.我认为不是这样
类似词:
believe,suppose,hope,say等
hopeso
hopetodosth
hopethat从句(很可能实现的愿望)
hopeforsth
wishsbtodosth
wishsbsth
wishtodo
wishthat从句(不太可能实现的愿望)
seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’s
forexample举例说明(只举一个)Heboughtalotofschoolthings,forexample,notebooks.
suchas列举同类中的几个例子=like
Heknowsseverallanguages,suchasEnglish,FrenchandRussian.
Itis+adj+for+sb+todosth形容词表事情性质、特征:
improtant,easy,difficult,hard,necessary等
Itis+adj+of+sb+todosth形容词表人的品质、特质:
kind,wise,clever,good,right,foolish等
atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暂时atthatmoment在那时
atthelastmoment在最后关头amomentago刚才
justamoment稍等一下foramoment一会儿
How/Whatabout(prep)+sb/sth/doingsth?
怎么样;对于…怎么样
How/Whataboutyou,Tony?
How/Whataboutyourexamlastweek,Kate?
How/Whataboutsittinginthegarden?
Howlong多长时间持续性谓语动词live,stay,study,work,play,等;for+一段时间
Howlong多长Howlongistheriver?
haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴
haveagoodtime/havefun(in)doingsth=enjoydoingsth很高兴做某事
send,give,show,bring,teach,tell+sb+sth=V+sthtosb
buy,sing,make,cook,get+sbforsb
Myfatherboughtacomputerforme.
Pleasesendittohim.
everybody/everyone每个人(谓语用单数,后不能接of)Everybody/everyonelikeschildren.
everyone每个人,每件物(后能接of)Everyoneofuslovesthechildren.
getstressedout变得紧张,有压力的under…stress在压力之下
besorrytodosth对做…感到遗憾
besorryforsb对某人感到遗憾
besorryaboutsth对某事感到遗憾
keepbalance保持平衡
ablanceddiet饮食平衡
abalanceof…的平衡
be+V-ing进行时表预计将来要做的事情,跟将来时间
HeisleavingBeijingtomorrow.他明天离开北京
summervacation/holiday暑假wintervacation/holiday寒假
takeaholiday/vacation度假
forvacation度假(表目的)onvacation度假(表行为进行)
holiday休息日,假日=vacation
festival(民俗、宗教或喜庆)日或(音乐、戏剧、电影等)会演节日,前常用冠词
afilmfestivaltheSpringFestival
day传统节日或法定节日Teachers’Day
Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?
gocamping去野营◇gohiking去徒步远足◇goboating去划船
dosomewashing洗衣服◇dosomecooking煮饭◇dosomeshopping买东西
dosomecleaning大扫除◇dosomelistening/reading/writing/speaking多听/读/写/说
live长时间居住
stay短暂停留HelivesinWuhanbutnowhestaysinBeijing.
goaway离开=beaway=getaway
takeaway拿走
runaway跑开
sendsth发送某物
sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把某物寄给某人
sendsbtodosth派某人做某事
sendback送回,退回
sendforsb派人去请某人
sendup发射,使价格上升
年月周前要用in,星期几号则用on;泛指上午下午需用in,具体日子则用on;午夜黄昏黎明用at
makeaplan制订计划
workoutaplan拟订计划
plantodosth打算做某事
planfor为作计划
planon(doing)sth指望,打算
befamousfor+著名的原因(特产)ChinaisveryfamousfortheGreatWall.
YaoMingisfamousforplayingbasketball.
befamousas以(身份、职业、产地、地方)而著名YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.
spend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth花费时间/金钱做某事
spend+时间/金钱+onsth
leavesth地方遗忘某物在某地
forgetsth忘带东西
thinkabout从各方面思考
thinkof想起,考虑
thinkover仔细考虑
thinkout想出
decidesth
decidetodosth
decideondoingsth决定做某事
decidethat从句
V+V-ing作宾语
finishdoingsth完成做某事practisedoingwith练习做某事enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事
minddoingsth介意做某事keepdoingsth保持做某事
forgettodosth忘记要做某事Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.
forgetdoingsth忘记做了某事HeforgotgoingtoShanghaiwithhisparentswhenhewasfive.
forgetoneself忘我,奋不顾身
Forgetit别提它了,别在意
forgetful健忘的
rentsthfromsb从某人处租用某物
rentsthtosb把某物租给某人
asksbsth问某人某事
asksb(not)todosth问某人某事
askforsth请求某事;要某物
asksbforsth向某人要某物
gettoget
arriveinWuhan(名词)arrivehome,here,there(地点副词)
reachreach
Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?
takethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船
takeataxi乘出租车byrail=bytrain乘火车
takethesubway乘地铁onfoot步行
taketheplane=byplane=byair乘飞机
gotoschoolona/thebus(大型交通工具)
gotoschoolina/thecar(小型交通工具)
sbspend+时间/金钱+onsth/(in)doingsthIspent3hoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.
Ittakessb+时间+todosthIttookmefourhourstogotoWuhanbybus.
sbpay+金钱+forsthIpaidfiveyuanformyEnglishbook.
sthcostsb+金钱MyEnglishbookcostmefiveyuan.
frommorningtoevening从早到晚
fromdoortodoor挨家挨户
frombeginningtoend自始至终
fromtimetotime时不时
havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner
haveaquick/light/deliciousbreakfast吃了一顿快速/简便/丰盛的早餐
quick动作突然迅速、敏捷,强调动作、反应快aquickworker◇aquickmind◇aquickanswer
fast速度快afastsleep很快入睡afasttrain/plance快速火车/飞机
soon不久,强调时间短,用于将来时
dependon/upon取决于;依靠…而定Itdependsontheweather.beillinhospital生病住院
asmallnumberof少量的
anumberof许多的
alarge/geatnumberof大量的
ride乘车rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideamotorcycle
drive驾驶车辆driveacar开车drivesheep赶羊
stop(市区沿途停靠的)小站
station(停、转车辆的)车站;局,所
stoptodosth停下来去做某事
stopdoingsth停止正在做的某事
partof部分
alargepartof大部分
Notall/everyone/both=…all/everyone/both/always…not(部分否定)并不是所有
Notalltheanswersareright=Alltheanswersaren’tright.
speakto/withsb对/同某人说话(能力)speakChinese讲中文
saytosbsth(强调说话内容)
talkto/withsb(强调动作)talkaboutsb/sth谈论某人/某事
tellsbsth(双宾)tellastory/lie讲故事tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事tellAfromB区分
Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?
bedifferentfrom与不同Bananasaredifferentfromoranges.
find/knowthedifference找到不同点
makea/thedifference有影响;起重要作用
makenodifferenc
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